CN-121992242-A - Metal ceramic cutter, preparation method thereof and gear machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal ceramic cutter with high hardness, strong binding force between a coating and a matrix and good service performance, a preparation method thereof and a gear processing method. The preparation method of the metal ceramic cutter comprises the following steps of mixing raw material powder for generating a matrix with a forming additive through ball milling, then pressing and forming to obtain a pressed compact, wherein the raw material powder comprises titanium carbonitride powder, at least two metal carbide powders, at least two metal boride powders and metal binding phase powder, step 200, sintering the pressed compact to obtain the matrix, and step 300, depositing a multi-element metal boride target on the surface of the matrix through a magnetron sputtering method to obtain the metal ceramic cutter with a multi-element metal boride coating, wherein the multi-element metal boride target is prepared from the at least two metal borides through hot press sintering.

Inventors

• LIU YI
• LU PAN
• YAN YAN

Assignees

• 成都美奢锐新材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20251231

Claims (10)

1. 1. The preparation method of the metal ceramic cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 100, ball milling and mixing raw material powder for generating a matrix with a forming additive, and then pressing and forming to obtain a pressed compact, wherein the raw material powder comprises titanium carbonitride powder, at least two metal carbide powders, at least two metal boride powders and metal binding phase powder; Step 200, sintering the pressed compact to obtain a matrix; And 300, depositing a multi-element metal boride target material on the surface of a substrate by adopting a magnetron sputtering method to obtain the metal ceramic cutter with the multi-element metal boride coating, wherein the multi-element metal boride target material is prepared by hot-pressing sintering of at least two metal borides.
2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 100, the at least two metal carbide powders are selected from tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide, and tantalum carbide, the at least two metal boride powders are selected from titanium boride, zirconium boride, and tantalum boride, the metal binder phase powder is selected from at least one of cobalt, nickel, and iron, and the molding aid comprises at least one of paraffin, polyethylene glycol, stearic acid, and rubber.
3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step 100, the raw material powder contains 40 to 60 parts by weight of titanium carbonitride powder, 10 to 30 parts by weight of at least two metal carbide powders, 10 to 20 parts by weight of at least two metal boride powders, and 10 to 20 parts by weight of metal binder phase powder.
4. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein in step 100, the titanium carbonitride powder has a particle size of 0.5 to 5. Mu.m, the metal carbide has a particle size of 0.3 to 2. Mu.m, the metal boride has a particle size of 0.8 to 3. Mu.m, and the metal binder has a particle size of 0.6 to 3. Mu.m.
5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 200, the sintering process comprises: Heating to 150-200 ℃ from room temperature under flowing nitrogen or argon atmosphere, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, continuously heating to 300-400 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours, continuously heating to 500-600 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours; Continuously heating to 1450-1550 ℃, introducing argon to enable the pressure in the furnace to reach 5-10 MPa, and preserving heat for 1-3 hours.
6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 300, the hot press sintering of the at least two metal borides is performed at 1700-1900 ℃ under an axial pressure of 20-40 MPa for 1-3 hours.
7. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 300, the magnetron sputtering process is performed under an inert atmosphere of 0.3 to 0.8Pa, comprising the steps of: Starting a HiPIMS power supply to act on the multi-element metal boride target, setting the peak power density of the target to be 0.5-2.0 kW/cm <2 >, and the pulse frequency to be 50-200 Hz, and simultaneously applying high negative pulse bias voltage of minus 800-1200V to a substrate for 10-20 minutes; Keeping the HiPIMS power supply on or switching to a direct current magnetron sputtering mode, setting the initial bias voltage to be-150 to-200V, and depositing for 10-20 minutes, and then linearly reducing or stepwise reducing the bias voltage to be-80 to-100V, and depositing for 20-40 minutes; and maintaining the substrate bias at-40 to-60V, and continuing to deposit for 30-60 minutes.
8. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises performing electrochemical corrosion treatment on the substrate before magnetron sputtering, specifically using 2-5% by mass of dilute nitric acid or dilute sulfuric acid solution as an electrolyte, and performing ultrasonic cleaning and drying after the treatment for 30-120 seconds, wherein the current density is 0.1-0.5A/cm 2 .
9. 9. Cermet tool, characterized in that it is obtainable by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. 10. A gear machining method, characterized in that the cermet cutter according to claim 9 is used for cutting.

