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CN-121992395-A - Laser cladding powder for inhibiting cracking of cladding layer in inner hole of cylinder barrel of oil cylinder and cladding method

CN121992395ACN 121992395 ACN121992395 ACN 121992395ACN-121992395-A

Abstract

The invention provides laser cladding powder for inhibiting cracking of a cladding layer in an inner hole of an oil cylinder barrel and a cladding method, wherein the laser cladding powder is selected and comprises 16% -19% of Cr, 0.5% -1.0% of Si, 0.2% -0.9% of Mn, 0.1% -0.4% of Ni, 0.2% -0.8% of Nb, 0.1% -0.7% of Ti, 0.1% -0.3% of Se, less than 0.05% of C and the balance of Fe, the oil cylinder barrel inner hole of a hydraulic support is subjected to high-speed laser cladding by taking the laser cladding powder as a raw material after drying and preheating, the cladding layer to be processed is obtained, and rough boring, fine scraping and rolling processing are sequentially carried out on the cladding layer to be processed by adopting scraping equipment with a boring cutter, a scraper and balls, so that the cladding layer is obtained. The cladding layer has fine grains, is not easy to crack, has excellent corrosion resistance, is easy to process and low in processing hardening degree, and can obviously prolong the service life of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder and reduce the production cost.

Inventors

  • CHENG XIANGBANG
  • HAO JUNHUI
  • QIN SHIBIN
  • ZHANG ZIQIANG
  • ZHAO XINYA
  • RUAN HAO
  • SHI ZHIYE
  • CUI YIFAN
  • WANG YINGYING

Assignees

  • 郑州煤矿机械集团有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260212

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A cladding method for inhibiting cracking of an inner hole cladding layer of an oil cylinder barrel comprises the following steps: Selecting laser cladding powder, wherein the laser cladding powder comprises, by mass, 16% -19% of Cr, 0.5% -1.0% of Si, 0.2% -0.9% of Mn, 0.1% -0.4% of Ni, 0.2% -0.8% of Nb, 0.1% -0.7% of Ti, 0.1% -0.3% of Se, 0.05% of C and the balance of Fe, and the particle size of the laser cladding powder is 20-53 mu m; Pre-treatment, namely drying the laser cladding powder at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2 hours; cladding, namely, under inert atmosphere, carrying out high-speed laser cladding on an inner hole of an oil cylinder barrel for the hydraulic support by taking the laser cladding powder as a raw material to obtain a cladding layer to be processed; And scraping, namely adopting scraping equipment provided with a boring cutter, a scraper and a ball to perform rough boring, fine scraping and rolling processing on the cladding layer to be processed in sequence to obtain the cladding layer, wherein the linear speed during processing is 80-160 m/min, and the feeding amount is 140-200 mm/min.
  2. 2. The cladding method for inhibiting cracking of the inner hole cladding layer of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the cladding step specifically comprises the step of carrying out high-speed laser cladding on the inner hole of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder for the hydraulic support under the conditions of 4.8 KW of laser power, 4.7m/min of scanning speed, 44g/min of powder feeding amount, 3.5mm of light spot size and 1.1mm of offset by taking the laser cladding powder as a raw material in an inert atmosphere, so as to obtain the cladding layer to be processed.
  3. 3. The cladding method for inhibiting cracking of an inner hole cladding layer of an oil cylinder barrel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser cladding powder comprises, by mass, 17% -18% of Cr, 0.7% -0.9% of Si, 0.4% -0.7% of Mn, 0.1% -0.3% of Ni, 0.3% -0.6% of Nb, 0.2% -0.5% of Ti, 0.1% -0.2% of Se, 0.05% of C and the balance of Fe.
  4. 4. A cladding layer is characterized in that the cladding layer is prepared by the cladding method of claim 1,2 or 3, the microstructure of the cladding layer is fine equiaxed grains, and the grain size of the fine equiaxed grains is 5-30 mu m.
  5. 5. The cladding layer of claim 4, wherein the hardness of the inner bore of the cylinder barrel for the hydraulic support after cladding the cladding layer is 301HV-326 HV, and the hardness of the inner bore of the cylinder barrel for the hydraulic support after machining is 315 HV-348 HV.
  6. 6. The cladding layer according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.2mm to 1.2mm.
  7. 7. The laser cladding powder for inhibiting cracking of the cladding layer in the inner hole of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder is characterized by comprising, by mass, 16% -19% of Cr, 0.5% -1.0% of Si, 0.2% -0.9% of Mn, 0.1% -0.4% of Ni, 0.2% -0.8% of Nb, 0.1% -0.7% of Ti, 0.1% -0.3% of Se, 0.05% of C and the balance of Fe, wherein the particle size of the laser cladding powder is 20-53 mu m.
  8. 8. The laser cladding powder for inhibiting cracking of a cladding layer in an inner hole of a cylinder barrel of an oil cylinder according to claim 7, wherein the laser cladding powder comprises, by mass, 17% -18% of Cr, 0.7% -0.9% of Si, 0.4% -0.7% of Mn, 0.1% -0.3% of Ni, 0.3% -0.6% of Nb, 0.2% -0.5% of Ti, 0.1% -0.2% of Se, less than 0.05% of C and the balance of Fe.

