CN-121992134-A - KASP primer group for detecting wheat plant height and yield synergistically improved QTL locus QPH-6A and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant bioengineering, and discloses a KASP primer group for detecting a wheat plant height and yield synergistic improved QTL locus QPH-6A and application thereof, wherein the primer group is designed aiming at SNP loci at 11,164,425 bp of wheat 6A chromosome physical positions and comprises two specific forward primers and a universal reverse primer aiming at different alleles. By using the primer set and the detection method provided by the invention, whether the wheat material carries the QPH-6A excellent allele can be rapidly and accurately identified. The excellent allele has unique 'dwarfing without yield reduction' genetic effect, and can obviously improve thousand seed weight, spike length and spike number while reducing plant height to a suitable lodging resistant range (75-85 cm). The invention solves the problems of excessive dwarf, biomass reduction, premature senility and the like of plants caused by the traditional dwarf gene in arid ecological regions such as Xinjiang and provides a high-efficiency breeding tool for cultivating new varieties of high-yield ideal wheat in arid environments.

Inventors

• SHI JIA
• WANG CHUNSHENG
• XIA JIANQIANG
• HAN JUNJIE
• WANG ZHENLONG
• ZHU JING
• ZHANG PENGPENG
• ZHANG ZEXING
• ZHU YONGHE
• HOU LIJUN
• XU SHENGBAO
• ZHAO ZHUN
• WANG YUFAN
• ZHANG YUEQIANG
• WANG ZHONG
• LI JIANFENG
• ZHANG HONGZHI
• GAO XIN
• WANG LIHONG

Assignees

• 新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260206

Claims (9)

1. 1. A KASP primer group for detecting a wheat plant height and yield synergistic improved QTL locus QPH-6A is characterized by comprising two allele specific forward primers and a universal reverse primer, wherein the nucleotide sequence of the specific forward primer F1 is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, the nucleotide sequence of the specific forward primer F2 is shown as SEQ ID NO. 2, the nucleotide sequence of the universal reverse primer R is shown as SEQ ID NO. 3, the QTL locus QPH-6A is located on a wheat 6A chromosome, the physical position on a IWGSC REFSEQ V1.0.0 reference genome is 11164425 bp, and the locus has G/A single nucleotide polymorphism.
2. 2. A kit for identifying wheat plant height and yield traits comprising the KASP primer set of claim 1.
3. 3. Use of the KASP primer set of claim 1 or the kit of claim 2 in wheat molecular marker assisted breeding.
4. 4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that it is in particular the screening or breeding of wheat varieties with dwarf and high yield traits.
5. 5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the dwarf and high yield trait is that plants carrying the QPH-6A superior allele show a significant decrease in plant height and a significant increase in thousand kernel weight, ear length and/or ear kernel number compared to plants not carrying the QPH-6A superior allele.
6. 6. The use according to claim 3, wherein the use is for breeding wheat varieties suitable for planting in arid and semiarid regions.
7. 7. A method for breeding a novel wheat variety with synergistically improved plant height and yield characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) extracting genome DNA of a wheat material to be tested, (2) carrying out PCR amplification on the DNA to be tested by using the primer set described in claim 1, (3) carrying out fluorescent signal detection on an amplified product, judging that the material to be tested carries a QPH-6A excellent allele if a fluorescent signal corresponding to SEQ ID NO. 2 is detected, predicting that the material to be tested has dwarfed and high-yield phenotype potential, judging that the material to be tested carries a QPH-6A non-excellent allele if a fluorescent signal corresponding to SEQ ID NO. 1 is detected, and (4) selecting the material carrying the QPH-6A excellent allele for seed reservation or hybridization as a parent.
8. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the selection criteria for seed retention or backcrossing in step (4) further comprises a plant height of the selected individual plant in the maturity range of 75cm to 85cm.
9. 9. A method for predicting yield potential of wheat germplasm resources by using the primer set of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the steps of genotyping wheat germplasm resources from different sources by using the primer set, dividing germplasm resources with excellent qPH-6A alleles as detection results into materials with high thousand seed weight and high spike length potential, and dividing germplasm resources with non-excellent qPH-6A alleles as detection results into materials with high plant height and high yield potential to be improved.

