CN-121992428-A - Surface modification method and device for improving catalytic activity of metal material, metal catalytic material prepared by method and application of metal catalytic material

Abstract

The application provides a surface modification method and a device for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material, the metal catalytic material and application thereof, wherein the surface modification method for improving the catalytic activity of the metal material comprises the steps of providing the metal material; applying a surface mechanical grinding treatment to the surface of the metal material, wherein the surface mechanical grinding treatment comprises the steps of generating shock waves through a vibration generator to drive spheres to strike the metal material, so that the surface of the metal material is modified to improve the catalytic activity of the metal material. In the embodiment of the application, the metal catalytic material subjected to surface mechanical grinding treatment has high catalytic activity and good catalytic stability, can be applied to an alkaline electrolytic tank and an anion exchange membrane electrolytic tank, and can greatly improve the hydrogen production efficiency of electrolytic water and realize hydrogen production of electrolytic water under high current density.

Inventors

• LV JIAN
• GU JIALUN
• JIANG JIALI
• LI LANXI

Assignees

• 香港城市大学深圳研究院

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20241101

Claims (20)

1. 1. A surface modification method for improving catalytic activity of a metal material, the surface modification method for improving catalytic activity of a metal material comprising: Providing a metal material; applying a surface mechanical grinding treatment to the surface of the metal material, wherein the surface mechanical grinding treatment comprises the steps of generating shock waves through a vibration generator to drive spheres to strike the metal material, so that the surface of the metal material is modified to improve the catalytic activity of the metal material.
2. 2. The surface modification method for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal material is any one of nickel, iron, cobalt, copper, titanium, nickel alloy, iron alloy, cobalt alloy, copper alloy, and titanium alloy.
3. 3. The surface modification method for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein the metal material is a net-like metal, a plate-like metal or a tubular metal.
4. 4. The surface modification method for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein the sphere is a ceramic sphere or a metal sphere.
5. 5. The surface modification method for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material according to claim 4, wherein the metal sphere is a nickel sphere, an iron sphere, a copper sphere, a titanium sphere, a nickel alloy sphere, an iron alloy sphere, a cobalt alloy sphere, a copper alloy sphere or a titanium alloy sphere.
6. 6. The surface modification method for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the metal material subjected to the surface mechanical polishing treatment is deformed, changed in microstructure, and subjected to residual stress.
7. 7. The surface modification method for improving catalytic activity of a metal material according to claim 6, wherein the surface of the metal material subjected to the surface mechanical polishing treatment comprises nanocrystals, the metal material subjected to the surface mechanical polishing treatment gradually increases in size from the surface to the inside, and the metal material is made to constitute a gradient structure composed of nanocrystals and non-nanocrystals.
8. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the vibration generator is an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and in the step of driving a sphere to strike the metal material by the vibration generator, the ultrasonic transducer converts an electric signal generated by the ultrasonic power supply into an oscillating wave, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer emits the oscillating wave, and the oscillating wave emitted by the ultrasonic amplitude transformer drives the sphere to move in a reflecting chamber and strike the metal material in the reflecting chamber.
9. 9. The surface modification method for increasing the catalytic activity of a metallic material as recited in claim 8, wherein the ultrasonic power source has a power of 1 kw to 10 kw.
10. 10. The surface modification process for increasing the catalytic activity of a metallic material as recited in claim 8, wherein the surface of the metallic material is spaced from the ultrasonic horn by a distance of from 5 millimeters to 100 millimeters.
11. 11. The surface modification method for improving the catalytic activity of a metallic material as recited in claim 8, wherein the spheres have a diameter of 0.5 mm to 5 mm.
12. 12. The surface modification method for increasing the catalytic activity of a metallic material according to claim 1, wherein the metallic material is in an annealed state or is not heat-treated.
13. 13. The surface modification device for improving the catalytic activity of the metal material is characterized by comprising a sample stage, a reflecting cavity, a sphere and a vibration generator, wherein the sample stage is used for placing the metal material, the sample stage is arranged in the reflecting cavity, the sphere is movably arranged in the reflecting cavity, and the vibration generator is used for generating vibration waves so as to drive the sphere to move in the reflecting cavity and strike the metal material on the sample stage.
14. 14. The surface modifying apparatus of claim 13, wherein the metal material is any one of nickel, iron, cobalt, copper, titanium, a nickel alloy, an iron alloy, a cobalt alloy, a copper alloy, and a titanium alloy, the metal material is a mesh metal, a plate-like metal, or a tubular metal, and the spheres are ceramic spheres or metal spheres.
15. 15. The surface modifying apparatus of claim 13, wherein the vibration generator is specifically an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator comprises an ultrasonic power source, an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic horn connected to the ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer is configured to convert an electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic power source into an oscillating wave, the ultrasonic horn is configured to emit the oscillating wave, and the oscillating wave emitted by the ultrasonic horn is configured to drive the sphere to move in the reflective chamber.
16. 16. The surface modifying apparatus of claim 15, wherein the surface of the metallic material is spaced from the ultrasonic horn by a distance of from 5mm to 100 mm, the sphere has a diameter of from 0.5 mm to 5mm, and the ultrasonic power source has a power of from 1 kw to 10 kw.
17. 17. A metal catalytic material produced by the surface modification method for improving catalytic activity of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
18. 18. The metal catalytic material of claim 17, wherein the surface of the metal catalytic material comprises nanocrystals.
19. 19. The metallic catalytic material of claim 18, wherein the metallic catalytic material increases in size from surface to interior grains, and wherein the metallic catalytic material forms a gradient structure comprised of nanocrystalline and non-nanocrystalline grains.
20. 20. Use of a metal catalytic material prepared by a surface modification method for increasing catalytic activity of the metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 12 in hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

