CN-121992316-A - Wear-resistant and electrolytic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material and preparation method thereof

CN121992316ACN 121992316 ACN121992316 ACN 121992316ACN-121992316-A

Abstract

The application discloses a wear-resistant and electrolytic corrosion-resistant CuFe system in-situ composite material and a preparation method thereof, which relate to the field of preparation of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy, wherein the formula is optimized and designed firstly, and the solid solution precipitation of Fe is promoted by microalloying, so that the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material are enhanced; in addition, optimizing cold spraying parameters, reducing oxidation rate, promoting Fe element to be uniformly distributed, and finally optimizing temperature gradient and deformation gradient in the large deformation process, so as to promote Fe fibers to be refined, oriented and uniformly distributed, thus obtaining the CuFeCeYAg in-situ fiber reinforced composite material. The method has the advantages of high component control precision, strong process stability and repeatability, and can realize excellent wear resistance and electric corrosion resistance of the in-situ composite material.

Inventors

LUO GANG
LI YAMING
LI WENYOU
RU LIJUN
CHEN WEIQIAN

Assignees

酒泉职业技术大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260205

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the wear-resistant and galvanic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking Cu powder, fe powder, ce powder, Y powder and Ag powder as raw materials, and mechanically mixing the raw materials after proportioning according to weight percentage, wherein the raw materials comprise, by weight, 10-20 wt% of Fe, 0.02-0.05 wt% of Ce, 0.02-0.06 wt% of Y, 0.05-0.10 wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu to obtain cold spraying pre-powder; Sequentially polishing, cleaning, drying and sand blasting the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate to obtain a sprayed substrate; depositing the cold spraying pre-powder on the surface of the spraying substrate in a low-pressure cold spraying mode to form CuFeCeYAg sediments, and processing the CuFeCeYAg sediments to obtain a sediments blank; and carrying out heat treatment and large deformation processing on the sediment blank, so that Fe fiber phases in the sediment blank are formed in a Cu matrix and tend to be uniformly distributed, and the wear-resistant and electric corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material wire or bar is obtained.
2. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and galvanic-corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material according to claim 1, wherein the powder particle size of the raw material is 18-30 μm.
3. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and galvanic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material according to claim 1, wherein the obtained cold spray pre-powder is subjected to drying treatment at 70-90 ℃ for 20-40 min before spraying.
4. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and galvanic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the raw materials is any one of the following: 14 wt% of Fe, 0.02% wt% of Ce, 0.05% wt% of Y, 0.10% wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu; 14 wt% of Fe, 0.05 wt% of Ce, 0.05 wt% of Y, 0.10 wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu; 14 wt% of Fe, 0.02% wt% of Ce, 0.05% wt% of Y, 0.05% wt% of Ag and the balance Cu; 14. 14 wt% Fe, 0.04. 0.04 wt% Ce, 0.06. 0.06 wt% Y, 0.05. 0.05 wt% Ag, and the balance Cu.
5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and galvanic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material according to claim 1, wherein the low-pressure cold spraying mode is specifically as follows: Compressed air is used as carrier gas, the pressure of the carrier gas is 0.2-0.6 MPa, the temperature of the carrier gas is 200-600 ℃, the distance between a nozzle and a substrate is 50-150 mm, and the spraying speed is 20-50 g/min.
6. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and galvanic-corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment and large deformation processing of the deposition body blank comprises: Primary processing, namely hot rolling to phi 15mm at 940 ℃, and carrying out primary annealing at 850-940 ℃ under the protection of argon atmosphere at 3-4 h; Pre-deformation, namely hot rolling to phi 12 mm at 940 ℃, carrying out secondary annealing at 750-850 ℃ under the protection of argon atmosphere and keeping the temperature of 1-2 h, and then cold rolling to phi 9 mm at room temperature; And finally deforming, namely sequentially cold-drawing from phi 9 mm to phi 4.5 mm and phi 2.92 mm at room temperature, then carrying out three times of annealing treatment at 650-750 ℃ with heat preservation of 40-60 min, further continuing cold-drawing from room temperature to phi 2.92 mm, phi 1.07 mm, phi 0.39 mm and phi 0.24 mm, and carrying out final annealing treatment at 400-650 ℃ with heat preservation of 20-40 min under the protection of argon atmosphere.
7. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and galvanic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material according to claim 6, wherein the cold-drawing is carried out at room temperature until the cold deformation strain reaches eta=ln (A0/Af), A0 is the cross-sectional area before deformation, af is the cross-sectional area after deformation, and the cold deformation strain amounts eta of the samples phi 2.92 mm, phi 1.07 mm, phi 0.39 mm and phi 0.24 mm are 1, 2, 4 and 6 respectively.
8. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and galvanic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material according to claim 1, wherein the deposition body blank is cut into a cuboid by wire cutting.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting the composition with a spectrometer after forming CuFeCeYAg deposit, wherein the powder is added to adjust when the elemental iron deviation exceeds 0.5 wt%.
10. An in-situ composite material with wear resistance and electric erosion resistance CuFeCeYAg, which is characterized in that the in-situ composite material with wear resistance and electric erosion resistance CuFeCeYAg is prepared by the preparation method of the in-situ composite material with wear resistance and electric erosion resistance according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material has a fiber composite structure, the conductivity is more than or equal to 50% IACS, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 650 MPa, the abrasion loss in a sliding friction test is less than or equal to 1.4 mug cm -2 ·h -1 , and the ablation loss in an arc ablation test is less than or equal to 89.6 mug cm -2 ·h -1 .

