CN-121992160-A - System and method for determining reasonable operation parameters of multi-medium injection blast furnace

CN121992160ACN 121992160 ACN121992160 ACN 121992160ACN-121992160-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for determining reasonable operation parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace, and belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking. Solves the technical problem that the operation parameters of the blast furnace tuyere cannot be accurately set under the multi-medium injection condition. According to the technical scheme, a material thermodynamic database is constructed, a plurality of functional modules are integrated into data input, molten iron component calculation, slag composition calculation, slag desulfurization checking calculation, furnace belly gas calculation, air volume calculation, top gas composition calculation, injection gas treatment, material balance calculation, heat balance calculation, top gas temperature calculation, theoretical combustion temperature calculation and iterative solution, so that blast furnace smelting data input, element conservation and energy conservation based calculation parameters are realized, and reasonable operation parameters are obtained through iterative optimization. The method has the technical effects of improving the scientificity and accuracy of operation parameter setting, helping blast furnace design and operation optimization, ensuring stable and smooth operation and promoting the development of low-carbon iron-making technology.

Inventors

NIU QUN
ZOU ZHONGPING
ZHENG JUN
ZHAO YUNJIAN
XU JUN
WANG GANG
FAN XUEFENG
TONG XIN
LI XISONG

Assignees

中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司
中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251211

Claims (19)

