Search

CN-121991727-A - Garbage gasification furnace system and efficient gasification treatment method

CN121991727ACN 121991727 ACN121991727 ACN 121991727ACN-121991727-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage gasification furnace system and a high-efficiency gasification treatment method, and relates to the technical field of garbage treatment. The garbage gasification furnace system and the efficient gasification treatment method comprise a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, wherein the gasification furnace is sequentially connected with an air distribution plate, an air chamber, a gasifying agent preheater, a waste heat boiler and a heat exchange unit, a semicoke circulation mechanism, a synthesis gas purification mechanism and a working condition monitoring and deslagging component are arranged in a matched mode, a complete gasification-purification-waste heat utilization system is constructed, the treatment method comprises the steps of feed pretreatment, gasification reaction, semicoke circulation, synthesis gas purification, waste heat utilization and deslagging treatment, the garbage gasification furnace system and the efficient gasification treatment method improve the carbon conversion rate through semicoke circulation, reduce energy consumption by means of waste heat closed loop recovery, guarantee gasification working condition stability, reduce secondary pollution, realize maximized utilization of garbage combustible resources and efficient recovery of energy, and are suitable for urban household garbage recycling treatment scenes.

Inventors

  • CHEN YIN

Assignees

  • 东莞祥科智控装备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260226

Claims (7)

  1. 1. A garbage gasification furnace system comprises a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) and is characterized in that an air distribution plate (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), an air chamber (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air distribution plate (17), a gasifying agent preheater (15) is fixedly connected to the output end of the air chamber (16), a high-efficiency conversion mechanism is arranged on the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), the high-efficiency conversion mechanism comprises a waste heat boiler (18), the waste heat boiler (18) is arranged on one side of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), the waste heat boiler (18) is fixedly connected to the gasifying agent preheater (15), and a heat exchange unit (19) is fixedly connected to the output end of the waste heat boiler (18).
  2. 2. The garbage gasification furnace system according to claim 1, wherein an electric slag discharging valve (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), and a plurality of pressure monitoring meters (7) and temperature monitoring meters (6) are arranged on the front surface of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) at equal intervals.
  3. 3. A garbage gasification furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) is fixedly connected with a connecting flange (4), the connecting flange (4) is fixedly connected with a gasification furnace synthetic gas outlet pipe (5), one side above the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) is fixedly connected with a feeding pipe (2), and the feeding pipe (2) is fixedly connected with a sealing feeding valve (3).
  4. 4. A refuse gasification furnace system according to claim 3, characterized in that the end of the gasification furnace synthesis gas outlet pipe (5) far from the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) is fixedly connected with a cyclone separator (8).
  5. 5. A garbage gasifier system according to claim 4, wherein a star discharger (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator (8), a return feeder (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the star discharger (9), and one end, far away from the star discharger (9), of the return feeder (10) is fixedly connected to the circulating fluidized bed gasifier (1).
  6. 6. A garbage gasifier system according to claim 4, wherein a separator synthesis gas outlet pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the cyclone separator (8), a bag-type dust collector (12) is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the cyclone separator (8), of the separator synthesis gas outlet pipe (11), and a dry desulfurization tower (13) is fixedly connected to the output end of the bag-type dust collector (12).
  7. 7. A method of efficient gasification treatment based on the waste gasifier system of any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of: step 1, pretreatment of feeding, namely conveying pretreated garbage through a feeding pipe (2), opening a sealing feeding valve (3), and quantitatively conveying the garbage into a circulating fluidized bed gasifier (1); Step 2, gasifying, namely preheating a gasifying agent in a gasifying agent preheater (15), uniformly feeding the gasifying agent into a circulating fluidized bed gasifier (1) through an air chamber (16) and an air distribution plate (17), and maintaining an anoxic gasification environment at 750-850 ℃ in the circulating fluidized bed gasifier (1), wherein the garbage is subjected to pyrolysis gasification reaction to generate synthetic gas; Step 3, semicoke circulation, namely enabling the synthesis gas to carry semicoke particles to enter a cyclone separator (8) through a gasifier synthesis gas outlet pipe (5), separating the semicoke particles, enabling the semicoke particles to fall into a star discharger (9), and sending the semicoke particles back into the circulating fluidized bed gasifier (1) for secondary gasification through a return feeder (10); Step 4, purifying the synthesis gas, and sequentially feeding the synthesis gas after semicoke separation into a bag-type dust remover (12) and a dry desulfurization tower (13) through a synthesis gas outlet pipe (11) of a separator to remove dust and acid gas; Step 5, utilizing waste heat, namely enabling high-temperature flue gas generated by burning the purified synthesis gas to enter a waste heat boiler (18), absorbing heat by the waste heat boiler (18) to generate steam, converting the steam into hot water or hot air for energy supply through a heat exchange unit (19), and enabling low-temperature flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler (18) to be used for preheating a gasifying agent; And 6, deslagging treatment, namely periodically opening an electric deslagging valve (14) to discharge gasification residues at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (1).