Description

Wear-resistant and electrolytic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the field of preparation of high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy, in particular to application of the high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy to a contact wire on a high-speed electrified railway, and specifically relates to an in-situ composite material with wear resistance and galvanic corrosion resistance CuFeCeYAg and a preparation method thereof. Background With the development of long-pulse strong magnetic field technology and high-speed electrified railways, new requirements are put on the performances of magnetic field conductors and electric contact wires, so that the material is required to have high strength, high electrical conductivity and high thermal conductivity, and excellent friction resistance and arc ablation resistance, and particularly arc ablation occurs in the contact wires and contact wires in the opening/closing process. Under the action of the electric arc, the local temperature of the electric contact surface exceeds the phase transition temperature of the material, the material is melted, evaporated and even splashed, the electric contact performance is seriously affected, and the service life of the material is shortened. The Cu-Fe system in-situ composite material has low cost, excellent strength, electric conductivity, wear resistance and electric erosion resistance as one of the optimal materials, but the casting process and subsequent large deformation can cause serious segregation or distortion of tissues, thereby affecting the solid solution of Fe element in the in-situ composite material and uneven distribution of Fe fiber, and further determining the mechanical property, electric conductivity, wear resistance and electric arc erosion resistance of the Cu-Fe system in-situ material. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems of poor conductivity, friction and abrasion resistance and low arc ablation resistance of the Cu-Fe system in-situ composite material and limiting engineering application thereof, the application provides the wear-resistant and electric erosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material and a preparation method thereof, so as to ensure the forming stability and dimensional integrity of a deposition body in a deposition stage. In order to achieve the purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the application provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant and galvanic corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material, comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking Cu powder, fe powder, ce powder, Y powder and Ag powder as raw materials, and mechanically mixing the raw materials after proportioning according to weight percentage, wherein the raw materials comprise, by weight, 10-20 wt% of Fe, 0.02-0.05 wt% of Ce, 0.02-0.06 wt% of Y, 0.05-0.10 wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu to obtain cold spraying pre-powder; Sequentially polishing, cleaning, drying and sand blasting the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate to obtain a sprayed substrate; depositing the cold spraying pre-powder on the surface of the spraying substrate in a low-pressure cold spraying mode to form CuFeCeYAg sediments, and processing the CuFeCeYAg sediments to obtain a sediments blank; and carrying out heat treatment and large deformation processing on the sediment blank, so that Fe fiber phases in the sediment blank are formed in a Cu matrix and tend to be uniformly distributed, and the wear-resistant and electric corrosion-resistant CuFeCeYAg in-situ composite material wire or bar is obtained. As a further improvement of the application, the powder particle size in the raw material is 18-30 μm. As a further improvement of the application, the obtained cold spray pre-powder is subjected to drying treatment by heat preservation for 20-40 min at 70-90 ℃ before spraying. As a further improvement of the application, the raw materials are prepared from any one of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 14 wt% of Fe, 0.02% wt% of Ce, 0.05% wt% of Y, 0.10% wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu; 14 wt% of Fe, 0.05 wt% of Ce, 0.05 wt% of Y, 0.10 wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu; 14 wt% of Fe, 0.02% wt% of Ce, 0.05% wt% of Y, 0.05% wt% of Ag and the balance Cu; 14. 14 wt% Fe, 0.04. 0.04 wt% Ce, 0.06. 0.06 wt% Y, 0.05. 0.05 wt% Ag, and the balance Cu. As a further improvement of the application, the low-pressure cold spraying mode specifically comprises the following steps: Compressed air is used as carrier gas, the pressure of the carrier gas is 0.2-0.6 MPa, the temperature of the carrier gas is 200-600 ℃, the distance between a nozzle and a substrate is 50-150 mm, and the spraying speed is 20-50 g/min. As a further improvement of the present application, the heat treatment and large deformation processing of the deposition