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CN-121992239-A - Shell-structure-imitated ceramic composite material and preparation method and application thereof

CN121992239ACN 121992239 ACN121992239 ACN 121992239ACN-121992239-A

Abstract

The application relates to the field of ceramic composite materials, in particular to a shell-like ceramic composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps of (S.1) providing slurry containing ceramic particles and metal alloy particles which are subjected to surface functionalization and have magnetic responsiveness; (S.2) orientation arrangement of particles in the slurry under a rotating magnetic field through magnetic field auxiliary slip casting to form a green body with a layered structure, and (S.3) spark plasma sintering of the green body to obtain the compact shell-like structure ceramic composite material. The composite material with the shell-like layered structure is successfully prepared by combining the magnetic field auxiliary slip casting and the spark plasma sintering process, so that the fracture toughness and the bending strength of the material are remarkably improved, and the defects of high brittleness and low reliability of the traditional ceramic material are effectively overcome.

Inventors

  • GUAN LIZHI
  • ZHANG YE
  • MING XINWEI
  • LI YAN
  • WU HUAZHONG

Assignees

  • 杭州市北京航空航天大学国际创新研究院(北京航空航天大学国际创新学院)

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20251217

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the shell-like ceramic composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (s.1) providing a slurry comprising ceramic particles and metal alloy particles that are surface functionalized to have magnetic responsiveness; (S.2) aligning particles in the slurry under a rotating magnetic field by magnetic field auxiliary slip casting to form a green body with a layered structure; and (S.3) performing spark plasma sintering on the green body to obtain the compact shell-like structure ceramic composite material.
  2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The ceramic particles are alumina micron sheets, and the metal alloy particles are aluminum-silicon alloy particles.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The aluminum-silicon alloy is an AlSi10Mg alloy.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The slurry also comprises a dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In the magnetic field auxiliary grouting molding, the strength of the rotating magnetic field is 5-20mT.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The spark plasma sintering is carried out in a vacuum environment, the sintering temperature is 1000-1400 ℃, the pressure is 30-50MPa, and the heat preservation time is 20-40 minutes.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The surface functionalization includes adsorption of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The metal alloy particles are formed into a sheet structure by ball milling.
  9. 9. A shell-like ceramic composite material, characterized in that it is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the composite material has a layered structure in which ceramic phases and metal alloy phases are alternately distributed, and the fracture toughness is not lower than 10 MPa.
  10. 10. Use of a shell-like ceramic composite material according to claim 9 in artificial joints, bone repair materials or aerospace structural parts.

Description

Shell-structure-imitated ceramic composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of ceramic composite materials, in particular to a shell-like ceramic composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Alumina ceramic materials have been an important place in biomedical and engineering structural fields, which has been an ideal choice for implants such as artificial joints, dental implants, etc. due to their excellent biocompatibility, high hardness and good chemical stability. However, such materials have always faced a fundamental contradiction in practical use that inherent brittleness results in insufficient fracture toughness, making them susceptible to sudden fracture when subjected to impact or cyclic loading, which severely limits their reliability and service life in load-bearing critical components. In nature, the unique structure of the shell provides a sense of inspiration for breaking the difficult problem, namely a typical 'brick-mud' layered design, wherein up to 95% of rigid aragonite platelets and 5% of flexible biopolymer interfaces are alternately arranged, and energy is efficiently dissipated through various mechanisms such as crack deflection, lamellar extraction and the like, so that the shell has high strength and high toughness. The biological heuristic approach has induced multiple bionic preparation technologies, but the existing method has significant limitations in the aspects of microstructure precise control, interface performance and comprehensive mechanical property balance. The freeze casting technology is used as a representative method for early bionic preparation, ice crystal growth is induced by directionally freezing ceramic suspension to form a directional pore structure, and then the layered composite material is obtained through impregnation. Although the method can realize certain structural anisotropism, the preparation period is long, the freezing rate is difficult to control accurately, and the material is high in porosity and insufficient in densification degree. More importantly, the platelet orientation formed in the freezing process has larger randomness and poor layer thickness uniformity, and the interface bonding strength after the polymer is immersed is weaker, so that the peeling is easy to occur at the interface, and the actual toughening effect is far lower than the theoretical expectation. Although research is being attempted to improve the density in combination with the hot pressing process, the increase in process complexity brings new problems of cost increase and difficulty in mass production. On the other hand, the cumulative rolling and impregnation method orients the sheet-like particles by mechanical rolling and folding operations, and then constructs a layered composite by resin impregnation. The method is relatively simple in process and is suitable for preparing a plane structure, for example, the method can show certain toughness improvement in a dental restoration material. However, it is limited in that it is difficult to process a complex three-dimensional shape, internal defects or delamination are easily introduced by multiple rolling, and the inter-layer spacing control accuracy is low, resulting in poor structural consistency. More importantly, the method relies on the polymer as an interfacial phase, and the thermal stability and durability of the polymer are poor in high temperature or severe chemical environment, so that the application possibility of the material in the field of high temperature engineering is limited. The advent of additive manufacturing technology has brought higher degrees of freedom for biomimetic structural design, especially 3D printing enables complex macroscopic geometry customization. The scaffold structure may be pre-designed by digital light processing or direct write molding techniques, etc., in combination with post-treatment impregnation techniques. Some studies have also attempted to introduce magnetic or electric fields during printing in an attempt to regulate particle orientation. However, in the prior art, there is an inherent conflict between printing accuracy and microstructure control, increasing printing resolution tends to mean decreasing the reinforcing phase content, while increasing the solids content affects ink flow and formation quality. In addition, the problems of interlayer bonding weakness and inherent porosity generated during printing are difficult to completely avoid, resulting in the density and interfacial strength of the final material often not meeting the structural requirements. Despite research into improving performance by metal impregnation or fiber embedding, the high cost and complexity of the process remain obstacles for large scale applications. Although there are many ways to prepare shell-like ceramic composites, there are shortcomings in structural control accur