CN-121991726-A - Biomass conversion device, slag discharging system and slag discharging method thereof

CN121991726ACN 121991726 ACN121991726 ACN 121991726ACN-121991726-A

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass conversion device, a slag discharging system and a slag discharging method thereof. The back-blowing device is used for blowing gas into the biomass pyrolysis furnace so as to loosen ash residues in the biomass pyrolysis furnace. The pulse slag breaking device is used for loosening ash slag in the biomass cracking furnace in a gas pulse blowing mode. The slag poking device is provided with a slag poking port, and the slag poking port is communicated with the inside of the biomass pyrolysis furnace and is used for a slag poking tool to pass through to poke ash slag in the biomass pyrolysis furnace. When the ash is blocked, at least one of the back blowing device, the pulse slag breaking device and the slag poking device is opened, so that the ash can be discharged outwards through the slag discharging port. The design provides a triple slag breaking mode, and the slag breaking mode can be selected according to actual conditions in the practical application process, so that the situation of ash blocking can be treated hierarchically, and the full scene coverage from slight blocking to serious blocking can be realized.

Inventors

LIAN HUAJUN
REN JIAN
LI DONG
CHEN LICHANG
LIU XIN
LI SHUANG
LIU HONGQIN

Assignees

中集绿能低碳科技(广东)有限公司
中集绿能低碳科技(湛江)有限公司
中集安瑞科投资控股（深圳）有限公司
中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260331

Claims (19)

