CN-121992370-A - Preparation method of texture fusion coating cutter

CN121992370ACN 121992370 ACN121992370 ACN 121992370ACN-121992370-A

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a texture fusion coating cutter. The method introduces a texture fusion design idea into the field of coating cutter design, clarifies a texture fusion mechanism among a cutter surface micro-texture, a coating growth texture and a workpiece deformation texture by exploring an interaction mechanism among the cutter surface micro-texture, establishes a matching model of a coating component system and a specific workpiece under the guidance of a texture fusion mechanism principle, and deposits the selected wear-resistant coating component conforming to the texture fusion mechanism on the cutter micro-texture surface in a specific preferred orientation growth mode by adopting a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) process so as to achieve the double effects of considering the cutter wear life and the workpiece surface quality. The invention can be applied to ceramic and hard alloy cutter materials, and the prepared texture fusion coating cutter is expected to solve the problems of increased friction and wear, reduced coating service life and difficult quality of the processed surface meeting the user requirements caused by high-speed dry cutting of difficult-to-process materials. The prepared cutter can be used for high-speed dry cutting processing of nickel-based alloy Inconel-718 and Ti6A14V alloy.

Inventors

LIU CHANGXIA
YE MINGGUO
SUN JUNLONG
HAN HUA
SUN YIFA
SHEN YUQI
LIN BAN
SUN XIAOBING
LIU YAN

Assignees

鲁东大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260202

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the texture fusion coating cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Determining a texture fusion mechanism between a micro texture of the surface of the cutter, a growth texture of the coating and a deformation texture of the workpiece, establishing a matching model of a coating composition system and a specific workpiece based on the texture fusion mechanism, and determining a wear-resistant coating composition based on the matching model; selecting a cutter matrix and forming a surface micro-texture on the cutter matrix; a coating corresponding to the wear resistant coating component is deposited on a surface of the tool substrate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining a texture fusion mechanism between the micro texture of the tool surface, the coating growth texture and the deformation texture of the workpiece comprises: Determining an optimal micro-texture parameter and coating growth texture parameter matching model by researching the influence of the micro-texture parameter and the coating growth texture parameter on the hardness, toughness, residual stress, elastic modulus, friction and wear characteristics and film-base binding force of the coating; Obtaining statistical data of the surface quality, the machining efficiency and the service life of a workpiece through high-speed cutting experiment research, researching the statistical data of the surface quality, the machining efficiency and the service life of the workpiece through a correlation dimension method, analyzing and calculating the texture fusion parameters of the tool, the coating and the workpiece through a fractal means, and determining the fractal dimension of a texture fusion mechanism; And constructing the association relation among equivalent stress distribution in the workpiece and the chip, positive stress distribution of a knife-chip contact interface, equivalent strain in the chip and three texture parameters by using a gray association weighting analysis model and mathematical morphology, revealing the cooperative influence rule of the three texture parameters on the friction state of a knife-chip contact area, and clarifying the interaction mechanism and fusion mechanism among the three textures.
3. The method for preparing the texture fusion coating cutter according to claim 2, wherein the step of establishing a matching model of a coating component system and a specific workpiece based on the texture fusion mechanism is specifically as follows: And (3) obtaining the fractal dimension, the information dimension and the associated dimension of each of the optimal multi-fractal system by using the properties and the numerical calculation of the re-standard transformation group, and establishing a matching model of the coating component system and a specific workpiece under the guidance of a texture fusion mechanism principle.
4. The method for preparing a texture fusion coating cutter according to claim 1, wherein the cutter substrate is an Al 2 O 3 /TiC ceramic lathe tool, and the weight percentage of the cutter substrate is 45% Al 2 O 3 +55% TiC.
5. The method for producing a textured fusion coated tool according to claim 4, wherein the step of forming a surface micro texture on the tool substrate comprises: The micro-texture conforming to the texture fusion mechanism is processed on the front cutter surface and the rear cutter surface by adopting a nanosecond laser processing technology, wherein the processing parameters are that the pumping voltage is 15-25V, the output power is 10-15W, the scanning speed is 3-8 mm/s, the pulse frequency is 3-8 Hz, and the scanning is performed for 1-3 times.
6. The method for preparing the texture fusion coating cutter according to claim 1, wherein the cutter substrate is a hard alloy turning tool or a hard alloy milling tool, and the weight percentage is 79% WC+15% TiC+6% Co or 94% WC+6% Co.
7. The method for preparing a textured fusion coated tool according to claim 6, wherein the step of forming a surface micro texture on the tool substrate comprises: The micro-texture conforming to the texture fusion mechanism is processed by picosecond laser, wherein the processing parameters are that the energy density is 2-3J/cm 2 , the repetition frequency is 50-100kHz, the single exposure time is 0.5-1.0ms, and the repetition number is 5-10.
8. The method for producing a textured fusion coated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of depositing a coating corresponding to the wear resistant coating element on the surface of the tool substrate is in particular: A CVD process is adopted to deposit a coating on the surface of a cutter processed with micro-textures, and the coating comprises a TiCN layer, a TiN layer and an Al 2 O 3 layer from inside to outside in sequence; The deposition parameters of the TiCN layer are that the temperature is 850-880 ℃, the pressure is 60-90 mbar, the deposition time is 300-450min, and the volume percentages of H 2 、 N 2 、TiCl 4 and CH 3 CN are respectively 50-85%, 5-40%, 1-4% and 0.1-1%; the deposition parameters of the TiN layer are that the temperature is 900-1050 ℃, the pressure is 500-800 mbar, the deposition time is 50-100 min, and the volume percentages of H 2 、N 2 and TiCl 4 are respectively 60-80%, 20-35% and 0.5-2%; The nucleation parameters of the preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 are that the temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, the pressure is 60-90 mbar, the deposition time is 10-30 min, and the volume percentages of H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 , HCl and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-10%, 0.5-2%, 1-5%, 1.5-3% and 0.1-1%; The preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 deposition parameters are that the temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, the pressure is 60-90 mbar, the deposition time is 100-300 min, the volume percentages of H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 S and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-20%, 0.5-5%, 1-5%, 1.5-3%, 0.1-1% and 0.1-1%, wherein the ratio of H 2 S to CO 2 is more than 0.08 and less than 0.11.

