CN-121992115-A - Application of SNP molecular marker affecting feed conversion rate of large white pigs

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal molecular breeding, and particularly relates to application of SNP molecular markers affecting feed conversion rate of large white pigs, wherein the SNP molecular markers are at least one of nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NO.1, C or T is the nucleotide at a 101bp site, G or A is the nucleotide at a 101bp site is the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.3, and the application refers to any one of identifying the feed conversion rate of the large white pigs and improving the feed utilization rate of offspring of the large white pigs. According to the invention, two brand new SNP molecular markers are identified on the big white pigs for the first time, and are obviously related to the feed conversion rate. Based on the marker, early and accurate feed efficiency identification and breeding can be carried out on the white pigs, and offspring with lower feed conversion rate can be effectively cultivated by screening individuals carrying excellent genotypes as parents.

Inventors

• CHEN HONGBO
• LI WANGJIAO
• DENG TINGXIAN
• ZHOU HUANHUAN
• HE XINLONG
• DENG KEN

Assignees

• 武汉轻工大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260309

Claims (5)

1. 1. The application of SNP molecular markers affecting the feed conversion rate of large white pigs, which is characterized in that the SNP molecular markers are at least one of the following ① and ②: ① The nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1, the nucleotide at the 101bp locus is C or T; ② The nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.3, the nucleotide at the 101bp locus is G or A; the application refers to any one of the following (1) and (2): (1) Identifying the feed conversion rate of the large white pigs; (2) The feed utilization rate of the offspring of the large white pigs is improved.
2. 2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the method for identifying the feed conversion rate of a large white pig is as follows: extracting genome DNA of a large white pig to be detected, and sequencing; determining the genotype of the big white pig at the 101 th bp of SEQ ID NO.1 or SEQ ID NO. 3; If the genotype is at least one of the following A) and B), the large white pig is at a low feed conversion rate, wherein the low feed conversion rate refers to a feed conversion rate not higher than 2.61; A) The genotype at the 101 th bp of SEQ ID NO.1 is TT; b) The genotype at 101bp of SEQ ID NO.3 is AA.
3. 3. The use of claim 1, wherein the method for improving the utilization rate of the offspring feed of the large white pigs comprises the following steps: extracting genome DNA of a large white pig to be detected, and sequencing; determining the genotype of the big white pig at the 101 th bp of SEQ ID NO.1 or SEQ ID NO. 3; selecting a large white pig individual carrying at least one of genotypes shown in a) and c) as a parent for breeding, so that the feed utilization rate of the offspring of the large white pig can be improved; a) The genotype at the 101 th bp of SEQ ID NO.1 is TT; b) The genotype at 101bp of SEQ ID NO.3 is AA.
4. 4. The use according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the genomic DNA is derived from any one of ear tissue, hair follicle and blood of a white pig.
5. 5. The use according to claim 1, wherein the feed conversion rate is: ratio of total weight of feed consumed by the large white pigs to total weight gain of the large white pigs during fattening.

Description

Application of SNP molecular marker affecting feed conversion rate of large white pigs Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of animal molecular breeding, and particularly relates to application of SNP molecular markers affecting feed conversion rate of large white pigs. Background As global economies develop and populations continue to grow, the farming industry plays a key role in protecting meat supplies. Pigs are one of the domestic animals with the largest feeding amount in the world, and the pig industry is an important component of the domestic animal husbandry and is also the pillar industry for domestic meat production. China is the biggest pork producing country and consuming country worldwide, the population cardinality is large, and the pork consumption demand is continuously high. Meanwhile, as the large-scale development of live pig breeding is continuously expanded, the control of the breeding cost is increasingly and widely focused by industries. In the pig raising cost, the total cost is 50% -85% of the total cost only by the feed investment, and compared with other costs such as veterinary drugs, manpower and the like, the feed cost is the largest. At present, compound feed is commonly used for pig breeding, the demands for crops such as corn, soybean and the like are rising year by year, and the cultivated land resources of China are limited. The utilization efficiency of pig feed is affected by genetic factors and also by environmental factors such as feeding management, but can obtain continuous improvement effect through genetic breeding. Therefore, the improvement of the feed utilization efficiency of pigs by effective breeding means has become an important point in current and future pig breeding work. The improvement of the utilization efficiency of the pig to the feed is not only beneficial to reducing the grain consumption, but also reduces the discharge of the manure and the greenhouse gas, and has important economic, ecological and social benefits. The pigs acquire energy through feeding so as to meet the requirements of life and growth maintenance, and the weight of the ingested feed is the feed intake. The feed utilization efficiency mainly reflects the feed conversion and utilization capacity of pigs, and common indexes comprise feed conversion rate, residual feed intake and the like. Although both definitions and calculation methods are different, feed utilization efficiency is evaluated based on feed intake and weight change. The feed conversion rate, abbreviated as FCR, is the ratio of the total weight of feed consumed in a measurement period to the total increase in animal weight, and is also called "feed conversion rate" in pigs, and the feed utilization efficiency is the reciprocal. The lower the FCR value, the higher the feed utilization efficiency and the lower the cultivation cost. Studies have shown that genetic estimates for traits related to feed efficiency are between 0.27 and 0.46. A study on the 'army No. 1 white pigs' shows that the genetic power of the residual feed intake is about 0.15, which indicates that the pig feed utilization efficiency property belongs to the medium genetic power property genetically. Genomic genetic variation is an important genetic basis for causing individual differences in pigs, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, which are the most common mutation types for genetic variation, account for more than 90% of genomic polymorphisms, and are one of the main factors causing phenotypic differences. The pig feed utilization efficiency trait is also influenced by genetic variation factors, and screening and identifying related candidate genes or genetic variation sites is helpful for improving pig feed utilization efficiency trait by molecular marker assisted selection, and accelerating pig genetic improvement process. At present, a method for positioning genetic variation of complex traits of pigs mainly depends on a candidate gene method and a whole genome correlation analysis technology. The candidate genes are mainly oriented to the development of single-base nucleotide polymorphism related to target traits in known related functional genes, and are mainly obtained by adopting an RFLP-PCR strategy through enzyme segmentation type after PCR amplification of DNA samples of each pig one by one and subsequent correlation analysis based on linkage disequilibrium principle, so that the screening and identification efficiency is low. GWAS is a powerful method for exploring SNP markers associated with a target trait in a whole genome, and has become a mainstream means for genetic analysis of important economic traits of current pigs. The GWAS method can identify the SNP marker of the known gene or screen the SNP marker of the new unknown gene. There are still many problems and disadvantages in the current pig feed utilization efficiency trait related genetic marker screening field: (1) The number of relevant genetic mark