CN-121991808-A - Fire alarm mycelium material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a fire alarm mycelium material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of fire alarm materials. The preparation method of the mycelium material comprises the steps of mixing and culturing a hemp stalk culture material and ganoderma lucidum, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol and sodium dodecyl sulfate in deionized water, adding ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate into an organic solvent, dripping a water phase into an oil phase, emulsifying to obtain ethanethiol microcapsules, mixing and culturing pure mycelium materials and ethanethiol microcapsules, and demolding to obtain the fire alarm mycelium material. According to the invention, through mycelium biological assembly and microcapsule embedding fixation technology, the intrinsic integration of a material structure and an early warning function is realized, so that the material becomes a sensing unit. The material utilizes microcapsule temperature triggering rupture characteristics and the extremely low smell threshold of ethanethiol, and realizes rapid and active fire early warning without external energy.

Inventors

• LIN LIN
• SHI JUNYOU
• CHENG WEIJIE
• ZHANG JIAN
• WANG QINGPING
• JIANG TIANYAO
• Jing Jinghuizi
• WANG RONGYU

Assignees

• 北华大学
• 山东理工大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260204

Claims (10)

1. 1. A fire alarm mycelium material is characterized by comprising hemp stalk, ganoderma lucidum, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, ethanethiol, polymethyl methacrylate and an organic solvent.
2. 2. A method for preparing the fire alarm mycelium material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: s1, taking hemp stalks for pretreatment to obtain a hemp stalk culture material; s2, mixing the hemp stalk culture material with ganoderma lucidum by a wrapping method, and placing the mixture into a sterilized plastic bag for culture to obtain a pure mycelium material; s3, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol and sodium dodecyl sulfate in deionized water to obtain a water phase; s4, adding ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate into an organic solvent, and fully mixing to form an oil phase; s5, dripping the water phase into an oil phase, stirring by using a homogenizer to form O/W emulsion, and filtering, purifying, washing by using ionized water and drying to obtain the ethanethiol microcapsule; S6, mixing the pure mycelium material and the ethanethiol microcapsule according to the mass ratio of 9:1-2, placing the mixture into a mould, culturing the mixture in a constant temperature and humidity incubator to form a three-dimensional network structure fixed mixture, continuously culturing the mixture after demoulding to enhance the mycelium crosslinking density, and drying the mixture to obtain the fire alarm mycelium material.
3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the moisture content of the hemp stalk compost in S1 is 60% -65% and the PH is 6-7.
4. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the inoculum size of the ganoderma lucidum based on the hemp stalk compost in S2 is 0.01-0.04g/cm 3 .
5. 5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and deionized water in S3 is 3:4:400.
6. 6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate in S4 is 4.5-5.5:1.
7. 7. The method according to claim 2, wherein the organic solvent in S4 is dichloromethane.
8. 8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the stirring in S5 is carried out at a speed of 2500-3000rpm.
9. 9. The method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator in S6 is 25-27 ℃ and the relative humidity is 45%.
10. 10. Use of the fire alarm mycelium material according to claim 1 in the field of self-reacting fire alarms.

Description

Fire alarm mycelium material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of fire alarm materials, and particularly relates to a fire alarm mycelium material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Traditional fire alarm materials mainly rely on smoke sensing and photosensitive technologies to judge fire. However, the two modes have obvious limitations that smoke sensing early warning needs to wait for smoke to diffuse to the rear of the detector to trigger, has slow fire response to fast spreading open fire or extremely small smoke generation amount, and meanwhile, has higher false alarm rate, is extremely easy to cause false alarm due to common non-fire factors such as cooking oil smoke, water vapor and the like in daily environment, and even enables a user to actively close an alarm system to embed serious potential safety hazards. The sensitization early warning relies on the capture of flame ultraviolet or infrared radiation by a detector, can not effectively identify smoldering fire sources or fire conditions shielded by obstacles, is easily influenced by interference sources such as electric welding, lightning and the like, and generates false alarm. Currently, fire alarm technology is continually evolving along an "earlier, more accurate, more intelligent" direction. In the field of traditional sensors, the refinement and improvement of photoelectric and temperature-sensing sensors become important, and the smoke recognition capability and the system reliability are remarkably improved by optimizing the optical labyrinth structure and improving the precision of the thermosensitive element. The multi-sensor fusion technology has become the mainstream of industry, integrates smoke sensing, temperature sensing and gas sensing units into a single device, realizes multi-source information cross verification through an intelligent algorithm, and greatly improves fire disaster identification accuracy and type discrimination capability. In the front exploration level, the gas sensing technology aims at capturing characteristic gases generated by extremely early fire, and the intelligent analysis technology based on computer vision expands the dimension of fire perception through real-time analysis of flame spectrum and smoke dynamics. However, the prior art system has the essential limitation that the fire disaster sensing always depends on an additional independent sensor, and the building body material is still in a 'dumb' state, so that the structural and functional rupture restricts the breakthrough development of the fire disaster early warning to the intrinsic and distributed directions. Existing researches similar to the fire alarm microcapsule mycelium material mainly spread around the intrinsic intelligent early warning material, and are specifically expressed as three technical paths: The thermochromic flame-retardant material realizes temperature-triggered color change by introducing the thermally-responsive microcapsule into the matrix, and has the capability of analyzing fire after the fact. However, this "passive indication" feature makes it impossible to achieve early warning, and the function is limited to post-disaster assessment. The conductive polymer composite material utilizes a conductive network formed by the filler and a positive temperature effect thereof to realize fire alarm through resistance mutation. Although breaking through the limitation of passive warning, the problems of the non-sustainability of petroleum-based materials, the complexity of filler dispersion technology and long-term reliability limit the practical application prospect. The intelligent fireproof coating tries to integrate the sensing function on the basis of the traditional expansion system, and the dual effects of protection and early warning are pursued. However, the nature of the overcoat makes it difficult to form an intrinsic fusion with the structural material, and the system complexity and durability remain a challenge to be solved. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a fire alarm mycelium material, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problems that the response of the fire alarm mycelium material is delayed due to dependence on fire byproducts, and the fire alarm mycelium material is cut as an additional functional layer and a building body, so that ultra-early and intrinsic intelligent early warning cannot be realized. The invention provides a fire alarm mycelium material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the fire alarm mycelium material comprises hemp stalk, ganoderma lucidum, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, ethanethiol, polymethyl methacrylate and an organic solvent. The preparation method of the fire alarm mycelium material comprises the following steps: s1, taking hemp stalks for pretreatment to obtain a h