Description

Preparation method of texture fusion coating cutter Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of mechanical cutting tools, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a texture fusion coating tool. Background For example, a milling and grinding vehicle called a rail emergency vehicle can be used for protecting and navigating a rail, but the milling cutter of the most core part of the milling and grinding vehicle still needs to be imported from abroad, so that the breakthrough of the key core technology of the milling cutter needs to be realized to support the development of the high-end equipment manufacturing industry in China. Currently, high-speed cutting tools represented by milling cutters are urgently required to break through in the core aspects of materials, structural design, coating technology and the like. The coating technology is used as an effective way for prolonging the service life of the cutter, so that the cutter can obtain excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, thereby improving the processing efficiency. In order to improve the bonding strength of the coating and a matrix and realize the antifriction control of a knife-chip interface, researchers bond the coating with the micro-texture on the surface of the tool, so that the friction and heat dissipation of the tool and a workpiece are improved, and the adhesion and diffusion are reduced, but the tool bears the impact and coupling stress effects in the high-speed cutting process, so that the coating is easy to generate fatigue cracks to fall off, and the service life of the coating is shortened, therefore, the development performance of the micro-texture coating tool with excellent development performance and long service life has decisive significance for improving the processing efficiency and the processing quality of the workpiece. Disclosure of Invention In view of this, the present invention provides a method for preparing a texture fusion coated tool, the method comprising the steps of: Determining a texture fusion mechanism between a micro texture of the surface of the cutter, a growth texture of the coating and a deformation texture of the workpiece, establishing a matching model of a coating composition system and a specific workpiece based on the texture fusion mechanism, and determining a wear-resistant coating composition based on the matching model; selecting a cutter matrix and forming a surface micro-texture on the cutter matrix; a coating corresponding to the wear resistant coating component is deposited on a surface of the tool substrate. Optionally, the step of determining a texture fusion mechanism between the micro texture of the tool surface, the coating growth texture and the deformation texture of the workpiece comprises: Determining an optimal micro-texture parameter and coating growth texture parameter matching model by researching the influence of the micro-texture parameter and the coating growth texture parameter on the hardness, toughness, residual stress, elastic modulus, friction and wear characteristics and film-base binding force of the coating; Obtaining statistical data of the surface quality, the machining efficiency and the service life of a workpiece through high-speed cutting experiment research, researching the statistical data of the surface quality, the machining efficiency and the service life of the workpiece through a correlation dimension method, analyzing and calculating the texture fusion parameters of the tool, the coating and the workpiece through a fractal means, and determining the fractal dimension of a texture fusion mechanism; And constructing the association relation among equivalent stress distribution in the workpiece and the chip, positive stress distribution of a knife-chip contact interface, equivalent strain in the chip and three texture parameters by using a gray association weighting analysis model and mathematical morphology, revealing the cooperative influence rule of the three texture parameters on the friction state of a knife-chip contact area, and clarifying the interaction mechanism and fusion mechanism among the three textures. Optionally, the step of establishing a matching model of the coating component system and the specific workpiece based on the texture fusion mechanism specifically comprises the following steps: And (3) obtaining the fractal dimension, the information dimension and the associated dimension of each of the optimal multi-fractal system by using the properties and the numerical calculation of the re-standard transformation group, and establishing a matching model of the coating component system and a specific workpiece under the guidance of a texture fusion mechanism principle. Alternatively, the cutter matrix is an Al 2O3/TiC ceramic lathe tool, and the weight percentage of the cutter matrix is 45% Al 2O3 +55% TiC. Optionally, the step of forming the surface micro-texture on the tool substrate