CN-121991756-A - Method for peeling cyperus esculentus

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of grain and oil crop processing, and relates to a method for peeling cyperus esculentus, which comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out heat treatment on the cyperus esculentus by adopting hot water or steam; (2) carrying out alkali liquor soaking treatment on the heat-treated cyperus esculentus. The invention can soften wax of the skin of the cyperus esculentus and destroy the wax barrier by adding hot water or steam to treat the cyperus esculentus, so that alkali liquor can permeate into the skin more easily and effectively to play a role, the release efficiency of the skin of the cyperus esculentus is improved, the technical effect of 100% peeling can be realized almost after the cyperus esculentus is soaked in the alkali liquor for subsequent treatment, the method is suitable for the cyperus esculentus of different production places and varieties, the effect of batch and complete peeling of the skin of the cyperus esculentus can be realized without being influenced by the size and shape of tubers, and the food-grade citric acid solution is adopted to treat the peeled cyperus esculentus, so that the color and flavor of the cyperus esculentus are stabilized.

Inventors

• DU CHUANLIN
• YANG YONGTAN
• LIU MING
• XU HUI
• ZHANG HAO
• Wei Bochen

Assignees

• 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260128

Claims (10)

1. 1. A method for peeling cyperus esculentus, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Carrying out heat treatment on the cyperus esculentus by adopting hot water or steam to soften the wax on the skin of the cyperus esculentus; (2) Soaking the heat-treated cyperus esculentus in 10-25% sodium hydroxide solution for 10-30 min, and performing alkali liquor soaking treatment to loose and peel the outer skin.
2. 2. The method for peeling the cyperus esculentus according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is carried out by soaking the cyperus esculentus in 80-100 ℃ hot water for 15-25 minutes or fumigating the cyperus esculentus with water vapor for 10-20 minutes.
3. 3. The method for peeling the cyperus esculentus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the step of performing water elution treatment on the cyperus esculentus subjected to alkali liquor soaking treatment, removing alkali liquor and outer skin, and cooling the cyperus esculentus.
4. 4. A method of peeling a cyperus esculentus as claimed in claim 3 wherein the water temperature is 18-25 ℃ and the water flow rate is 1-10L/min.
5. 5. The method for peeling the chufa according to claim 4, wherein the water elution treatment is to stir and wash the peeled chufa after the alkali soaking treatment by a drum washing peeling machine or a spiral drum combined washing machine.
6. 6. The method for peeling the chufa according to claim 5, wherein the water pressure of the drum-washing peeling machine or the spiral drum-combined washing machine is 2-6 bar.
7. 7. The method for peeling the cyperus esculentus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a citric acid solution soaking treatment.
8. 8. The method for peeling the chufa according to claim 7, wherein the chufa after the water elution treatment is soaked for 10-30 minutes with a citric acid solution with a mass concentration of 0.5% -2.0%, preferably food grade citric acid.
9. 9. The method for peeling the cyperus esculentus according to claim 8, wherein after the citric acid solution is soaked, the cyperus esculentus is washed with water for a plurality of times until the pH of the cyperus esculentus is 7-8.
10. 10. The method for peeling the cyperus esculentus according to claim 1,2 or 9, wherein the alkali liquor soaking treatment adopts a basket type alkali liquor pool, and the citric acid solution soaking treatment adopts a basket type acid liquor pool.

Description

Method for peeling cyperus esculentus Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of grain and oil crop processing, and relates to a method for peeling cyperus esculentus. Background The cyperus esculentus is a high-adaptability oil crop integrating the functions of oil, grain, pasturing and feeding, the oil content is generally 25% -32%, the oil yield per mu is 4 times that of soybeans, and the cyperus esculentus has great potential and becomes an important supplement for guaranteeing the national grain and oil safety. In addition, the cyperus esculentus is rich in starch, soluble sugar, dietary fiber and the like, is a novel non-transgenic grain and oil crop with high comprehensive utilization value and development potential, and is an emerging force with great potential in a grain and oil production system in China. There are still some problems in the industry development of cyperus esculentus that need to be solved. The cyperus esculentus is a tuber of a plant, and the outer-most epidermis is a rough and hard pericycle. As a processing raw material, the tough skin can prevent release and extraction of grease, phospholipid, starch, sugar, fiber and protein which are internal components, so that higher energy consumption is required in the processes of oil pressing, powder preparation and the like, the oil yield, the powder yield and the like are influenced, and the production and processing efficiency is reduced. As a food raw material, the presence of phytic acid in the epidermis can seriously affect the absorption of nutrient components in the cyperus esculentus by the human body. Meanwhile, the presence of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, tannin and other compounds in the epidermis can cause the cyperus esculentus to have obvious fibrous feel and astringency, which is a major obstacle affecting the direct eating of the cyperus esculentus. The rind of the cyperus esculentus is often dark brown or yellow brown in color, and these pigments can affect the color of the final product. In the processing process of the cyperus esculentus byproducts, if the skin is reserved, the problems of dark color and luster and reduced sensory quality of the final product are easily caused, and the visual attractiveness and commodity property of the final product at the market end are obviously weakened. The shape of the cyperus esculentus is irregular, the surface is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the tight combination of the outer skin (perikin) and the cortex part is difficult to be removed. The prior commonly used peeling technology mainly comprises wet peeling, dry peeling and acid-base treatment auxiliary peeling, wherein the wet peeling is to soak the cyperus esculentus in alkali liquor to realize the loosening of the outer skin, the dry peeling adopts a special peeling machine to remove the outer skin by a mechanical friction or extrusion method, the acid-base treatment auxiliary peeling is a method combining acid-base chemical action and physical peeling, and the acid-base treatment auxiliary peeling is to soften the outer skin by acid or alkali solution and then to assist the mechanical peeling, but the problems of incomplete peeling and high cyperus esculentus breakage rate are common in the methods, and the requirements of industrial processing of the cyperus esculentus are difficult to be met. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new efficient peeling method for the cyperus esculentus to solve the above technical problems and realize complete and efficient peeling of the cyperus esculentus. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to overcome the defect of incomplete peeling of the cyperus esculentus in the prior art, and provides a method for peeling the cyperus esculentus, which can almost realize 100% complete peeling of batch cyperus esculentus and meet the industrial production requirement. In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical scheme is as follows: The invention provides a method for peeling cyperus esculentus, which comprises the following steps: (1) Carrying out heat treatment on the cyperus esculentus by adopting hot water or steam to soften the wax on the skin of the cyperus esculentus; (2) Soaking the heat-treated cyperus esculentus in 10-25% sodium hydroxide solution for 10-30 min, and performing alkali liquor soaking treatment to loose and peel the outer skin. According to the method for peeling the cyperus esculentus, disclosed by the invention, the step of adding hot water or steam to treat the cyperus esculentus can soften wax on the skin of the cyperus esculentus, and the wax barrier is destroyed, so that alkali liquor can more easily permeate into the skin, the effect is exerted more efficiently, and the peeling efficiency of the outer skin of the cyperus esculentus is greatly improved. In addition, the invention adopts alkali liquor with specific concentration and specific time to soak the heat-treated cyperus esculentus, so