Description

Garbage gasification furnace system and efficient gasification treatment method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a garbage gasification furnace system and a high-efficiency gasification treatment method. Background With the continuous acceleration of the urban process, the urban household garbage production amount is increased year by year, the traditional garbage treatment mode is difficult to meet the core development demands of reduction, harmlessness and recycling, wherein landfill treatment occupies a large amount of land resources, secondary pollutants such as percolate and methane are easy to generate, soil and groundwater environment are threatened, the traditional incineration treatment can realize the reduction, but has the problems of high energy consumption, easy generation of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxin and heavy metals in flue gas, environmental protection treatment cost is high, composting treatment is limited by garbage components, the application range is narrow, the treatment period is long, and the recycling efficiency is low; The prior device has low energy recovery efficiency, closed loop utilization is not formed, in the prior art, most of high-temperature flue gas heat generated after the combustion of the synthesis gas generated by gasification is recovered in a single link, waste heat value is not fully excavated, and especially, the low-temperature flue gas is not utilized to preheat the gasifying agent, so that the gasifying agent needs to consume additional heat to raise the temperature after entering the furnace, and the energy consumption of the system is increased. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a garbage gasification furnace system and a high-efficiency gasification treatment method, which can solve the problems. The garbage gasification furnace system comprises a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, wherein the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace is fixedly connected with an air distribution plate, the bottom of the air distribution plate is fixedly connected with an air chamber, the output end of the air chamber is fixedly connected with a gasifying agent preheater, the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace is provided with a high-efficiency conversion mechanism, the high-efficiency conversion mechanism comprises a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is arranged on one side of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, the waste heat boiler is fixedly connected to the gasifying agent preheater, and the output end of the waste heat boiler is fixedly connected with a heat exchanger unit. Preferably, one side of the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is fixedly connected with an electric slag discharging valve, and the front surface of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is provided with a plurality of pressure monitoring meters and temperature monitoring meters at equal intervals. Preferably, the top of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is fixedly connected with a connecting flange, the connecting flange is fixedly connected with a gasifier synthetic gas outlet pipe, one side above the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is fixedly connected with a feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe is fixedly connected with a sealing feeding valve. Preferably, one end of the gasifier synthesis gas outlet pipe far away from the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is fixedly connected with a cyclone separator. Preferably, the bottom of the cyclone separator is fixedly connected with a star discharger, the bottom of the star discharger is fixedly connected with a returning charge device, and one end of the returning charge device, which is far away from the star discharger, is fixedly connected with the circulating fluidized bed gasifier. Preferably, the cyclone separator is fixedly connected with a separator synthetic gas outlet pipe at the top, one end of the separator synthetic gas outlet pipe, which is far away from the cyclone separator, is fixedly connected with a bag-type dust collector, and the output end of the bag-type dust collector is fixedly connected with a dry desulfurization tower. The high-efficiency gasification treatment method of the garbage gasification furnace system comprises the following steps: Step 1, pretreatment of feeding, namely conveying pretreated garbage through a feeding pipe, opening a sealing feeding valve, and quantitatively feeding the garbage into a circulating fluidized bed gasifier; Step 2, gasifying, namely after the gasifying agent enters a gasifying agent preheater for preheating, uniformly feeding the gasifying agent into a circulating fluidized bed gasifier through an air chamber and an air distribution plate, maintaining an anoxic gasification environment at 750-850 ℃ in the circulating fluidized bed