1. The slag discharging system is used for a biomass pyrolysis furnace and is characterized by comprising: The back-blowing device is communicated with the inside of the biomass pyrolysis furnace and is used for blowing gas into the biomass pyrolysis furnace to loosen ash residues in the biomass pyrolysis furnace; the pulse slag breaking device is communicated with the inside of the biomass cracking furnace and is used for loosening ash slag in the biomass cracking furnace in a gas pulse blowing mode; The slag poking device is provided with a slag poking channel which is communicated with the inside of the biomass pyrolysis furnace and is used for a slag poking tool to pass through so as to poke ash slag in the biomass pyrolysis furnace; When ash blocks, at least one of the back blowing device, the pulse slag breaking device and the slag poking device is opened, so that ash can be discharged outwards through a slag discharging port arranged at the bottom of the biomass pyrolysis furnace.
2. The slag discharging system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the number of said blowback devices is plural, and the plural blowback devices are divided into at least a first blowback device and at least a second blowback device, said second blowback device being connected to said biomass pyrolysis furnace, said first blowback device being disposed below said second blowback device.
3. The slag removal system of claim 2, wherein the first blowback device is connected to the slag poking device, wherein the first blowback device is in an open state and the second blowback device is in a closed state when the slag poking device is open.
4. The slag removing system according to claim 2, wherein the slag removing device comprises a slag removing pipe and a control valve, the slag removing pipe is positioned below a slag removing port of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, the slag removing pipe is communicated with the slag removing port of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, the slag removing pipe is provided with the slag removing channel, the first back blowing device is connected with the slag removing pipe, and gas blown by the first back blowing device enters the biomass pyrolysis furnace through the slag removing channel; the control valve is arranged on the slag poking pipe and is positioned at one end of the first back blowing device, which is away from the biomass pyrolysis furnace, and the control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the slag poking channel.
5. The slag discharging system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the slag poking pipe is arranged obliquely from top to bottom outwards; The slag poking device further comprises a baffle which is detachably connected with the slag poking pipe and used for opening and closing the slag poking channel, and the baffle is in sealing connection with the slag poking pipe.
6. The slag discharging system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the blowback apparatus communicates with the inside of the biomass pyrolysis furnace through a blowback pipe, the blowback pipe being disposed obliquely from top to bottom toward the biomass pyrolysis furnace, and/or, The pulse slag breaking equipment is communicated with the inside of the biomass pyrolysis furnace through a pulse tube, and the pulse tube is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the biomass pyrolysis furnace.
7. The slag discharging system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a slag discharging pipe, wherein the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port of the biomass pyrolysis equipment, and a shut-off valve for controlling the on-off of the slag discharging pipe is provided on the slag discharging pipe; The slag discharging system further comprises a first temperature detector and a second temperature detector which are arranged on the biomass pyrolysis furnace at intervals, the first temperature detector is positioned above the second temperature detector, the first temperature detector is used for detecting a first temperature signal in the biomass pyrolysis furnace, and the second temperature detector is used for detecting a second temperature signal in the biomass pyrolysis furnace; the cutting valve is opened according to the first temperature signal so that ash in the biomass pyrolysis furnace can be discharged outwards through the slag discharging pipe, and the cutting valve is closed according to the second temperature signal so as to stop ash discharging.
8. The slag discharging system as set forth in claim 7, further comprising a third temperature detector disposed on the slag discharging pipe for detecting a third temperature signal within the slag discharging pipe; When the cut-off valve is opened to carry out slag discharge, controlling any one of the back blowing equipment and the pulse slag breaking equipment to be opened according to the second temperature signal and/or the third temperature signal, or controlling the back blowing equipment and the slag poking equipment to be opened; the slag discharging system further comprises a controller, and the controller is in communication connection with the first temperature detector, the second temperature detector, the third temperature detector, the back blowing equipment, the pulse slag breaking equipment, the slag poking equipment and the cut-off valve.
9. The slag removal system of claim 8, wherein the first temperature detector is disposed horizontally or obliquely from top to bottom inwardly; The second temperature detector is horizontally arranged or obliquely arranged from top to bottom inwards; The third temperature detector is arranged horizontally or obliquely from top to bottom inwards.
10. The slag discharging system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a slag discharging pipe in communication with a slag discharging port of the biomass pyrolysis furnace; the slag discharging system further comprises a jacket sleeved on the slag discharging pipe, an accommodating space is formed between the jacket and the slag discharging pipe, and the accommodating space is used for accommodating and replacing a heat medium so as to heat or cool ash in the slag discharging pipe; The slag discharging pipe is provided with a cutting valve and a manual operation valve which are used for controlling the on-off of the slag discharging pipe at intervals from top to bottom, the cutting valve and the manual operation valve are both positioned below the jacket, and the manual operation valve is positioned above the cutting valve.
11. The slag discharging system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising an expansion joint through which the slag discharging port and the slag conveying device are communicated, wherein the slag conveying device is arranged obliquely upward from the inlet end to the outlet end, and an included angle between the slag conveying device and a horizontal plane is 10 ° -30 °; the slag conveying equipment is a water-cooling spiral mechanism.