Description

Surface modification method and device for improving catalytic activity of metal material, metal catalytic material prepared by method and application of metal catalytic material Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of material surface modification, in particular to a surface modification method and device for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material, a metal catalytic material prepared by the method and application thereof. Background Hydrogen is an important energy carrier for sustainable energy development due to its high gravimetric energy density and combustion cleaning properties. The renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like are utilized to electrolyze water to prepare hydrogen, so that the clean zero carbon emission of hydrogen production can be realized. The most mature technology in the current water electrolysis hydrogen production industry is alkaline water electrolysis tank hydrogen production, the alkaline water electrolysis tank hydrogen production technology is relatively mature, the hydrogen production cost is low, and large-scale commercial application is realized. The electrode and catalytic material for producing hydrogen by using alkaline electrolytic water tank are widely made of low-cost and high-stability metal net. With the rapid development of the green hydrogen industry, the rapid hydrogen production under high current density is a development direction of the green hydrogen industry. However, the low activity of catalytic materials in alkaline electrolysis baths has become a key technical bottleneck limiting the development of hydrogen energy. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a surface modification method and device for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material, a metal catalytic material prepared by the method and application thereof, so as to adapt to the requirements of an alkaline electrolysis water tank on the high catalytic activity and the high catalytic stability of the catalytic material. In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a surface modification method for improving catalytic activity of a metal material, comprising: Providing a metal material; applying a surface mechanical grinding treatment to the surface of the metal material, wherein the surface mechanical grinding treatment comprises the steps of generating shock waves through a vibration generator to drive spheres to strike the metal material, so that the surface of the metal material is modified to improve the catalytic activity of the metal material. Optionally, the material of the metal material is any one of nickel, iron, cobalt, copper, titanium, nickel alloy, iron alloy, cobalt alloy, copper alloy and titanium alloy. Optionally, the metal material is a mesh metal, a plate metal or a tubular metal. Optionally, the sphere is a ceramic sphere or a metal sphere. Optionally, the metal ball is a nickel ball, an iron ball, a copper ball, a titanium ball, a nickel alloy ball, an iron alloy ball, a cobalt alloy ball, a copper alloy ball or a titanium alloy ball. Optionally, the surface of the metal material subjected to the surface mechanical polishing treatment is deformed, changed in microstructure and subjected to residual stress. Optionally, the surface of the metal material after the surface mechanical polishing treatment includes nanocrystals, the size of the crystal grains of the metal material after the surface mechanical polishing treatment gradually increases from the surface to the inside, and the metal material forms a gradient structure composed of nanocrystals and non-nanocrystals. Optionally, the vibration generator is specifically an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and in the step of driving the sphere to strike the metal material through the vibration generator, the ultrasonic transducer converts an electric signal generated by the ultrasonic power supply into a vibration wave, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer emits the vibration wave, and the vibration wave emitted by the ultrasonic amplitude transformer drives the sphere to move in the reflection cavity and strike the metal material in the reflection cavity. Optionally, the ultrasonic power supply power is 1 kw to 10 kw. Optionally, the surface of the metallic material is at a distance of 5mm to 100 mm from the ultrasonic horn. Optionally, the sphere has a diameter of 0.5 mm to 5 mm. Optionally, the metallic material is in an annealed state or is not heat treated. The application also provides a surface modification device for improving the catalytic activity of a metal material, which comprises a sample stage, a reflecting cavity, a sphere and a vibration generator, wherein the sample stage i