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CN-121992026-A - Application of TabHLH gene in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants

CN121992026ACN 121992026 ACN121992026 ACN 121992026ACN-121992026-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of TabHLH gene in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants, wherein homologous genes of three subgenomic groups of TabHLH gene respectively correspond to GenBank numbers CM022214.1, CM022215.1 and CM022216.1 in NCBI. According to the invention, through constructing TabHLH over-expression vectors, wheat KN199 is infected by agrobacterium tumefaciens to obtain over-expression plants, and wheat KN199 is directionally edited by using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to obtain a TabHLH functional deletion mutant material. The instantaneous nitrogen signal induction shows that TabHLH27 can be expressed by nitrogen induction, the water culture experiment result shows that compared with the wild KN199, the over-expression material has more developed root system, and the TabHLH functional deletion mutant has weaker root system development and loses the response to low nitrogen. That is to say, tabHLH gene can respond to the change of nitrogen level and promote the root system development of wheat, thereby providing gene resources for crop nitrogen efficient breeding.

Inventors

  • XIAO JUN
  • Dai Qirui
  • LIN XUELEI
  • WANG XIAOHAN
  • ZHOU YUXIN
  • WANG DONGZHI

Assignees

  • 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260303

Claims (8)

  1. The application of the TabHLH 7 gene in improving the nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants is characterized in that the nucleotide sequences of homologous genes TabHLH-2A, tabHLH-2B, tabHLH-2D of three subgenomic genes of the TabHLH gene are respectively shown as SEQ ID NO. 1-3.
  2. 2. The use according to claim 1, wherein by constructing TabHLH27 over-expression vectors, over-expression plants with high nitrogen utilization efficiency are obtained.
  3. 3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the high nitrogen utilization efficiency is represented by the fact that the root system development of the TabHLH gene over-expressed plant is superior to that of the wild type plant.
  4. 4. Use according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plant is wheat.
  5. 5. The use according to claim 3, wherein TabHLH gene participates in the regulation of nitrogen utilization efficiency by affecting nutrient absorption and utilization by the root system.
  6. 6. A plant breeding method characterized in that the method is (1) or (2) or (3) below: (1) By increasing the activity of TabHLH protein in the target plant, obtaining a plant with nitrogen utilization efficiency stronger than that of the target plant; (2) By promoting the expression of TabHLH gene in target plant, obtaining plant with nitrogen utilization efficiency higher than that of target plant; The nucleotide sequences of homologous genes TabHLH-2A, tabHLH27-2B, tabHLH-2D of three subgenomic groups of TabHLH genes are respectively shown as SEQ ID NO. 1-3, and the amino acid sequences of TabHLH proteins are respectively shown as SEQ ID NO. 4-6.
  7. 7. The plant breeding method according to claim 6, wherein the objective plant is wheat.
  8. 8. The method of plant breeding according to claim 6, wherein the means for promoting expression of TabHLH gene in the plant of interest is over-expression TabHLH gene.

Description

Application of TabHLH gene in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to application of TabHLH gene in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants. Background Nitrogen is an important nutrient in the growth and development of crops. The nitrogenous fertilizer can greatly improve crop yield, and in wheat and rice, the plant height can be obviously increased by applying the nitrogenous fertilizer, so that plants are lodged, and crop yield is reduced. To overcome this problem, breeders have grown cultivars that are low stalk nitrogen insensitive. Mutation of Reduced height-1 (Rht-1) gene endows short stalk characteristic of wheat, and can not obviously increase plant height under the condition of applying nitrogen fertilizer, thereby improving wheat yield. However, these dwarf varieties have lower nitrogen utilization efficiency (Nitrogen Use Efficiency, NUE) and higher nitrogen fertilizer inputs can only achieve limited yield improvement. Only 40 to 50 percent of the applied nitrogenous fertilizer is absorbed and utilized by crops, and a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is lost. The lost nitrogen generates harmful gases such as NH 3、N2 O and the like through a series of reactions, seriously damages the ecological environment, and can also cause serious acidification of soil and eutrophication of water. Therefore, the use of nitrogenous fertilizer is reduced, the NUE of crops is improved, and the method is important for sustainable development of agriculture. Under the condition of nitrogen fertilizer application reduction, the NUE is greatly influenced by the nitrogen absorption efficiency (NUpE), the root system serves as a main part of the crop for absorbing nitrogen, and the NUE is finally influenced by the capability of absorbing nitrogen. Developed root systems tend to have higher nitrogen utilization efficiency. Crop root systems can respond to nitrate signals to regulate root development processes. Crop root systems exhibit adaptive changes in root system morphology under different nitrogen environments in response to the morphology, content and distribution of nitrogen in the soil, as well as the nitrogen conditions within the plant. This adaptability is particularly pronounced due to the uneven distribution of nitrogen in the soil. Nitrate nitrogen promotes root elongation, and under severe nitrogen deficiency, growth of both main and lateral roots is inhibited. In contrast, in the case of mild nitrogen deficiency, root length may be increased to increase nitrogen absorption capacity. The length and density of root hairs are also regulated and controlled by nitrogen, so that the searching capability of the root system for nutrients is further optimized. Research has reported that some plant hormone related components can regulate the root system structure of crops under different nitrogen. The interaction between the chaperone protein OsNAR2.1 of the high affinity nitrate transporter of rice and OsNIT and OsNIT which promote biosynthesis of main auxin influences the growth of primary roots and lateral roots of rice. RNR10 negatively regulates the response of rice root systems to nitrogen by stabilizing auxin biosynthesis inhibitor DNR 1. rnr10 enhances root response to nitrogen and increases grain yield under different nitrogen treatments. In rice, transcription factor Nhd1 not only regulates flowering time, but also promotes root growth and nitrogen utilization by activating osnrt2.4 and osamt1.3. In wheat, the homologous gene TaTAR2.1 of Arabidopsis TAR2 alters lateral root growth by regulating auxin synthesis. Under different nitrogen conditions, overexpression of TaTAR2.1 significantly promoted lateral root growth and grain yield. Furthermore, mutants of nitrate transporter tanpf2.12, bZIP family transcription factors OsbZIP1 and ZmTGA in wheat, rice and maize all showed an increase in root length under low nitrogen conditions. In view of the adverse effect of the large amount of nitrogen fertilizer on ecological environment, key genes involved in the development of root systems of nitrogen response are excavated, the transgenic technology is utilized to create transgenic materials for further researching the gene functions and the action mechanisms of the gene materials for regulating and controlling the development of the root systems by excavating the nitrogen signals of wheat, and a solid research foundation is provided for creating and cultivating wheat varieties with high-efficiency nitrogen utilization. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an application of TabHLH gene in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is summarized as follows: Homologous genes of three subgenomic groups of TabHLH genes adopted by the invention respectively correspond to GenBank