1. The system for determining reasonable operation parameters of the multi-medium injection blast furnace is characterized by comprising a material thermodynamic database, a data input module, a molten iron component calculation module, a slag composition calculation module, a slag desulfurization capability checking calculation module, a furnace belly gas calculation module, an air quantity calculation module, a furnace top gas composition calculation module, an injection gas treatment calculation module, a material balance calculation module, a heat balance calculation module, a furnace top gas temperature calculation module, a theoretical combustion temperature calculation module and an iteration solving calculation module; The material thermodynamic database is used for storing thermodynamic data of different materials and chemical reactions; The data input module is used for inputting blast furnace smelting data; the molten iron component calculation module is used for calculating the contents of Mn, P and C in molten iron; the slag composition calculation module is used for calculating each composition and content of slag; the slag desulfurization ability checking module is used for checking slag desulfurization ability; The furnace belly gas calculation module is used for calculating the composition and content of the furnace belly gas; The air quantity calculation module is used for calculating ton iron consumption air quantity; the furnace top gas composition calculation module is used for calculating each composition and content of the furnace top gas; The injection gas treatment calculation module is used for calculating the composition and the content of each injection gas; The material balance calculation module is used for calculating the income and the balance of each material; the heat balance calculation module is used for calculating various heat balance; the furnace top gas temperature calculation module is used for calculating the temperature of the furnace top gas; the theoretical combustion temperature calculation module is used for calculating the theoretical combustion temperature under the adiabatic condition; The iterative solution calculation module is used for carrying out iterative solution based on preset constraint conditions to obtain reasonable operation parameters of the blast furnace.
2. The system for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace of claim 1, wherein said injection gas treatment calculation module is configured to calculate injection gas composition based on a decarburization type, said decarburization type comprising dry decarburization or wet decarburization.
3. A method for determining reasonable operation parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, inputting blast furnace smelting data; S2, calculating the ore consumption of smelting one ton of molten iron based on conservation of Fe element; s3, calculating the contents of Mn, P and C in molten iron based on conservation of elements; s4, calculating the addition amount of the solvent according to the preset binary basicity CaO/SiO 2 of the slag; S5, calculating each composition and content of slag by conservation of materials; s6, checking and calculating the slag desulfurization capacity according to slag components; S7, calculating the composition and content of the furnace belly gas according to the type of the tuyere injection medium and the ton iron loss air quantity; s8, calculating ton iron consumption air quantity according to conservation of carbon C and oxygen O elements; s9, calculating each composition and content of the top gas according to each direct reduction reaction amount and each indirect reduction reaction amount in the blast furnace; S10, calculating the composition and content of each injected gas according to the requirements of decarburization and denitrification of the injected gas at the tuyere and the injection quantity; s11, calculating the income and the output of each material according to the consumption and the output of each material; s12, calculating the heat quantity of each reaction according to the heat consumption of each reaction and a material thermodynamic database; S13, calculating the temperature of the top gas according to the balance of heat balance; S14, calculating the theoretical combustion temperature of the adiabatic condition according to the thermal balance of the tuyere region; And S15, carrying out iterative solution based on preset constraint conditions until all constraint conditions are met to obtain reasonable operation parameters of the blast furnace.
4. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein the blast furnace smelting data comprises raw fuel components, furnace charge structures, coal injection structures, injection gas components, furnace charging temperatures of various materials, solvent components, slag binary alkalinity CaO/SiO 2 , molten iron temperatures and molten iron silicon Si, sulfur S, titanium Ti and vanadium V contents, wherein the various materials comprise ores, coal dust, coke, solvents, coal dust, injection gas, hot air and oxygen enrichment; Reasonable operation parameters of the tuyere multi-medium injection blast furnace are obtained based on the blast furnace smelting data, the smelting behavior characteristics in the furnace, the conservation of substances, the conservation of energy and the reasonable constraint of key parameters of the blast furnace; The injection gas is one or a combination of more of natural gas, coke oven gas, converter gas decarburization gas, blast furnace top gas decarburization gas, hydrogen and ammonia; The furnace burden is one or a combination of more of sintering, pelletizing, lump ore, direct reduced iron and scrap steel; The pulverized coal is one or a combination of a plurality of pulverized coal used for blast furnace smelting; The solvent comprises at least one of an acidic solvent and a basic solvent.
5. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of the multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S2, calculating the consumption of smelting one ton of molten iron ore based on conservation of Fe element comprises calculating ton iron ore consumption based on conservation of Fe element according to preset Fe content of the molten iron, calculating Mn and P contents in the molten iron based on ton iron ore consumption and conservation of element, calculating C content in the molten iron according to temperature of the molten iron and Si, mn, P, S, ti and V components in the molten iron, calculating Fe content of the molten iron according to C, si, mn, P, S, ti, V content in the molten iron, and comparing with the preset Fe content of the molten iron to obtain the consumption of smelting one ton of molten iron ore under equal conditions; Based on the composition of the raw fuel, calculating the contents of Fe 2 O 3 、Fe 3 O 4 and FeO in iron oxide charged into a furnace for smelting one ton of molten iron; and calculating the carbon quantity consumed by each direct reduction of one ton of molten iron and the CO quantity produced according to Si, mn, P, S, ti, V content and Fe direct reduction degree in the molten iron.
6. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S3, the carbon C content in the molten iron is calculated by adopting the formula: in the formula, 、、、、 And Respectively comprises C, P, si, S, mn mass percent of Ti and C, P, si, S, mn mass percent of Ti in molten iron, The unit is the molten iron temperature.
7. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S4, the ratio of CaO/SiO 2 in the binary basicity of the slag is 0.9-1.3.
8. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S5, caO, caS, siO 2 、MgO、Al 2 O 3 、TiO 2 、V 2 O 5 and FeO contents and total slag amount in slag generated by smelting one ton of molten iron are calculated by material conservation and binary basicity of the slag.
9. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S6, the alkalinity and sulfur content of the slag are calculated according to the composition and content of the slag, the desulfurization performance of the slag is judged, and if the desulfurization requirement of the blast furnace smelting is not met, the binary basicity CaO/SiO 2 of the slag is adjusted until the requirement is met.
10. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S7, the composition and the content of the furnace belly gas for smelting one ton of molten iron are calculated based on conservation of N element, H element and O element according to smelting characteristics of CO, H 2 and N 2 of the gas leaving a tuyere convolution zone; The direct reduction degree r d of iron oxide reduction is calculated based on the amount of the furnace gas and the CO content and H 2 content thereof.
11. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of the multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S8, the carbon quantity for smelting one ton of molten iron tuyere combustion is calculated based on conservation of carbon element; and calculating the air quantity required by smelting one ton of molten iron based on oxygen conservation.
12. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of the multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S9, the amount of CO consumed by indirect reduction of one ton of molten iron for smelting, the amount of H 2 , the amount of generated CO 2 and the amount of H 2 O are calculated based on the indirect reduction degree of Fe, H 2 and the indirect reduction characteristics of CO; Preset top gas H 2 O/(H 2 +H 2 O) is in the range of 30% -45% and calculates hot reserve gas H 2 O/(H 2 +H 2 O) and CO 2 /(CO 2 +CO);H 2 O/(H 2 +H 2 O) to be no more than 40% and CO 2 /(CO 2 +co) to be no more than 35%.
13. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of the multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S9, the composition and the total amount of one ton of molten iron top gas CO 2 、CO、H 2 、H 2 O、N 2 are calculated based on mass conservation according to the composition of the furnace belly gas, the amount of CO generated by direct reduction, the amount of consumed CO and H 2 by indirect reduction, the amount of CO 2 and H 2 O generated by indirect reduction, and the content of H 2 O in coke, solvent and ore, and the S content of one ton of molten iron entering the top gas is calculated according to the sulfur load and the smelting characteristics of sulfur in the furnace.
14. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S10, if the injection gas is decarbonized converter gas or blast furnace top gas decarbonizing gas, the injection gas component is calculated according to the decarbonizing type, the decarbonizing type is dry decarbonizing or wet decarbonizing, and if the nitrogen content of the injection gas is high, the injection gas component after denitrification is calculated according to the denitrification device capacity.
15. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S11, the mass of each material of the blast furnace is calculated based on mass conservation for smelting one ton of molten iron.
16. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S12, each heat transfer amount of molten iron smelting one ton is calculated according to the chemical reaction characteristics in the blast furnace and the heat dissipation amount of the furnace body.
17. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S13, the top gas temperature is calculated based on conservation of energy.
18. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S14, theoretical combustion temperature is calculated according to the characteristics of the tuyere zone smelting gas products of CO and H 2 、N 2 only and the zone heat balance.
19. The method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace according to claim 3, wherein in S15, constraint conditions comprise that the furnace belly gas amount is 1100-1300 Nm 3 /t, the theoretical combustion temperature is 1800-2300 ℃, the furnace top gas temperature is 100-300 ℃, the relative heat balance error is not more than 0.01%, and the material balance error is zero.

