CN-121991728-A - Bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion system and method

CN121991728ACN 121991728 ACN121991728 ACN 121991728ACN-121991728-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass energy conversion system and a biomass energy conversion method for bamboo product processing waste, and relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization. The system comprises a grading pretreatment unit, a carbon dioxide regulation and control double-reactor unit, a product refining unit and an energy recycling unit. The method comprises the steps of dewatering, classifying, crushing and activating the bamboo product processing waste by a classifying pretreatment unit, generating bio-oil, coke and synthetic gas by the segmented conversion of a carbon dioxide regulating double-reactor unit, purifying and modifying by a product refining unit, and recycling waste heat and byproducts by an energy recycling unit. The invention solves the problems of poor product, high energy consumption and low utilization rate of the prior art, realizes the efficient conversion of the whole components of the bamboo product processing waste, improves the added value of the product, has stable operation, low consumption and wide adaptability, and has remarkable economic and ecological benefits.

Inventors

LI GUANDE
LI YONGJUN

Assignees

湖南家乐竹木股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260326

Claims (10)

1. A bamboo article processing waste material biomass energy conversion system, its characterized in that: The method comprises a grading pretreatment unit, a carbon dioxide regulation and control double-reactor unit, a product refining unit and an energy circulation unit, wherein the units are cooperatively linked to form a closed-loop operation system, the grading pretreatment unit consists of a spiral extrusion dehydrator, a grading pulverizer and an alkali salt pretreatment tank and is used for dehydrating, grading pulverizing and activating bamboo product processing waste, the carbon dioxide regulation and control double-reactor unit is a pyrolysis reactor and a gasification reactor which are arranged in series and is designed to realize the grading conversion reaction of the bamboo product processing waste by adopting an anti-corrosion lining, the product refining unit comprises a tar catalytic cracking module, a synthesis gas purification module and a coke modification module and is used for purifying and modifying a conversion product, and the energy circulation unit is used for recovering waste heat and byproducts generated in the operation process of the system and recycling the waste heat and byproducts in each unit of the system so as to reduce energy consumption.
2. The bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion system of claim 1, wherein: the classifying pulverizer is used for dividing the bamboo product processing waste dehydrated by the screw extrusion dehydrator into fine materials and coarse materials according to the particle size, the fine materials and the coarse materials are respectively matched with the reaction paths of the pyrolysis reactor and the gasification reactor, and the alkaline salt pretreatment tank is filled with alkaline pretreatment liquid for destroying lignin-carbohydrate complexes in the bamboo product processing waste.
3. The bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion system of claim 1, wherein: The pyrolysis reactor is used for introducing a mixed atmosphere of carbon dioxide and nitrogen and adding a catalyst to regulate and control the reaction process, adopts a double-flow-bed structure, takes air and steam as gasifying agents and is used for carrying out deep gasification reaction on pyrolysis residues.
4. The bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion system of claim 1, wherein: The tar catalytic cracking module adopts active carbon as a catalyst to remove tar, the synthesis gas purification module enriches carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the synthesis gas through a membrane separation technology, and the coke modification module utilizes pyrolysis byproducts to activate coke generated by pyrolysis.
5. The bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion system of claim 1, wherein: The energy circulation unit can recycle the waste heat generated by the gasification reactor to supply heat for the grading pretreatment unit, and meanwhile, the carbon dioxide in the purified biological oil combustion tail gas is recycled to the pyrolysis reactor, and the catalyst can be recycled through a water immersion method.
6. A biomass energy conversion method for bamboo product processing waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: The biomass energy conversion system based on the bamboo product processing waste materials is realized by the steps of firstly carrying out grading pretreatment on the bamboo product processing waste materials, dehydrating the bamboo product processing waste materials through a screw extrusion dehydrator, dividing the bamboo product processing waste materials into fine materials and coarse materials through a grading pulverizer, respectively sending the fine materials and the coarse materials into an alkali salt pretreatment tank, adding an alkali pretreatment liquid for reaction, filtering and drying to obtain activated bamboo materials, carrying out a double-stage conversion reaction, sending the activated fine materials into a pyrolysis reactor, generating biological oil and coke under the action of a mixed atmosphere and a catalyst, sending the activated coarse materials and pyrolysis residues into a gasification reactor to generate synthetic gas, refining the products, and finally recycling waste heat and byproducts through an energy circulation unit to finish the biomass energy conversion of the bamboo product processing waste materials.
7. A bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion method according to claim 6, wherein: In the grading pretreatment process, the dehydration degree of the bamboo product processing waste needs to be controlled, the water content of the dehydrated bamboo product processing waste is ensured to meet the requirements of subsequent crushing and activation treatment, and the alkaline pretreatment liquid and the bamboo product processing waste are mixed according to a specific solid-to-liquid ratio and react under the optimized condition so as to improve the cellulose conversion rate.
8. A bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion method according to claim 6, wherein: in the double-section conversion reaction process, the pyrolysis reactor directionally generates high aromatic hydrocarbon bio-oil and porous coke by regulating and controlling the reaction temperature and the residence time, the gasification reactor realizes the deep conversion of pyrolysis residues by oxidation-reduction reaction, and the double-fluid-bed structure can reduce the tar yield.
9. A bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion method according to claim 6, wherein: In the product refining treatment process, the purified synthetic gas can be directly used for generating electricity or synthesizing fuel, the biological oil is dehydrated and deacidified to improve the heat value, and the activated and modified coke can be used as an adsorption material or an energy carrier.
10. A bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion method according to claim 6, wherein: In the energy circulation process, the recovered gasification waste heat can meet most energy consumption requirements of the grading pretreatment unit, the recovery rate of carbon dioxide and the cyclic utilization rate of the catalyst are both at higher level, and the obvious improvement of the energy source supply rate of the system is realized.

