CN-121992420-A - Proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank

CN121992420ACN 121992420 ACN121992420 ACN 121992420ACN-121992420-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic tanks, and mainly relates to a proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank. The anode plate of the electrolytic tank comprises a plate body, wherein a main runner and branch runners are arranged on the plate surface of the plate body, a plurality of branch runners are arranged between every two adjacent main runners, a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed at two ends of at least part of the main runners in the main runners, the cathode plate of the electrolytic tank comprises the plate body, a plurality of runners are arranged on the plate surface of the plate body, the runners radially extend from the center position of the plate body to the periphery, the runners are divided into four groups, each group of runners comprises three runners, and the same group of runners are converged and extend to the same air outlet near the tail end of the plate body. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer can better ensure that water is uniformly distributed in the whole electrolyzer and timely discharges oxygen and hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer, solves the problems that the water distribution in the traditional proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is uneven and produced gas cannot be timely discharged, and effectively improves the hydrogen production efficiency of the water electrolysis hydrogen production process.

Inventors

LI ZHONGCHAO
LI GUILIANG
LIU JIAMIN
ZHANG CHENG
HUANG XUESONG
LI ZHIHUI

Assignees

中国石油化工股份有限公司
中国石油化工股份有限公司中原油田分公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241107

Claims (14)

1. The utility model provides an electrolysis trough anode plate, its characterized in that, the anode plate includes the rectangular plate body, has seted up the runner on the face of rectangular plate body, the runner includes the sprue that sets up side by side in plate body width direction and extend on rectangular plate body length direction, has seted up many branching runners between every adjacent sprue, and each branching runner sets up to curved runner, and the both ends that have at least some sprue form water inlet and delivery port respectively in the sprue, and the sprue that both ends have water inlet and delivery port sets up with the central line symmetry of plate body width direction.
2. The anode plate for electrolytic tank according to claim 1, wherein three main flow channels are provided, two are provided at the edges in the width direction of the plate body, one is provided at the middle in the width direction of the plate body, and two main flow channels provided at the edges of the plate body are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
3. The anode plate for electrolytic tank according to claim 2, wherein the branched flow channels are symmetrically arranged with respect to the main flow channel in the middle portion of the plate body in the width direction.
4. A electrolyser anode plate as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plate body portion surrounded by the main runner and the branch runners forms a block, said block being lobed.
5. The utility model provides a negative plate of electrolysis trough, its characterized in that, the negative plate includes the rectangular plate body, has seted up a plurality of runners on the face of rectangular plate body, and a plurality of runners are curved radiation extension all around from plate body central point, and a plurality of runners divide into a plurality of groups, and every group runner all contains the runner more than two, and same group runner is close to the terminal confluence of plate body edge and extends to same gas outlet, and the plate body part that encloses between every adjacent two runners of group forms the block, the block is the lobed shape of lung.
6. The cathode plate of claim 5, wherein the plurality of flow channels are divided into four groups, each group comprising three flow channels, and the corresponding air outlets of each group of flow channels are respectively arranged at four corners of the plate body.
7. The cathode plate as recited in claim 6, wherein the four sets of flow channels are symmetrical about a centerline of the plate body in a length direction and symmetrical about a centerline of the plate body in a width direction.
8. The cathode plate as recited in claim 7, wherein each of the sets of flow channels includes a longitudinal flow channel extending from a center of the plate body in a length direction of the plate body, a transverse flow channel extending from the center of the plate body in a width direction of the plate body, and an oblique flow channel in a region defined by the transverse flow channel and the longitudinal flow channel, the oblique flow channel extending toward the gas outlet, and ends of the transverse flow channel and the longitudinal flow channel are each converged to the corresponding gas outlet by the flow channel extending along an edge of the plate body.
9. The electrolyser cathode plate as claimed in claim 8, wherein adjacent groups of runners share either transverse or longitudinal runners.
10. A proton exchange membrane electrolyzer comprising a bipolar plate structure comprising an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane between the anode plate and the cathode plate, wherein the anode plate is the anode plate of any one of claims 1-4 and/or the cathode plate is the cathode plate of any one of claims 5-9.
11. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 10 wherein the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer has a plurality of bipolar plates, the plurality of bipolar plates being stacked.
12. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 11 characterized in that the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises water inlet channels vertically arranged and communicated with water inlets of each bipolar plate structure, the cross-sectional area of the water inlet channels is gradually reduced along the water flow direction, and the cross-section of the inner cavity of the water inlet channels is in a unitary circular shape.
13. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 12 wherein the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises vertically arranged water outlet channels which are communicated with the water outlets of the bipolar plate structures, the cross-sectional area of the water outlet channels is unchanged along the water flow direction, and the cross-section of the inner cavity of the water outlet channels is unitary.
14. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 13 wherein the water inlet flow channel and the water outlet flow channel are respectively positioned at the edges of the two ends of the plate body in the length direction, the water outlet flow channel is positioned at the edges of the two ends of the plate body in the width direction, and the water inlet flow channel, the water outlet flow channel and the water outlet flow channel are positioned at the four corners of the plate body.