Description

System and method for determining reasonable operation parameters of multi-medium injection blast furnace Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and relates to a system and a method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-medium injection blast furnace. Background Currently, the steel industry commonly adopts novel low-carbon technologies such as replacing carbon with hydrogen, replacing coal with gas, replacing coke with gas and the like, and aims to remarkably reduce the carbon emission intensity. With the development of blast furnace ironmaking technology to the low carbonization direction, the blast furnace tuyere injection medium is gradually expanded into a complex mode of simultaneously injecting various mediums such as hot air, coal powder, carbon monoxide-rich gas, hydrogen-rich gas, methane-rich gas and the like from the traditional hot air and coal powder. The multi-medium injection process effectively reduces the fuel ratio and the carbon emission, simultaneously remarkably increases the complexity of the physicochemical process in the blast furnace, and provides a serious challenge for setting and optimizing the operation parameters of the blast furnace. The traditional blast furnace operation parameter determination method is mainly based on an empirical model and balance calculation of single injection medium such as coal dust, and is difficult to accurately reflect complex material flow, energy flow and chemical reaction coupling behavior in a furnace under the condition of multi-medium injection. Especially when the blast furnace is used for blowing natural gas, coke oven gas, converter gas decarburization gas, furnace top gas decarburization gas of the blast furnace, hydrogen, ammonia and other carbon monoxide-rich or hydrogen-rich gas, the variation rules of key parameters such as theoretical combustion temperature before a tuyere, gas volume of a furnace belly, temperature of the furnace top gas and the like are obvious from the traditional operation, and an effective systematic method is lacked for prediction and regulation. The technical bottleneck severely restricts the stable smooth operation and energy efficiency optimization of the low-carbon blast furnace, and becomes a main technical problem facing blast furnace designers and operators. Therefore, a technical scheme capable of systematically determining reasonable operation parameters of the multi-medium injection blast furnace is urgently needed, accurate theoretical basis and data support are provided for blast furnace model design, process optimization and field operation, and efficient and stable operation of the blast furnace under low-carbon smelting conditions is guaranteed. Disclosure of Invention Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for determining reasonable operating parameters of a multi-media injection blast furnace. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The system for determining reasonable operation parameters of the multi-medium injection blast furnace comprises a material thermodynamic database, a data input module, a molten iron component calculation module, a slag composition calculation module, a slag desulfurization capability checking calculation module, a furnace belly gas calculation module, an air quantity calculation module, a furnace top gas composition calculation module, an injection gas treatment calculation module, a material balance calculation module, a heat balance calculation module, a furnace top gas temperature calculation module, a theoretical combustion temperature calculation module and an iteration solution calculation module; The material thermodynamic database is used for storing thermodynamic data of different materials and chemical reactions; The data input module is used for inputting blast furnace smelting data; the molten iron component calculation module is used for calculating the contents of Mn, P and C in molten iron; the slag composition calculation module is used for calculating each composition and content of slag; the slag desulfurization ability checking module is used for checking slag desulfurization ability; The furnace belly gas calculation module is used for calculating the composition and content of the furnace belly gas; The air quantity calculation module is used for calculating ton iron consumption air quantity; the furnace top gas composition calculation module is used for calculating each composition and content of the furnace top gas; The injection gas treatment calculation module is used for calculating the composition and the content of each injection gas; The material balance calculation module is used for calculating the income and the balance of each material; the heat balance calculation module is used for calculating various heat balance; the furnace top gas temperature cal