Description

KASP primer group for detecting wheat plant height and yield synergistically improved QTL locus QPH-6A and application Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of plant bioengineering, in particular to a KASP primer group for detecting a wheat plant height and yield synergistically improved QTL locus QPH-6A and application thereof. Background Wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) is a key crop for global food safety, and plant height is used as a core agronomic trait for determining plant type structure and yield of the crop, and directly influences lodging resistance and harvest index of the crop. The "green revolution" in the middle of the 20 th century significantly reduced plant height and enhanced lodging resistance by the introduction of gibberellin-insensitive semidwarf genes (mainly Rht-B1B located on the 4B chromosome and Rht-D1B located on the 4D chromosome). However, with the deep breeding practice, the negative effects of the two major genes are increasingly remarkable, namely, the two major genes lead to the shortening of coleoptiles by inhibiting cell elongation, seriously influence the seedling emergence rate and vitality under drought or deep sowing conditions, and particularly, in arid and semiarid ecological areas such as Xinjiang in China, the strong dwarfing effect of Rht-B1B/D1B often leads to the over-dwarf, premature senility and remarkable reduction of biomass of plants, difficulty in supporting the construction of high-yield groups and limit the adaptability of the plants in specific ecological environments. In order to overcome the defects of the traditional Rht gene, novel dwarf genes which are gibberellin-sensitive and have no negative effect on yield are mined as breeding hot spots, wherein 6A chromosomes are paid attention to because of rich genetic variation. However, breaking the negative correlation linkage (Trade-off) of "dwarfing resulting in reduced yield" is always a difficulty in wheat breeding. In the prior art, although reports about 6A chromosome plant height QTL (such as QTL located on 6A chromosome long arm) are provided, researches show that dwarf alleles of the loci are often accompanied with adverse effects such as thousand seed weight reduction, spike length shortening and the like. The character correlation of the 'this elimination of the cross' makes it difficult for breeders to maintain or promote the productivity of single plants while reducing the plant height by using the 'this elimination of the cross', and limits the practical application value of the sites in high-yield breeding. In addition, for the plant height site study of the 6A chromosome short arm and other regions, most of the target genes are located in a region with a large physical distance span (such as an Mb level) through whole genome association analysis (GWAS), and fine localization of key functional sites (QTN) is lacking. Because of the large and complex wheat genome, regions with physical distances of several Mb may contain completely different gene clusters and the linkage disequilibrium decays faster. In the prior art, a practical molecular marker which can accurately anchor excellent allelic variation and is closely linked with a dwarfing-yield increasing synergistic effect is lacking. In practical breeding, auxiliary selection is performed by using flanking markers in a wide range, so that false positive results are easily generated due to chromosome exchange, and the selection efficiency is low. In view of the above, the current wheat molecular breeding field needs to develop a novel genetic resource which can replace Rht-B1B/D1B, adapt to drought ecological environment, and realize 'moderate dwarfing without yield reduction' or even synergistic yield increase. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention aims to provide a KASP primer group for detecting the wheat plant height and yield synergistically improved QTL locus QPH-6A and application thereof, and the wheat germplasm carrying excellent alleles of QPH-6A is screened out by developing an accurate molecular marker detection primer group, so that the thousand seed weight, the spike length and the spike number are obviously improved while the plant height is reduced, and ideal plant type high-yield wheat new varieties suitable for being planted in Xinjiang and arid semiarid regions are cultivated. The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means: In a first aspect, the invention provides a KASP primer group for detecting a wheat plant height and yield synergistic modified QTL locus QPH-6A, which is characterized by comprising two allele-specific forward primers and a universal reverse primer, wherein the nucleotide sequence of the specific forward primer F1 is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, the nucleotide sequence of the specific forward primer F2 is shown as SEQ ID NO. 2, the nucleotide sequence of the universal reverse primer R is shown as SEQ ID NO. 3, the QTL locus QPH-6A is located on