Description

Proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic tanks, in particular to a proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank. Background The development of clean and renewable green energy has become an important subject in global energy technology leather, and hydrogen energy is used as a high-quality secondary energy, has important application potential in energy storage and utilization, and is beneficial to the electric quantity consumption of new energy. With the large-scale development of renewable energy power and the reduction of cost, the market share of green electricity hydrogen production technology is gradually increased. Among a plurality of water electrolysis hydrogen production technologies, the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is particularly suitable for being coupled with intermittent renewable energy power generation to realize green hydrogen production due to the advantages of high dynamic response speed, wide operating load range, compact system structure and the like. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is mainly composed of a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a gas diffusion layer and other main components, wherein the bipolar plate is used as one of the core components of the bipolar plate to play roles in transporting electrons, dredging a gas-liquid mixture and the like. The flow channels are an important part of the design of the PEM end plate/bipolar plate, the flow channel arrangement has direct influence on the uniform distribution and effective transmission of reactants and products, and the ideal flow channels can improve the quality transmission of the reactants to the catalytic layer, the rapid discharge of the products and the like, and improve the efficiency of the electrolytic cell. The design of the water electrolysis channel directly influences the distribution of the working medium water in the electrolysis region and the effective transmission of the gas, and if the design of the water electrolysis channel is unreasonable or imperfect, the efficiency of the electrolysis channel is influenced, hot spots are formed in the electrolysis channel, and the service life of the electrolysis channel is further influenced. In the prior art, proton exchange membrane electrolytic cells are widely used in the technology of producing hydrogen by water electrolysis. As disclosed in the patent application publication No. 2023.08.11 and CN116575046a, the cathode plate and the anode plate are rectangular, and the water flow channel on the anode plate and the hydrogen flow channel on the cathode plate are grid-shaped, which includes a transverse flow channel and a longitudinal flow channel, and the flow channel structure can ensure uniform distribution of water flow on the anode plate and uniform collection of hydrogen on the cathode plate, but the transverse flow channel and the longitudinal flow channel vertically meet, so that the flow resistance of water or air flow is larger and the flow is compensated in the flow field flowing process. And as the application publication number is 2024.01.26, the invention patent application with the application publication number of CN117448859A discloses a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell with a diversion structure in a flow field and an electrolytic cell thereof, the electrolytic cell comprises a bipolar plate body, positive M-shaped electrolytic areas corresponding to the middle of an anode plate surface and a cathode plate surface of the bipolar plate body respectively, the electrolytic areas are formed by circumferential arrangement of M single-leaf pulse flow field units, the single-leaf pulse flow field units comprise a primary flow channel, a secondary flow channel and a diversion flow channel which extend towards the center of the electrolytic areas, and the diversion structure formed by different flow channels is added in the flow field. However, the bipolar plate structure of the invention is crisscrossed and is formed by arranging a plurality of vane flow field units circumferentially, so that the resistance to material flow is increased to a certain extent, the flow rate of water in the anode plate flow field and hydrogen in the cathode plate flow field is reduced, and the difficulty is increased in producing the bipolar plate due to the densely distributed flow channel structure. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank which is used for solving the problem that in the prior art, the flow rate of water in an anode plate flow field and hydrogen in a cathode plate is reduced due to the fact that a bipolar plate flow channel structure of the electrolytic tank is too complex, and also aims to provide an anode plate and a cathode plate which are used for solving the technical problems. In order to achieve the technical purpose, the in