CN-121992265-A - Tungsten copper composite material forming part and preparation method thereof

CN121992265ACN 121992265 ACN121992265 ACN 121992265ACN-121992265-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a tungsten copper composite material forming part and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal composite materials. The raw materials of the forming part comprise a tungsten source, a copper source and a forming agent, wherein the tungsten source comprises modified tungsten powder and tungsten powder, the forming part is added with an enhanced phase and an activating element to obtain modified tungsten powder, so that wetting and adhesion of the tungsten phase and the copper phase can be promoted, sintering performance of the forming part can be improved, comprehensive performance of the forming part can be improved, the additive forming agent ensures that powder has good fluidity and formability, the problems of poor compression molding formability of large-size tungsten copper blanks and high manufacturing cost are solved, a tungsten copper composite material forming part which is uniform in tissue components, low in cost and easy to form is obtained, the activating element and the enhanced phase are dispersed into the tungsten powder through a ball milling method to obtain modified tungsten powder, the modified tungsten powder and unmodified tungsten powder double-granularity composite powder are added into the forming agent to obtain easy-forming composite powder, and the composite powder can be pressed into large-size tungsten copper green bodies, and the composite powder has the characteristics of low cost, good repeatability, controllable process, raw material saving and the like.

Inventors

ZHANG XIAOCHUAN
SU XUANQIANG
CAO ZHAOHONG
ZHANG JUAN
Qin Shurui
ZHANG ZIHAO
Zhu Zengchao
HAN JIYU

Assignees

陕西中天火箭技术股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251224

Claims (10)

1. A tungsten-copper composite material forming part is characterized in that raw materials of the forming part comprise a tungsten source, a copper source and a forming agent, wherein the total mass of tungsten and copper in the forming part is 100%, the mass fraction of tungsten is 50% -93%, the mass fraction of copper is 7% -50%, and the consumption of the forming agent is 0.5% -6% of the total mass of the tungsten source and the copper source; The tungsten source consists of modified tungsten powder and tungsten powder, wherein the mass fraction of the modified tungsten powder is 50% -80% and the mass fraction of the tungsten powder is 20% -50% based on 100% of the mass of the tungsten source; When the mass fraction of tungsten in the formed piece is more than 85% and the mass fraction of copper is less than 15%, the copper source is copper block, and the dosage of the copper block is 1.2 times of the copper content in the formed piece; When the mass fraction of tungsten in the formed part is below 85%, and the mass fraction of copper is above 15%, the copper source consists of copper powder and copper blocks, wherein the proportion of copper powder and copper blocks in the mass fraction of copper is 1:4-4:1, and when the copper blocks are derived, the dosage of the copper blocks is 1.2 times of the corresponding copper content; the forming agent is at least one of paraffin, phenolic resin, polyvinyl alcohol and nitrile rubber; The modified tungsten powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass based on 100% of the total mass of the modified tungsten powder raw material: 0.35 to 2 percent of activating element, 0.2 To 2 percent of tungsten carbide, 0.01% -0.1% Of graphene oxide, Tungsten powder balance; The activating element is at least one of iron powder, nickel powder and cobalt powder.
2. The tungsten-copper composite material molding piece according to claim 1, wherein the total mass of tungsten and copper in the molding piece is 100%, the mass fraction of tungsten is 60% -90%, the mass fraction of copper is 10% -40%, and the amount of the molding agent is 1.5% -4% of the total mass of tungsten source and copper source.
3. A tungsten copper composite material molded article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the copper source is a copper block when the mass fraction of tungsten in the molded article is 90% and the mass fraction of copper is 10%; and when the mass fraction of tungsten in the formed part is 60% -80% and the mass fraction of copper is 20% -40%, the copper source consists of copper powder and copper blocks.
4. A tungsten-copper composite material molded part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the mass fraction of tungsten in the molded part is 85% or less and the mass fraction of copper is 15% or more, a copper source is composed of copper powder and copper block, and the mass fraction of copper is 2:3-7:3.
5. The tungsten copper composite material molding according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total mass of the modified tungsten powder raw material is 100%, and the components and mass fractions thereof are as follows: 0.7% -1.5% of activating element, 0.25 To 1.5 percent of tungsten carbide, 0.02% -0.08% Of graphene oxide, Tungsten powder balance; The activating element is nickel powder.
6. A tungsten copper composite molded article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molded article is a large-sized molded article having a diameter of 90mm to 150 mm or a thickness of 15 mm to 30 mm.
7. The tungsten copper composite molded article according to claim 6, wherein the molded article has a diameter of 95 mm to 150 mm or a large-sized molded article having a thickness of 22 mm to 24 mm.
8. A method for preparing a tungsten copper composite material molding according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that (1) tungsten powder, an activating element, tungsten carbide powder and graphene oxide dispersion are mixed, then uniformly mixed by wet ball milling, and then separated and dried to obtain modified tungsten powder; (2) When the copper source is copper block, mixing the modified tungsten powder and the tungsten powder to obtain metal powder, adding the metal powder into the forming agent solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then drying and screening to obtain composite powder; when the copper source consists of copper powder and copper blocks, mixing modified tungsten powder, tungsten powder and copper powder to obtain metal powder, adding the metal powder into a forming agent solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then drying and screening to obtain composite powder; (3) Putting the composite powder into a pressing die for compression molding to obtain a green composite material; (4) And (3) putting the green compact of the composite material into a sintering infiltration container, putting a copper block, and introducing hydrogen to perform sintering infiltration to obtain a tungsten-copper composite material forming part.
9. The method for producing a tungsten copper composite molded article according to claim 8, wherein in the step (1): The graphene oxide dispersion liquid is obtained by dissolving and dispersing graphene oxide with absolute ethyl alcohol; Ball-milling beads adopted by wet ball-milling are made of hard alloy materials, the mass ratio of the ball-milling beads is 5:1-50:1, the ball-milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the ball-milling medium accounts for 40% -80% of the volume of a ball-milling tank, the ball-milling rotating speed is 100 r/min-500 r/min, and the ball-milling time is 5 h-48 h; The drying method is vacuum drying, the drying temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the drying time is 4 h-24 h; in the step (2): when stirring and mixing, the stirring speed is 20 r/min-200 r/min, and the stirring time is 20 min-4 h; The drying method is vacuum drying, the drying temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the time is 4 h-24 h; in the step (4): The specific conditions of sintering infiltration are that the temperature is raised to 700-900 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 10-35 ℃ per minute, the temperature is kept at 30-min-60 min, the temperature is raised to 1000-1100 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 10-35 ℃ per minute, the temperature is kept at 30-min-60 min, the temperature is raised to 1200-1450 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 10-35 ℃ per minute, and the temperature is kept at 30-min-120 min, so that the tungsten copper composite material forming part is obtained.
10. The method for producing a tungsten copper composite molded article according to claim 9, wherein in the step (1): The ball material mass ratio is 20:1-45:1, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the ball milling medium accounts for 40% -60% of the volume of the ball milling tank, the ball milling rotating speed is 200 r/min-400 r/min, and the ball milling time is 20 h-48 h; The drying temperature is 50-75 ℃ and the drying time is 6 h-20 h; in the step (2): The stirring speed is 50 r/min-150 r/min, and the stirring time is 1 h-3 h; The drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the time is 4 h-8 h; in the step (4): The specific conditions of sintering infiltration are that the temperature is raised to 700-900 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 15-35 ℃ per minute, the temperature is kept at 30-min-60 min, the temperature is raised to 1000-1100 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 15-25 ℃ per minute, the temperature is kept at 30-min-40 min, and the temperature is raised to 1300-1450 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 20-25 ℃ per minute, and the temperature is kept at 60-min-120 min.