Description

Laser cladding powder for inhibiting cracking of cladding layer in inner hole of cylinder barrel of oil cylinder and cladding method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of laser cladding, in particular to laser cladding powder for inhibiting cracking of a cladding layer in an inner hole of an oil cylinder barrel and a cladding method. Background At present, common surface treatment technologies for inner holes of cylinder barrels of oil cylinders for hydraulic supports are inner hole copper melting and inner hole copper plating. The inner hole copper melting technology mainly has the advantages of high copper melting cost, low efficiency, high defect proportion and large heat input, and is limited by copper melting equipment and is not suitable for cylinder barrels with the cylinder diameter smaller than 140 mm. The electroplated layer obtained by the inner hole copper plating technology belongs to physical combination, and has weak binding force and environmental pollution. In order to improve the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of the inner hole of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder and reduce the influence on a matrix to the greatest extent, a high-speed laser cladding technology is used for strengthening the surface of the inner hole. Currently, the common powder for high-speed laser cladding of inner holes mainly comprises two types of copper-based and iron-based. Among them, copper-based powder has good cladding process performance and excellent corrosion resistance, but has higher cost. The conventional iron-based stainless steel powder can be classified into three types of austenitic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel and ferritic stainless steel. The austenitic stainless steel powder has good cladding performance and high corrosion resistance, but has higher cost, poorer processability and easy occurrence of work hardening. The martensitic stainless steel powder has extremely high hardness after cladding and is difficult to process subsequently. In contrast, the ferrite stainless steel powder has the advantages of low comprehensive cost, moderate hardness, small processing hardening tendency, easy processing and the like, and is an ideal inner hole cladding material. However, in the solidification process of a molten pool, the common ferrite stainless steel powder lacks an effective heterogeneous nucleation core, the quantity of grain nucleation is small, meanwhile, the volume of the molten pool is small, the cooling is fast, and a cladding layer is easy to form coarse columnar crystals. In addition, cr and C are easy to precipitate Cr 23C6 type stable carbide at the grain boundary, the difference of the crystal structure of the brittle phase carbide and the ferrite cladding layer is obvious, local volume shrinkage is caused during solidification, and larger shrinkage residual stress is generated. Meanwhile, the impurity S and Fe generate FeS compounds. In summary, the coarse grains of the cladding layer, the aggregation of impurities such as Cr 23C6 and FeS at the grain boundary, and the residual stress of the cladding layer easily cause cracking of the cladding layer along the weak area of the grain boundary. In addition, cr element forms a Cr-depleted region near the grain boundary, which causes intergranular corrosion and pitting tendency, further impairing the corrosion resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to design the components of the high-speed laser cladding powder of the ferritic stainless steel aiming at the problems, and solve the cracking problem of the cladding layer and improve the comprehensive service performance of the ferrite stainless steel by refining the grains of the cladding layer structure, inhibiting the formation of Cr 23C6 stable carbide, reducing the segregation of Cr element and reducing the residual stress of the cladding layer. Disclosure of Invention In order to ensure that the cladding layer has proper hardness, higher processing precision, longer service life and lower production cost which are convenient to process on the premise of better corrosion resistance and no cracking, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the cladding method for inhibiting the cracking of the cladding layer in the inner hole of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder comprises the following steps: Selecting laser cladding powder, wherein the laser cladding powder comprises, by mass, 16% -19% of Cr, 0.5% -1.0% of Si, 0.2% -0.9% of Mn, 0.1% -0.4% of Ni, 0.2% -0.8% of Nb, 0.1% -0.7% of Ti, 0.1% -0.3% of Se, 0.05% of C and the balance of Fe, and the particle size of the laser cladding powder is 20-53 mu m; Pre-treatment, namely drying the laser cladding powder at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2 hours; cladding, namely, under inert atmosphere, carrying out high-speed laser cladding on an inner hole of an oil cylinder barrel for the hydraulic support by taking the laser cladding powder as a raw material to ob