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CN-121991747-A - Lubricating fluid for electric motor

CN121991747ACN 121991747 ACN121991747 ACN 121991747ACN-121991747-A

Abstract

An electric motor lubricating fluid for an electric motor system comprising a lubricating base oil, a tolyltriazole corrosion inhibitor, an oil soluble phosphorus antiwear additive, and a sulfonate detergent in an amount that facilitates effective performance in copper leaching and extreme pressure wear when tolyltriazole is present.

Inventors

  • J. Rodrigues
  • M.DEVLIN
  • K. Dillion
  • K. Sutyak
  • A. WILLIAMS

Assignees

  • 雅富顿化学公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20251027
Priority Date
20241101

Claims (15)

  1. 1. An electric motor lubrication fluid suitable for use in an electric or hybrid electric vehicle, the electric motor lubrication fluid comprising: one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity; at least about 1ppm of nitrogen provided by the tolyltriazole resist; an oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising an ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid providing about 40ppm to 150ppm phosphorus and about 85ppm to about 315ppm sulfur to the electric motor lubricating fluid; a succinimide dispersant derived from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride reacted with a polyalkylene polyamine having one or more primary or secondary amines, wherein the one or more primary or secondary amines are post-treated with a capping agent; a sulfonate detergent in an amount that contributes from about 0.02 to about 1.9 TBN (ASTM D2896) to the electric motor lubricating fluid, and Wherein the electric motor lubrication fluid contains less than about 500ppm sulfur and at least about 70ppm phosphorus.
  2. 2. The electric motor lubrication fluid of claim 1, wherein the tolyltriazole resist comprises methyl-1H-benzotriazole.
  3. 3. The electric motor lubrication fluid of claim 1, wherein a ratio of an amount of phosphorus (ppm) delivered to the fluid from the ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid to an amount of nitrogen (ppm) delivered to the fluid from the tolyltriazole resist (EP phos+ci nitrogen) to a TBN factor is about 70,000 or less, and wherein the TBN factor is the TBN delivered to the fluid by the detergent (ASTM D2896) divided by an amount of metal (ppm) delivered to the fluid from the detergent (TBN/Det metal).
  4. 4. The electric motor lubrication fluid of claim 3, wherein the sulfonate detergent is calcium sulfonate and provides about 30ppm to about 600ppm of calcium to the electric motor lubrication fluid.
  5. 5. The electric motor lubricating fluid of claim 1, wherein the oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising the ashless dialkyl dithiophosphate is prepared by a process comprising (a) reacting an organic hydroxy compound with phosphorus pentasulfide to form a reaction product, and (b) further reacting the reaction product with an unsaturated carboxylic acid to form the oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising the ashless dialkyl dithiophosphate, and/or wherein the ashless dialkyl dithiophosphate comprises a compound of formula I: (IIa) Wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently a C 1 to C 10 linear or branched alkyl group and R 6 is-H or-CH 3 , and/or wherein the ashless dialkyldithiophosphate comprises 3- [ [ bis (2-methylpropyloxy) thiophosphinyl ] thio ] -2-methylpropanoic acid.
  6. 6. The electric motor lubrication fluid of claim 1, wherein the succinimide dispersant is post-treated with a phosphorous-containing compound and/or a boron-containing compound, and/or wherein the succinimide dispersant delivers about 20ppm to about 100ppm phosphorous and about 5ppm to about 50ppm boron to the electric motor lubrication fluid.
  7. 7. The electric motor lubrication fluid of claim 1, wherein the sulfonate detergent is provided in an amount that contributes from about 0.2 to about 0.6 TBN, and/or wherein the electric motor lubrication fluid exhibits copper leaching of about 30ppm or less according to ASTM D130, and/or wherein the electric motor lubrication fluid has a failure load rating of 8 or more in the FZG a10/16.6R/120 test of ASTM D5182, and/or wherein the electric motor lubrication fluid contains less than about 300ppm sulfur.
  8. 8. A method for lubricating a drivetrain component including an electric motor, the method comprising: lubricating the driveline component with an electric motor lubrication fluid, and wherein the electric motor lubrication fluid contacts a portion of the electric motor; Wherein in the electric motor the lubricating fluid comprises (i) one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity, (ii) at least about 1ppm nitrogen provided by a tolyltriazole resist, (iii) an oil soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid, providing the electric motor lubricating fluid with about 40ppm to about 150ppm phosphorus and about 85ppm to about 315ppm sulfur, (iv) a succinimide dispersant derived from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride reacted with a polyalkylene polyamine having one or more primary or secondary amines, wherein the one or more primary or secondary amines are post-treated with a capping agent, (v) a sulfonate detergent provided in an amount that contributes about 0.02 to about 1.9 of TBN to the electric motor lubricating fluid, and (vi) wherein the electric motor lubricating fluid contains less than about 500ppm sulfur and at least about 70ppm phosphorus, and Wherein the electric motor lubricating fluid exhibits copper leaching of about 30ppm or less according to ASTM D130 and has a failure load rating of 8 or higher in the FZG a10/16.6R/120 test of ASTM D5182.
  9. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the triazole resist comprises methylbenzotriazole.
  10. 10. The method of claim 8 wherein the ratio of the amount of phosphorus (ppm) delivered to the fluid from the ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid to the amount of nitrogen (ppm) delivered to the fluid from the tolyltriazole resist (EP phos+ci nitrogen) relative to TBN factor is about 70,000 or less, and wherein the TBN factor is the TBN delivered to the fluid by the detergent (ASTM D2896) divided by the amount of metal delivered to the fluid from the detergent (ppm) (TBN/Det metal), and/or wherein the sulfonate detergent is calcium sulfonate and provides about 30ppm to about 600ppm of calcium to the electric motor lubricating fluid.
  11. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising the ashless dialkyl dithiophosphate is prepared by a method comprising (a) reacting an organic hydroxy compound with phosphorus pentasulfide to form a reaction product, and (b) further reacting the reaction product with an unsaturated carboxylic acid to form the oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising the ashless dialkyl dithiophosphate.
  12. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein the ashless dialkyldithiophosphate comprises a compound of formula I: (IIa) Wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently a C 1 to C 10 linear or branched alkyl group and R 6 is-H or-CH 3 , and/or wherein the ashless dialkyldithiophosphate comprises 3- [ [ bis (2-methylpropyloxy) thiophosphinyl ] thio ] -2-methylpropanoic acid.
  13. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the succinimide dispersant is post-treated with a phosphorus-containing compound and/or a boron-containing compound, and/or wherein the succinimide dispersant delivers about 20ppm to about 100ppm phosphorus and about 5ppm to about 50ppm boron to the electric motor lubricating fluid.
  14. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the sulfonate detergent is provided in an amount that contributes from about 0.2 to about 1.6 TBN.
  15. 15. The method of claim 8, wherein the electric motor lubrication fluid contains less than about 300ppm sulfur.

