Search

CN-121992321-A - Preparation method of high-performance aluminum alloy

CN121992321ACN 121992321 ACN121992321 ACN 121992321ACN-121992321-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy metal processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-performance aluminum alloy, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out homogenization treatment, high-temperature pre-extrusion, high-temperature annealing, high-temperature Wen Xuanduan, high-temperature extrusion, cooling and aging treatment on an aluminum alloy ingot to obtain the high-performance aluminum alloy, wherein the high-temperature pre-extrusion temperature is 420-500 ℃, the high-temperature annealing temperature is 480-550 ℃, the high-temperature Wen Xuanduan temperature is 420-480 ℃, and the high-temperature extrusion temperature is 400-480 ℃, and the preparation method reduces the grain size and simultaneously improves the strength and the elongation.

Inventors

  • WANG CHENG
  • YU BO
  • ZHANG JIN
  • CHENG YONG
  • ZHANG YUNLI
  • WANG XU

Assignees

  • 湖南卓创精材科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A preparation method of high-performance aluminum alloy is characterized in that aluminum alloy cast ingots are sequentially subjected to homogenization treatment, high-temperature pre-extrusion, high-temperature annealing, high-Wen Xuanduan, high-temperature extrusion, cooling and aging treatment to obtain the high-performance aluminum alloy, wherein the high-temperature pre-extrusion temperature is 420-500 ℃, the high-temperature annealing temperature is 480-550 ℃, the high-temperature Wen Xuanduan temperature is 420-480 ℃, and the high-temperature extrusion temperature is 400-480 ℃.
  2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy ingot comprises the following raw materials, by weight, cu 3.7-4.3%, li 0.8-1.2%, mg 0.25-0.8%, mn 0.1-0.25%, zr 0.05-0.14%, ag 0.25-0.6%, zn 0.05-0.25%, and the balance Al.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy ingot comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, cu 4.2%, li 1.0%, mg 0.5%, mn 0.15%, zr 0.12%, ag 0.25%, zn 0.08%, and the balance Al.
  4. 4. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the homogenization treatment is carried out at a temperature of 480 to 510 ℃ for a period of 20 to 30 hours.
  5. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the homogenization treatment is followed by cooling to 240 ℃ with the furnace, then air cooling, and then removal of surface defects after cooling to 80 ℃ or less.
  6. 6. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high temperature pre-extrusion is carried out at a temperature of 460 to 500 ℃ and at an extrusion speed of 0.2 to 0.8mm/s.
  7. 7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high temperature anneal is at a temperature of 480 to 520 ℃.
  8. 8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high Wen Xuanduan is at a temperature of 440 to 480 ℃, the rotational speed is 0.5 to 1.5r/s and the feed speed is 1 to 5mm/s.
  9. 9. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high temperature extrusion is carried out at a temperature of 420 to 460 ℃ and at an extrusion speed of 0.5 to 1.5mm/s.
  10. 10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ageing treatment is carried out at a temperature of 160 to 180 ℃ and for a period of 8 to 15 hours.

Description

Preparation method of high-performance aluminum alloy Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy metal processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-performance aluminum alloy. Background The aluminum-copper-lithium alloy has higher Cu and Li element contents, the addition of the lithium element effectively reduces the weight of the component, improves the alloy strength, and becomes an indispensable light structural material in the aerospace field. However, in actual processing production, if the molding process is not regulated, the problems of coarse grains and low mechanical properties of the aluminum-copper-lithium alloy extruded bar are easy to occur, and the product cannot meet the design requirements. The aluminum copper lithium alloy extrusion bar needs to have uniform and fine grain structure, and is convenient for processing and forming. The prior art is obtained by directly extruding alloy ingots after soaking, bar grains are coarse, and the product requirement of high strength and high elongation rate is difficult to realize after artificial aging. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a preparation method of high-performance aluminum alloy, which reduces grain size and improves strength and elongation. The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a high-performance aluminum alloy, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out homogenization treatment, high-temperature pre-extrusion, high-temperature annealing, high-Wen Xuanduan, high-temperature extrusion, cooling and aging treatment on an aluminum alloy ingot to obtain the high-performance aluminum alloy, wherein the high-temperature pre-extrusion temperature is 420-500 ℃, the high-temperature annealing temperature is 480-550 ℃, the high-temperature Wen Xuanduan temperature is 420-480 ℃, and the high-temperature extrusion temperature is 400-480 ℃. Preferably, the aluminum alloy ingot is an aluminum lithium alloy, more preferably an aluminum copper lithium alloy. Preferably, the aluminum alloy cast ingot comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 3.7-4.3% of Cu, 0.8-1.2% of Li, 0.25-0.8% of Mg, 0.1-0.25% of Mn, 0.05-0.14% of Zr, 0.25-0.6% of Ag, 0.05-0.25% of Zn and the balance of Al. Preferably, the aluminum alloy cast ingot comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: cu 4.2%, li 1.0%, mg 0.5%, mn 0.15%, zr 0.12%, ag 0.25%, zn 0.08%, and the balance Al. Preferably, the homogenization treatment is carried out at 480-510 ℃ for 20-30 hours. Preferably, the homogenization treatment is followed by cooling to 240 ℃ with the furnace, then air cooling is performed, and surface defects are removed after cooling to 80 ℃ or below. Preferably, the high temperature pre-extrusion temperature is 460-500 ℃ and the extrusion speed is 0.2-0.8mm/s. Preferably, the high temperature anneal is at a temperature of 480-520 ℃. Preferably, the temperature of Wen Xuanduan is 440-480 ℃, the rotation speed is 0.5-1.5r/s, and the feeding speed is 1-5mm/s. Preferably, the high temperature extrusion temperature is 420-460 ℃ and the extrusion speed is 0.5-1.5mm/s. Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment is 160-180 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 8-15 hours. The invention has the advantages that in general, when the grain structure size is greatly different or the extrusion is carried out at normal temperature, the performance is unstable and the short-circuit effect is easy to occur. Secondly, the blank is required to be heated to a dynamic recrystallization temperature range in the traditional aluminum alloy extrusion, so that the plastic flow stress of the material is obviously reduced, and the comprehensive performance of the product is obviously reduced. In addition, the high-temperature forging can inhibit the dynamic recovery and recrystallization of the aluminum alloy, so that the work hardening effect is aggravated, the dislocation density is rapidly increased, the elongation of the product is reduced, and local shear bands and microscopic defects are easy to occur in the subsequent extrusion. The invention discovers that the defects of looseness, air holes and the like in an alloy cast ingot can be effectively eliminated and the compactness of the alloy is improved by high-temperature pre-extrusion and controlling the temperature of the high-temperature pre-extrusion before high-temperature extrusion forming. Meanwhile, alloy grains are thinned along the extrusion direction in the extrusion process, so that the processing and forming capacity and toughness of the alloy are improved. The internal residual stress generated in the pre-extrusion process is further eliminated through high-temperature annealing, so that the alloy defects are improved, and a favorable forming foundation is provided for high Wen Xuanduan forming. The material is subjected to three-dimensional compressive stress in the process of high Wen Xuan