Description

Metal ceramic cutter, preparation method thereof and gear machining method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of metal ceramic cutters and gear machining, in particular to a metal ceramic cutter, a preparation method thereof and a gear machining method. Background Precision gears are an integral basic component in modern high-end equipment and precision machinery, and their performance directly determines the precision, efficiency and reliability of the mechanical system. In particular in the field of aerospace, transmission gears of aeroengines work at extremely high rotating speeds and loads, and the machining precision is a key for ensuring absolute reliability of power transmission and guaranteeing equipment service life and directly affects the operation safety of an aircraft. Cutting machining is a key process for manufacturing a precise gear, and the performance of a machining tool is a primary factor influencing the tooth surface machining precision and the surface integrity, so that the final service performance and the reliability of the gear are directly determined. The currently used gear machining tools are mainly conventional WC-Co cemented carbide tools and novel Ti (C, N) -based cermet tools. The Ti (C, N) -based metal ceramic has higher red hardness, lower friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance, so that the service life of the tool is far longer than that of the traditional WC-Co hard alloy, phenomena such as sticking, scratches and the like can be effectively avoided, the excellent surface finish and machining precision of the gear can be ensured, and the excellent performance is shown in gear cutting machining, so that the Ti (C, N) -based metal ceramic is a gear machining tool material with excellent performance. However, with the improvement of gear machining precision and the development of gear materials to high-temperature alloys in the aerospace field, the improvement of the performance of Ti (C, N) -based cermet cutters is highly demanded. The hard coating is coated on the surface of the Ti (C, N) -based metal ceramic cutter, so that the limitation of a metal ceramic matrix can be effectively compensated, the comprehensive cutting performance of the cutter is improved, and the method is an important means for breaking through the performance bottleneck. Currently, conventional coatings are TiAlN coatings and TiB 2 coatings. TiAlN coating has a limited improvement on high-performance gear processing, and the high-hardness TiB 2 coating has more application value in the field. However, the binding force between the TiB 2 coating and the metal ceramic matrix in the cutter prepared by the prior art is weak, so that the service performance of the cutter is poor. Disclosure of Invention The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a metal ceramic cutter with high hardness, strong binding force between a coating and a matrix and good service performance, a preparation method thereof and a gear processing method, wherein the technical scheme is as follows: The preparation method of the metal ceramic cutter comprises the following steps: Step 100, ball milling and mixing raw material powder for generating a matrix with a forming additive, and then pressing and forming to obtain a pressed compact, wherein the raw material powder comprises titanium carbonitride powder, at least two metal carbide powders, at least two metal boride powders and metal binding phase powder; Step 200, sintering the pressed compact to obtain a matrix; And 300, depositing a multi-element metal boride target material on the surface of a substrate by adopting a magnetron sputtering method to obtain the metal ceramic cutter with the multi-element metal boride coating, wherein the multi-element metal boride target material is prepared by hot-pressing sintering of at least two metal borides. The preparation method of the metal ceramic cutter has the advantages that (1) at least two metal borides are introduced into the base material powder, the plastic deformation resistance of the base is directly improved by utilizing the high hardness characteristic (generally higher than that of carbide) of the borides, and meanwhile, the boride phase can inhibit abnormal growth of TiCN crystal grains in the sintering process and refine the crystal grains, so that the dual effects of fine grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening are achieved. (2) The high-hardness multi-element metal boride coating is deposited on the surface of the matrix, and compared with the single TiB 2 coating, the multi-element mixed effect of the multi-element metal boride coating can obviously improve the hardness and the service performance. (3) The method creatively adopts a homologous matching strategy of matrix components and coating target components, namely, the added metal boride in the matrix is consistent with the multielement metal boride target components used for depositing the coa