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CN-121992417-A - Catholyte compartment, catholyte compartment unit, electrolyzer and electrolyzer

CN121992417ACN 121992417 ACN121992417 ACN 121992417ACN-121992417-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electrolytic devices, and discloses a catholyte chamber, a catholyte chamber unit, an electrolytic tank and an electrolytic device, wherein a first port and a second port are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of a catholyte chamber, the first port is used for being matched with a gas diffusion electrode, the second port is used for being matched with an ion exchange membrane, a plurality of diaphragm plates are connected to the inner wall of the catholyte chamber, two adjacent diaphragm plates are arranged at intervals, the inner cavity of the catholyte chamber is divided into a plurality of catholyte chambers by the plurality of diaphragm plates, each catholyte chamber is used for containing catholyte, an infusion pipeline is used for conveying catholyte, the infusion pipeline is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes, the liquid outlet holes are respectively communicated with the plurality of catholyte chambers, and a gas-liquid output structure is used for outputting liquid after reaction of each catholyte chamber and outputting unreacted gas in each catholyte chamber.

Inventors

  • ZHANG QUAN
  • LIU PENG
  • LIU YU

Assignees

  • 万华化学集团股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241104

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A catholyte compartment, comprising: the cathode cavity (101) is provided with a first port and a second port on two opposite sides respectively, the first port is used for being matched with the gas diffusion electrode (2), and the second port is used for being matched with the ion exchange membrane (3); The diaphragm plates (102) are connected to the inner wall of the cathode cavity (101), two adjacent diaphragm plates (102) are arranged at intervals, the diaphragm plates (102) divide the inner cavity of the cathode cavity (101) to form a plurality of cathode chambers (103), and each cathode chamber (103) is used for containing catholyte; The liquid delivery pipeline (104) is used for delivering catholyte, the liquid delivery pipeline (104) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes (105), and the liquid outlet holes (105) are respectively communicated with the cathode chambers (103); And a gas-liquid output structure (106) for outputting the liquid after the reaction in each of the cathode chambers (103) and outputting the unreacted reaction gas in each of the cathode chambers (103).
  2. 2. The catholyte chamber according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of longitudinal separators (107) are disposed in each cathode chamber (103), the longitudinal separators (107) in each cathode chamber (103) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the diaphragm (102), each longitudinal separator (107) is sequentially provided with an overflow hole (108), a turbulent flow hole (109) and a bottom hole (110) along the direction from the top (9) to the bottom (10) of the cathode cavity (101), and an output port is formed in one side of each cathode chamber (103), and is communicated with the corresponding overflow hole (108), turbulent flow hole (109) and bottom hole (110).
  3. 3. The catholyte chamber according to claim 2, further comprising a plurality of baffles (111), wherein a plurality of baffles (111) are connected to the output ports of the cathode chamber (103) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each baffle (111) is provided with an overflow port (112) corresponding to an overflow hole (108), and each bottom hole (110) is provided with a liquid drain port (113); The inside wall of negative pole cavity (101) is provided with the gas-liquid separation groove, the gas-liquid separation groove is gas-liquid output structure (106), the notch in gas-liquid separation groove with a plurality of the delivery outlet of negative pole room (103) corresponds the arrangement, and with a plurality of overflow mouth (112) and a plurality of leakage fluid dram (113) intercommunication, gas outlet and liquid outlet have been seted up to the cell wall in gas-liquid separation groove, the gas outlet is close to top (9) of negative pole cavity (101), the liquid outlet is close to bottom (10) of negative pole cavity (101).
  4. 4. The catholyte chamber according to claim 1, wherein the catholyte chamber (103) is provided with a via hole, the via hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the cathode cavity (101), a plurality of diaphragm plates (102) are provided with perforations corresponding to the via hole, the infusion pipeline (104) sequentially penetrates through the via hole and the perforations, and the catholyte tube is in sealing connection with the via hole and the perforations.
  5. 5. The catholyte chamber of claim 1, further comprising: The first support pieces (114) are used for supporting the gas diffusion electrode (2), the first support pieces (114) are positioned on one side of the first port and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the cathode chambers (103), the first support pieces (114) are arranged on the cathode cavity (101), one side edge of each first support piece is in sealing connection with the side wall of the diaphragm plate (102), and the first support pieces (114) are provided with a plurality of first penetration holes corresponding to the cathode chambers (103); The second support pieces (115) are used for supporting the ion exchange membrane (3), the second support pieces (115) are located on one side of the second opening and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the cathode chambers (103), the second support pieces (115) are installed on the cathode cavity (101), one side edge of each second support piece is in sealing connection with the other side wall of the diaphragm plate (102), and the second support pieces (115) correspond to the cathode chambers (103) and are provided with a plurality of second penetrating holes.
  6. 6. A cathode compartment unit comprising a catholyte compartment (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a gas diffusion electrode (2) and an ion exchange membrane (3), the gas diffusion electrode (2) being sealingly connected to the edge of the first port and the ion exchange membrane (3) being sealingly connected to the edge of the second port.
  7. 7. An electrolytic tank, characterized by comprising a cathode chamber (103) unit, an air chamber (5) and an anolyte chamber (6) as claimed in claim 6, wherein the air chamber (5) is provided with an air inlet and an air delivery port, the air delivery port is in sealing connection with a side surface of a gas diffusion electrode (2) away from the cathode chamber (103), the anolyte chamber (6) is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid delivery port, and the liquid delivery port is in sealing connection with a side surface of an ion exchange membrane (3) away from the cathode chamber (103).
  8. 8. The electrolytic cell according to claim 7, further comprising a conductive gasket (4), wherein the conductive gasket (4) is provided with a communication hole (401) corresponding to the first port, and the conductive gasket (4) is sandwiched between the gas chamber (5) and the gas diffusion electrode (2).
  9. 9. The electrolyzer of claim 8 characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of insulating gaskets (7), between the gas diffusion electrode (2) and the cathode chamber (103), between the cathode chamber (103) and the ion exchange membrane (3), between the ion exchange membrane (3) and the anolyte chamber (6) the insulating gaskets (7) are all provided.
  10. 10. An electrolysis device, characterized in that it comprises two end plates (8) and a plurality of electrolysis cells according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a plurality of said electrolysis cells are connected in series, the anolyte compartment (6) of the former electrolysis cell being welded to the gas compartment (5) of the latter electrolysis cell, said end plates (8) being mounted to both the gas compartment (5) of the electrolysis cell at the head end and the anolyte compartment (6) of the electrolysis cell at the tail end.