12. A slag discharging method for a biomass pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that the slag discharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is adopted, and the slag discharging method comprises: Opening a slag discharging port of the biomass cracking furnace to discharge ash residues; checking ash discharge conditions; When the checking result is that the ash is blocked, selectively controlling any one of a back blowing device and a pulse slag breaking device to be opened so that the ash can be discharged outwards through a slag discharging port of the biomass cracking furnace, or controlling the slag poking device to be opened so that the ash can be discharged outwards through a slag poking channel of the slag poking device and/or the slag discharging port; when the inspection result is that the slag is smooth, continuing to slag; and after the slag discharge is finished, the slag discharge system is closed to stop ash discharge.
13. The slag discharging method according to claim 12, wherein a first temperature signal at the upstream of a slag discharging path inside the biomass pyrolysis furnace is detected, and when the first temperature signal is lower than a preset temperature of 100-150 ℃, a slag discharging port of the biomass pyrolysis furnace is opened for slag discharging; And detecting a second temperature signal at the downstream of the internal slag discharging path of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, and closing the slag discharging system to stop slag discharging when slag discharging is finished when the second temperature signal rises and is lower than the first temperature signal by 100-150 ℃.
14. The slag discharging method according to claim 12, characterized in that, while slag discharging is performed, a second temperature signal downstream of the slag discharging path inside the biomass pyrolysis furnace is detected, the second temperature signal being kept constant for a first preset time or having an ascending value of less than 1 ℃ for a second preset time, and/or a third temperature signal connected to an upper portion inside the slag discharging pipe at the slag discharging port is detected, the third temperature signal being kept constant or having an ascending value of less than 1 ℃ for a preset time range, the blowback apparatus is turned on and the blowback apparatus is intermittently operated; After the back-flushing equipment is started to act in a preset frequency range, the third temperature signal is kept unchanged or the rising value of the third preset time is smaller than 1 ℃, the pulse slag breaking equipment is started and acts between the pulse slag breaking equipment and the pulse slag breaking equipment, and at the moment, the back-flushing equipment is in a closed state; After the pulse slag breaking equipment is started to act on a preset frequency range, the third temperature signal is kept unchanged or the rising value of the fourth preset time is smaller than 1 ℃, the pulse slag breaking equipment is closed, and the slag poking equipment is started to enable a slag poking tool to pass through to poke ash slag in the biomass pyrolysis furnace, so that the ash slag can be discharged outwards through a slag poking channel of the slag poking equipment and/or a slag discharging port.
15. The slag discharging method according to claim 14, wherein the preset times of intermittent action of the back-flushing device are more than 3 times and 5 times, the time range of each action of the back-flushing device is 1 s-10 s, and the interval time range of intermittent action of the back-flushing device is 1 min-5 min; The preset frequency range of intermittent action of the pulse slag breaking equipment is more than 3 times to 5 times, the time range of each action of the pulse slag breaking equipment is 0.2s to 1s, and the interval time range of intermittent action of the pulse slag breaking equipment is 1min to 5min.
16. The slag removal method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the number of the back-flushing devices is plural, the plurality of back-flushing devices are divided into at least a first back-flushing device and at least a second back-flushing device, the first back-flushing device is connected with the slag poking device, the second back-flushing device is connected with the biomass pyrolysis furnace, and the first back-flushing device is arranged below the second back-flushing device; When ash is discharged, the third temperature signal is kept unchanged at a first preset time or the rising value of the third temperature signal is smaller than 1 ℃ at a second preset time, and the first back-flushing equipment is started and is enabled to act between the first back-flushing equipment and the second back-flushing equipment; After the first back-flushing device is started to act on the preset frequency range, the third temperature signal is kept unchanged or the rising value of the third temperature signal is smaller than 1 ℃ in a fifth preset time, the second back-flushing device is started and acts between the second back-flushing device and the first back-flushing device, and at the moment, the first back-flushing device is in an open state or a closed state.
17. The slag discharging method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the number of the pulse slag breaking devices is plural, and the plural pulse slag breaking devices are divided into at least one first pulse slag breaking device and at least one second pulse slag breaking device, and the first pulse slag breaking device is located below the second pulse slag breaking device; after the second back-flushing device is started to act in a preset frequency range, the third temperature signal is kept unchanged or the rising value of the third preset time is smaller than 1 ℃, the first pulse slag breaking device is started and the second pulse slag breaking device is stopped to act, and at the moment, the first back-flushing device and the second back-flushing device are in a closed state; After the first pulse slag breaking device is started to act on a preset frequency range, the third temperature signal is kept unchanged or the rising value of the sixth preset time is smaller than 1 ℃, the second pulse slag breaking device is started and is enabled to act intermittently, at the moment, the first pulse slag breaking device is in an opening state or a closing state, and the first back blowing device and the second back blowing device are in a closing state.
18. The slag discharging method as claimed in claim 17, wherein after the second pulse slag breaking device is turned on to a preset frequency range, the third temperature signal is maintained unchanged or a rising value is less than 1 ℃ in a fourth preset time, all pulse slag breaking devices and all second back blowing devices are turned off, and the slag poking ports of the first back blowing device and the slag poking device are turned on.
19. The biomass conversion device is characterized by comprising a biomass gasifier, a biomass cracking furnace and a slag discharging system according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the biomass gasifier is used for gasifying biomass, an inlet of the biomass cracking furnace is communicated with an outlet of the biomass gasifier, the biomass cracking furnace is used for cracking substances generated through gasification of the biomass gasifier, and the slag discharging system is arranged corresponding to the biomass cracking furnace and is used for discharging slag in the biomass cracking furnace.