Description

Bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of biomass energy, in particular to a biomass energy conversion system and a biomass energy conversion method for bamboo product processing waste. Background The bamboo product processing industry is large in scale, a large amount of bamboo product processing waste materials including bamboo joints, bamboo chips, bamboo powder, bamboo filaments, bamboo carving leftover materials and the like can be generated in the processing process, and the waste materials account for more than eight ingredients of the total amount of raw materials. At present, the treatment mode of the bamboo product processing waste is single, and part of the processing waste is burnt and buried, so that not only is biomass resource wasted, but also ecological problems such as air pollution, soil and water pollution and the like can be caused, and the environment-friendly development requirement is not met. The existing bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion technology is mostly dependent on a single pyrolysis or gasification process, and has a plurality of technical bottlenecks. The biological oil produced by the single pyrolysis process has high water content, low heat value, insufficient coke porosity, poor product quality meeting the actual application requirements, poor operation stability of the gasification process, easy production of a large amount of tar, high difficulty in tar removal and high cost, and meanwhile, the acid gas is easy to corrode equipment, thereby increasing maintenance cost. In addition, the prior art lacks the targeted hierarchical pretreatment link, can't adapt to the bamboo article processing waste materials of different particle diameters, different composition, leads to the cellulose conversion rate low, and waste material utilization is not abundant. Meanwhile, all process links are mutually independent, no energy circulation and reuse design exists, the energy consumption is high, and the large-scale popularization of the technology is restricted. In view of the above, there is a need for an efficient, stable, low-cost biomass energy conversion system and method for bamboo product processing waste, which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the technology and provide a biomass energy conversion system and method for bamboo product processing waste. The technical scheme includes that the bamboo product processing waste biomass energy conversion system comprises a grading pretreatment unit, a carbon dioxide regulating double-reactor unit, a product refining unit and an energy circulation unit, wherein the grading pretreatment unit consists of a spiral extrusion dehydrator, a grading pulverizer and an alkali salt pretreatment tank and is used for dehydrating, grading pulverizing and activating the bamboo product processing waste, the carbon dioxide regulating double-reactor unit is a pyrolysis reactor and a gasification reactor which are arranged in series, an anti-corrosion lining design is adopted and is used for realizing the grading conversion reaction of the bamboo product processing waste, the product refining unit comprises a tar catalytic cracking module, a synthesis gas purification module and a coke modification module and is used for purifying and modifying a conversion product, and the energy circulation unit is used for recovering waste heat and byproducts generated in the operation process of the system and recycling the waste heat and byproducts to the units of the system so as to reduce energy consumption. As an improvement, the classifying crusher is used for dividing the bamboo product processing waste dehydrated by the screw extrusion dehydrator into fine materials and coarse materials according to the particle size, the fine materials and the coarse materials are respectively matched with the reaction paths of the pyrolysis reactor and the gasification reactor, and the alkali salt pretreatment tank is filled with alkali pretreatment liquid for destroying lignin-carbohydrate complex in the bamboo product processing waste. As an improvement, the pyrolysis reactor is used for introducing a mixed atmosphere of carbon dioxide and nitrogen and adding a catalyst to regulate and control the reaction process, and adopts a double-fluid-bed structure, and uses air and steam as gasifying agents for carrying out deep gasification reaction on pyrolysis residues. According to the improved tar catalytic cracking module, activated carbon is used as a catalyst to remove tar, the synthetic gas purification module is used for enriching carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the synthetic gas through a membrane separation technology, and the coke modification module is used for activating coke generated by pyrolysis by using pyrolysis byproducts. As an improvem