CN-121992319-A - Composite manufacturing technology for aluminum alloy component by current forming and heat treatment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of special processing forming and heat treatment intersection of metal materials, in particular to a current forming heat treatment composite manufacturing technology of an aluminum alloy component. The method comprises the steps of S1, applying a first current to an aluminum alloy blank for solid solution treatment to enable the blank to be heated to a solid solution temperature and preserving heat, S2, quenching and cooling the blank after solid solution to an aging temperature, S3, applying a second current to the blank after cooling and applying a load at the same time for plastic deformation, and finishing the aging treatment in the deformation process. The invention replaces the traditional long-time solid solution by the current rapid solid solution, and realizes forming, namely strengthening by current forming-aging composite. Compared with the prior art, the method shortens the heat treatment period from more than 26 hours to less than 15 minutes, improves the production efficiency by hundreds of times, achieves the forming precision of the obtained component to the sub-millimeter level, realizes gradient regulation and control of a precipitated phase through multi-field coupling, breaks through the limit of toughness of the traditional heat treatment, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace and automobile carrying equipment.

Inventors

• WEI PENGFEI
• HU ZHILI
• HUA LIN
• AN DENG

Assignees

• 武汉理工大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260313

Claims (10)

1. 1. The composite manufacturing technology for the current forming and heat treatment of the aluminum alloy component is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, applying a first current to an aluminum alloy blank for solution treatment, heating the blank to a solution temperature and preserving heat; s2, quenching and cooling the blank processed in the step S1 to an aging temperature; And S3, applying a second current to the blank cooled in the step S2, applying a load at the same time, and performing plastic deformation, thereby completing ageing treatment in the deformation process.
2. 2. The composite manufacturing technique according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the first current density is 10-100A/mm 2 , the solid solution temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the holding time is 1-5min.
3. 3. The composite manufacturing technique according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the aging temperature is 50-200 ℃.
4. 4. The composite manufacturing technique according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the second current density is 10-100A/mm 2 .
5. 5. The composite manufacturing technique according to claim 1, wherein the quenching cooling means includes any one of water quenching, oil quenching, press quenching, or die quenching.
6. 6. The composite manufacturing technique according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, a mechanical load is applied to the blank by a loading system while applying an electric current, so that the blank is plastically deformed and shaped into a final member shape.
7. 7. The composite manufacturing technique according to claim 1, wherein the current applied in step S1 and step S3 comprises alternating current or direct current in continuous or pulsed form.
8. 8. The composite manufacturing technique according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the total time of plastic deformation and aging treatment is 1 to 10min.
9. 9. An aluminum alloy member produced by the composite manufacturing technique of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. 10. A manufacturing apparatus for implementing the composite manufacturing technique according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: An energizing circuit for clamping the aluminum alloy billet and applying a first current and a second current thereto; a form loading system for applying a mechanical load to the blank in an energized state to plastically deform the blank; And the cooling system is used for quenching and cooling the blank subjected to the solution treatment.

Description

Composite manufacturing technology for aluminum alloy component by current forming and heat treatment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of special processing forming and heat treatment intersection of metal materials, in particular to a current forming heat treatment composite manufacturing technology of an aluminum alloy component. Background Aluminum alloy components have an irreplaceable role in aerospace and automotive vehicle equipment. The traditional aluminum alloy forming technology firstly forms geometric shapes, then carries out heat treatment strengthening, has long heat treatment time (26 h) and low efficiency, and cannot match with the actual production rhythm. More importantly, the traditional heat treatment has a bottleneck on the regulation and control of the precipitated phase, and higher toughness is difficult to obtain, so that the further application of the aluminum alloy component in high-end carrying equipment is restricted. Currently, the industry commonly adopts a multi-working series mode for manufacturing high-strength aluminum alloy complex components, such as solution treatment, room temperature cold forming, manual shaping, manual aging and thermal forming, and thermal resistance furnace heating, high temperature hot forming, quenching and manual aging. Although these conventional processes based on classical heat transfer and classical dislocation theory are relatively mature, with the requirements of modern equipment on the production efficiency, precision and performance of aluminum alloy components, the existing technical routes cannot realize breakthrough. For example, the conventional forming process has long heat solutionizing (> 2 h) and heat aging (> 24 h) treatment cycles, resulting in low manufacturing efficiency. Traditional heat treatment (such as T6 and T7 states) realizes precipitation strengthening by regulating aging temperature and time and relying on long-range diffusion of solute atoms. However, this method is limited by thermodynamic equilibrium pathways, and the structure, size distribution, and interaction of the precipitated phases with dislocations are difficult to control accurately. Therefore, development of a new technology for high-efficiency forming-strengthening integration based on a current energy field is needed, and short-process preparation and microstructure precise regulation of an aluminum alloy member are realized by utilizing the thermal effect and the non-thermal effect of current. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a composite manufacturing technology for current forming and heat treatment of an aluminum alloy component, which realizes the effect of heat solution treatment for more than 2 hours by introducing a current energy field effect and adopting current solution treatment for 1-5 min, realizes forming, namely strengthening, by completing aging in the forming process by the current forming-aging composite (1-10 min) and by the thermal effect and the non-thermal effect of current, and realizes gradient precipitation of a precipitated phase on defects such as dislocation and subgrain and the like and outside the defects by introducing the current energy field effect, realizes precise regulation of the precipitated phase by regulating and controlling the technological parameters of deformation and current, and breaks through the strength and toughness limit. The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite manufacturing technique for forming aluminum alloy components by electric current and heat treatment, comprising the following steps: s1, applying a first current to an aluminum alloy blank for solution treatment, heating the blank to a solution temperature and preserving heat; s2, quenching and cooling the blank processed in the step S1 to an aging temperature; And S3, applying a second current to the blank cooled in the step S2, applying a load at the same time, and performing plastic deformation, thereby completing ageing treatment in the deformation process. Preferably, in the step S1, the first current density is 10-100A/mm 2, the solid solution temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-5min. Further preferably, in the step S1, the temperature rising rate is 50-200 ℃ per second. Specifically, the invention utilizes the Joule heat generation rate with extremely high current and the non-thermal effect (electron wind force acceleration atomic diffusion) to enable the blank to reach the target solid solution temperature interval in a transient state at extremely high heating rate, and the invention ensures that the coarse second phase is fully dissolved back after short-time heat preservation, and the extremely short heat exposure time strictly inhibits the grain boundary migration and the grain growth from dynamics. Preferably, in said step S2, the ageing temperature is 50-200