Description

Biomass conversion device, slag discharging system and slag discharging method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy production, in particular to a biomass conversion device, a slag discharging system and a slag discharging method thereof. Background In the biomass energy utilization field, a combined device of a primary gasification furnace and a secondary cracking furnace can realize the efficient conversion of biomass, and becomes one of new gasification technical routes. The core working flow is that the primary gasification furnace gasifies biomass to generate semicoke and ash slag, the mixture is separated and purified by a cyclone dust collector and then enters a secondary cracking furnace to complete deep cracking, and finally high-quality synthesis gas is obtained. However, in the pneumatic or fire-pressing pneumatic stage of the cold furnace in which the device is cut into the biomass pure oxygen gasification, the system faces multiple severe working conditions, so that the slag discharging system at the bottom of the secondary cracking furnace frequently has a blocking problem, and the stable operation of the device is severely restricted. Specifically, three core pain points exist in the stage, namely, the water content of the synthesis gas is extremely high and is usually maintained to be 30% -50%, the temperature in the furnace is directly influenced by a high humidity environment, the temperature of ash in a secondary cracking furnace is extremely low and is only 300 ℃ -500 ℃ and is far lower than the temperature level under the normal operation working condition, and when the ash is pressed, ash at the bottom does not flow, moisture is absorbed in the furnace, and hardening and bridging are serious. In order to avoid safety accidents such as ignition and explosion caused by reverse channeling of the synthetic gas through a slag discharging system under a low-load working condition, a conical section at the bottom of the secondary cracking furnace is required to be reserved with a certain height of ash slag bed body so as to realize sealing. However, the temperature of the ash slag in the area is low and the viscosity is obviously increased under the influence of the low-temperature and high-humidity working conditions. When the high-viscosity ash slag flows through the slag discharging port at the bottom of the cone section, hardening and bridging are easy to occur, so that a slag discharging channel is blocked. The slag discharge hole blockage can cause a series of linkage problems to cause serious economic loss and system risk, namely, firstly, the slag discharge flow is directly interrupted to cause continuous accumulation of ash in the furnace, secondly, the accumulation of ash can greatly shorten the residence time of the synthetic gas in the secondary cracking furnace to ensure insufficient deep cracking, the tar content in the subsequent synthetic gas is obviously increased, the equipment load and the operation cost of the system tar treatment are greatly increased, thirdly, the ash accumulation in the furnace is too high to cause rapid increase of system resistance to destroy the pressure balance in the furnace, and finally, the blockage problem can force the whole combined device to stop for maintenance to cause huge production loss. Therefore, it is needed to provide a technical solution capable of solving the above-mentioned slag-discharging and blocking problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a biomass conversion device capable of solving the problem of slag discharge blockage, a slag discharge system and a slag discharge method thereof. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a slag discharging system for a biomass pyrolysis furnace, the slag discharging system comprising: The back-blowing device is communicated with the inside of the biomass pyrolysis furnace and is used for blowing gas into the biomass pyrolysis furnace to loosen ash residues in the biomass pyrolysis furnace; the pulse slag breaking device is communicated with the inside of the biomass cracking furnace and is used for loosening ash slag in the biomass cracking furnace in a gas pulse blowing mode; The slag poking device is provided with a slag poking channel which is communicated with the inside of the biomass pyrolysis furnace and is used for a slag poking tool to pass through so as to poke ash slag in the biomass pyrolysis furnace; When ash blocks, at least one of the back blowing device, the pulse slag breaking device and the slag poking device is opened, so that ash can be discharged outwards through a slag discharging port arranged at the bottom of the biomass pyrolysis furnace. In some embodiments, the number of the back-flushing devices is multiple, and the back-flushing devices are divided into at least one firs