Description

Catholyte compartment, catholyte compartment unit, electrolyzer and electrolyzer Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of electrolytic devices, in particular to a catholyte chamber, a catholyte chamber unit, an electrolytic tank and an electrolytic device. Background At present, the hydrogen peroxide production process mainly comprises an electrochemical oxygen reduction method, an isopropanol method, a hydrogen-oxygen direct synthesis method and an anthraquinone method. The electrochemical oxygen reduction method adopts a bipolar tank reactor, takes a gas diffusion electrode as a cathode, and oxygen loses two electrons at the cathode to generate oxygen reduction reaction to synthesize hydrogen peroxide. Compared with other traditional processes, the electrochemical oxygen reduction method has the advantages of green and safe synthetic route and no generation of organic byproducts. In the hydrogen peroxide preparation process, the balance of the gas-liquid pressure difference between the oxygen gas chamber and the catholyte chamber is an important problem. In the operation of the bipolar tank, the pressure of the oxygen gas chamber needs to be maintained higher than the pressure of the catholyte chamber so that enough pushing force exists to enable oxygen to permeate the gas diffusion electrode and contact catholyte to perform electrochemical reaction. However, due to the presence of hydrostatic pressure, the difference in gas-liquid pressure between the oxygen chamber and the catholyte chamber is difficult to maintain everywhere equal. If the partial pressure of the oxygen gas chamber is too much higher than the pressure of the corresponding position of the catholyte chamber, the amount of oxygen transferred to the catholyte chamber through the gas diffusion electrode exceeds the amount required by the electrochemical reaction, and the rest of oxygen enters the catholyte chamber in the form of bubbles, so that the gas content of the catholyte chamber is increased, and further the cell voltage is increased, the current density distribution is uneven, and the gas diffusion electrode is damaged. If the partial pressure difference between the oxygen gas chamber and the catholyte chamber is insufficient or the partial pressure of the oxygen gas chamber is lower than that of the catholyte chamber, more catholyte exists in the pore canal of the gas diffusion electrode, so that diffusion of oxygen to the catalytic active layer of the gas diffusion electrode is blocked, and the electrochemical reaction rate is reduced. Therefore, the pressure difference in the catholyte chamber is reduced, and stable delivery of oxygen in the oxygen chamber to the catholyte chamber is ensured. Disclosure of Invention In view of this, the present application provides a catholyte chamber, a catholyte chamber unit, an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic apparatus to solve or improve the problem of large pressure difference in the catholyte chamber. In a first aspect, the present application provides a catholyte chamber comprising: the cathode cavity is provided with a first port and a second port on two opposite sides respectively, the first port is used for being matched with the gas diffusion electrode, and the second port is used for being matched with the ion exchange membrane; The diaphragm plates are connected to the inner wall of the cathode cavity, two adjacent diaphragm plates are arranged at intervals, the inner cavity of the cathode cavity is divided into a plurality of cathode chambers by the diaphragm plates, and each cathode chamber is used for containing catholyte; The liquid delivery pipeline is used for delivering catholyte, and is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes which are respectively communicated with the cathode chambers; And the gas-liquid output structure is used for outputting liquid after the reaction of each cathode chamber and outputting unreacted gas in each cathode chamber. The cathode cavity is provided with a first port and a second port which are arranged oppositely, the inner cavity of the cathode cavity is used for containing catholyte, reaction gas enters the cathode cavity through the first port, but the pressure values of the catholyte at different height positions are different, the pressure difference between the lowest point and the highest point is the largest, therefore, when the reaction gas enters the cathode cavity at the highest point and the lowest point of the first port, the required pressure is different, but the pressures of the reaction gas on the gas diffusion electrode are equal everywhere, due to the existence of hydrostatic pressure, the pressures of the catholyte on different height positions of the gas diffusion electrode are different, and the reaction gas pressures and the catholyte pressures at the opposite positions on two sides of the gas diffusion electrode are different, so that the amounts of the reaction gas entering the catho