Description

Tungsten copper composite material forming part and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a tungsten copper composite material forming part and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal composite materials. Background Tungsten copper composites are pseudoalloys composed of refractory metal tungsten and highly conductive metallic copper that neither form solid solutions nor intermetallic compounds. The tungsten-copper composite material has the characteristics of excellent electric conduction and heat conductivity, high strength, high melting point, arc ablation resistance, low expansion coefficient and the like of copper, so that the tungsten-copper composite material is widely applied to the fields of electric contact, electronic packaging, heat sink materials, electrode materials, machinery and the like. Because the tungsten and copper in the tungsten-copper composite material have the characteristics of being mutually insoluble, large in melting point difference and poor in wettability, the sintering performance of the tungsten-copper composite material is affected, and the phenomena of uneven tissue distribution, poor physical performance and poor mechanical performance occur. Meanwhile, because the density difference between tungsten powder and copper powder is large, uneven density distribution is easily caused by gravity in the forming process, the defects of cracks, unfilled corners and the like are easily generated in compression molding, and when a tungsten-copper composite material formed part with complex shape and large diameter (90-150 mm) or thicker (15-30 mm) is prepared, the plastic cutting is usually carried out after the isostatic pressing technology, and the problems of raw material waste, low raw material utilization rate and high cost are inevitably generated in the process. Along with the continuous rising of raw material prices, higher requirements are put on the control of the production cost of the tungsten-copper composite material forming part, and along with the continuous improvement of the product performance by customers, the preparation of the tungsten-copper composite material forming part with excellent performance becomes a necessary trend. Therefore, a technical solution that can solve the above-mentioned drawbacks is needed. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a tungsten-copper composite material molding, wherein the molding is obtained by adding an enhancement phase and an activation element, so that wetting and adhesion of a tungsten phase and a copper phase can be promoted, sintering performance is improved, and material performance is improved; the second object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing the tungsten-copper composite material molding, which comprises the steps of dispersing the activating element and the reinforcing phase into tungsten powder by a mechanical alloy method to obtain modified tungsten powder, adding the modified tungsten powder and unmodified tungsten powder into a molding agent to obtain easy-molding composite powder, wherein the composite powder can be pressed into large-size tungsten-copper green compact, and compared with a cold isostatic pressing molding combined shaping method, the method has the characteristics of low cost, good repeatability, controllable process, raw material saving and the like. In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is provided. The tungsten-copper composite material forming piece comprises, by mass, 50% -93% of tungsten, 7% -50% of copper, 0.5% -6% of forming agent, 60% -90% of tungsten, 10% -40% of copper and 1.5% -4% of forming agent, wherein the total mass of tungsten and copper in the forming piece is 100%. The tungsten source consists of modified tungsten powder and tungsten powder, wherein the mass fraction of the modified tungsten powder is 50% -80% and the mass fraction of the tungsten powder is 20% -50% based on the mass of the tungsten source as 100%. When the mass fraction of tungsten in the formed piece is more than 85%, and when the mass fraction of copper is less than 15%, further, the mass fraction of tungsten is 90%, and when the mass fraction of copper is 10%, the copper source is a copper block, and the dosage of the copper block is 1.2 times of the copper content in the formed piece; When the mass fraction of tungsten in the formed part is below 85%, the mass fraction of copper is above 15%, further, the mass fraction of tungsten is 60% -80%, and the mass fraction of copper is 20% -40%, wherein a copper source consists of copper powder and copper blocks, the mass fraction of copper is 1:4-4:1, further, the mass fraction of copper powder and copper blocks is 2:3-7:3, and when the copper blocks are derived, the consumption of the copper blocks is 1.2 times of the corresponding copper conte