Description

Lubricating fluid for electric motor Technical Field The present disclosure relates to methods of using lubricating fluids and lubricating fluids for electric motor systems. In particular, the disclosed methods and compositions relate to lubricating fluids suitable for use in electric or hybrid electric vehicles comprising a tolyltriazole resist, ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid, and a detergent to achieve copper corrosion and extreme pressure performance. Background A major challenge in developing electric vehicle powertrain lubricants is achieving acceptable extreme pressure performance while minimizing copper leaching to be compatible with electronic components in the electric vehicle powertrain. Tolyltriazole compounds (e.g., methylbenzotriazole) are effective metal deactivators that inhibit copper leaching into lubricants, but have been found to adversely affect the performance of certain extreme pressure additives. For example, combining tolyltriazole with ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid extreme pressure additives in an electric vehicle powertrain lubricant results in a reduction of the breaking load level (FLS) in FZG performance (e.g., A10/16.6R/120 wear test of CEC L-84-02). If tolyltriazole is removed from the composition, FZG FLS improves, but copper leaching also increases. Disclosure of Invention In one embodiment, described herein is an electric motor lubrication fluid suitable for use in an electric or hybrid electric vehicle. In one aspect of this embodiment, an electric motor lubricating fluid comprises one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity, at least about 1ppm nitrogen provided by a tolyltriazole resist, an oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid, providing the electric motor lubricating fluid with about 40ppm to 150ppm phosphorus and about 85ppm to about 315ppm sulfur, a succinimide dispersant derived from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride reacted with a polyalkylene polyamine having one or more primary or secondary amines, wherein the one or more primary or secondary amines are post-treated with a capping agent, a sulfonate detergent in an amount that contributes to the electric motor lubricating fluid a TBN (ASTM D2896) of about 0.02 to about 1.9, and wherein the electric motor lubricating fluid contains less than about 500ppm sulfur and at least about 70ppm phosphorus. In other methods or embodiments, the electric motor lubrication fluid of the preceding paragraph may include other features or embodiments in any combination. These other features or embodiments may include one or more of wherein the tolyltriazole resist comprises methyl-1H-benzotriazole, and/or wherein the amount of phosphorus delivered to the fluid from the ashless dialkyldithiophosphoric acid (ppm) and the amount of nitrogen delivered to the fluid from the tolyltriazole resist (ppm) (EP Phos+CI nitrogen) relative to a TBN factor is about 70,000 or less, and wherein the TBN factor is the TBN delivered to the fluid by the detergent (ASTM D2896) divided by the amount of metal delivered to the fluid from the detergent (ppm) (TBN/Det metal), and/or wherein the sulfonate detergent is calcium sulfonate, and provides about 30ppm to about 600ppm of calcium to the electric motor lubricating fluid, and/or wherein an oil soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising an ashless dialkyldithiophosphate is prepared by a process comprising the steps of (a) reacting an organic hydroxy compound with phosphorus pentasulfide to form a reaction product, and (b) reacting the reaction product with an unsaturated alkyl dithiophosphate, and wherein the reaction product comprises an ashless alkyl dithiophosphate, and the dithiophosphate or an ashless salt thereof forms an oil soluble phosphorus antiwear additive comprising the dithiophosphate of formula I: (IIa) Wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently C 1 to C 10 linear or branched alkyl groups and R 6 is-H or-CH 3, and/or wherein the ashless dialkyldithiophosphate comprises 3- [ [ bis (2-methylpropyloxy) thiophosphinyl ] thio ] -2-methylpropanoic acid, and/or wherein the succinimide dispersant is post-treated with a phosphorus-containing compound and/or a boron-containing compound, and/or wherein the succinimide dispersant delivers about 20ppm to about 100ppm phosphorus and about 5ppm to about 50ppm boron to the electric motor lubricating fluid, and/or wherein the sulfonate detergent is provided in an amount that contributes about 0.2 to about 0.6 TBN, and/or wherein the electric motor lubricating fluid exhibits a copper leaching according to ASTM D130 of about 30ppm or less, and/or wherein the electric motor lubricating fluid has a failure load rating of 8 or more in the FZG A10/16.6R/120 test of ASTM D5182, and/or wherein the electric motor lubricating fluid contains less than about 300ppm sulfur. In still other methods or embodiments, a method for lubricating a powertrain component including an electri