CN-121992451-A - Electrolytic voltage dynamic induction regulation and control method for alkaline solution electrolytic hydrogen production

CN121992451ACN 121992451 ACN121992451 ACN 121992451ACN-121992451-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolytic voltage dynamic induction regulation method for alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production, which is realized by a regulation circuit and comprises the steps of obtaining the input power of an alkaline electrolytic tank and comparing the input power with a set power; the control circuit is controlled to operate in a traditional direct current electrolysis mode if the input power is greater than or equal to the set power, is controlled to operate in a dynamic induced electrolysis mode if the input power is less than the set power, and is adaptively controlled according to the input power and the electrochemical state of the alkaline electrolytic cell in the dynamic induced electrolysis mode to control the amplitude and the frequency of the electrolysis current applied to the alkaline electrolytic cell so as to inhibit corrosion of the nickel electrode by the reverse current and prolong the service life of the alkaline electrolytic cell. The invention can realize the regulation and control of the electrolytic voltage by only adjusting the electrolytic current on the premise of not changing the electrode materials and the body structure of the alkaline electrolytic tank, has no other additional loss materials, and has good economic value and wide application prospect.

Inventors

XIA YANGHONG
WANG JIN
CHENG HAORAN
WEI WEI

Assignees

浙江大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260410

Claims (8)

1. The electrolytic voltage dynamic induction regulation and control method for the alkaline liquid electrolytic hydrogen production is characterized by being realized by a regulation and control circuit and specifically comprising the following steps: the input power of the alkaline electrolytic cell is obtained and compared with the set power; if the input power is greater than or equal to the set power, the control and regulation circuit is controlled to operate in a traditional direct current electrolysis mode; if the input power is smaller than the set power, controlling the regulating circuit to operate in a dynamic induced electrolysis mode; The regulating circuit comprises a direct current/direct current converter circuit and an electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit, wherein the input end of the direct current/direct current converter circuit is connected with a direct current power supply, the output end of the direct current/direct current converter circuit is connected with the input end of the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit, and the output end of the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit is connected with an alkaline electrolytic tank; In the dynamic induced electrolysis mode, the amplitude and the frequency of the electrolysis current applied to the alkaline electrolysis cell are adaptively regulated according to the input power and the electrochemical state of the alkaline electrolysis cell so as to inhibit corrosion of the nickel electrode by the reverse current.
2. The method for dynamically inducing and regulating and controlling the electrolytic voltage for the electrolytic hydrogen production of alkali liquor according to claim 1, wherein the direct current/direct current converter circuit is any one of a phase-shifting full-bridge converter, a double-active-bridge converter and a buck circuit.
3. The electrolytic voltage dynamic induction regulation method for the alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production according to claim 1 is characterized in that the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit comprises a first switch tube, an inductor, a capacitor, a diode and a second switch tube, wherein a collector electrode of the first switch tube is connected with an anode output end of the direct current/direct current conversion circuit, an emitter electrode of the first switch tube is simultaneously connected with one end of the inductor and a collector electrode of the second switch tube, the other end of the inductor is simultaneously connected with an anode of the capacitor and an anode of the diode, a cathode of the diode is used as an anode output end of the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit and is connected with an anode of the alkaline electrolytic tank, and an emitter electrode of the second switch tube, a cathode of the capacitor and a cathode output end of the direct current/direct current conversion circuit are jointly used as cathode output ends of the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit and are connected with a cathode of the alkaline electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit.
4. The method for dynamically inducing and regulating and controlling the electrolytic voltage for the electrolytic hydrogen production of alkali liquor according to claim 1, wherein the conventional direct current electrolysis mode comprises: The full-control switching tube inside the direct current/direct current converting circuit is controlled to make the direct current/direct current converting circuit output stable current, and meanwhile, the first switching tube is controlled to be normally on, and the second switching tube is controlled to be normally off, so that the current flowing through the inductor is continuous and equal to the input current.
5. The method for dynamically inducing and regulating the electrolytic voltage for the electrolytic hydrogen production by the alkali liquor according to claim 1, wherein in the dynamic induced electrolysis mode, the amplitude of the electrolytic current is regulated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the maximum value of the current flowing through the inductor to be equal to the optimal electrolysis current under the current input power, wherein the optimal electrolysis current is determined according to the following formula: ; in the formula, For the optimal electrolysis current at the current input power, D is the ratio of the input power to the rated power of the alkaline electrolyzer at the optimal electrolysis efficiency, Setting the input power as the set power Corresponding to the electrolysis current.
6. The method for dynamically inducing and regulating the electrolytic voltage for the electrolytic hydrogen production by the alkali liquor according to claim 1, wherein in the dynamic induced electrolysis mode, the duty ratio of the electrolytic current is regulated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the electrolysis current in a switching cycle so that the ratio of the time of the plate voltage higher than the threshold voltage applied to the two ends of the alkaline electrolyzer to the whole cycle is the duty ratio ; The threshold voltage is a critical voltage of a cathode polar plate converted into nickel hydroxide from metallic nickel in a primary battery consisting of a bipolar plate of an alkaline electrolytic tank and alkali liquor under the working condition that the input power is smaller than the set power; The duty cycle is that And adjusting according to the real-time input power, wherein the following formula is satisfied: ; in the formula, For the real-time input power of the alkaline electrolyzer, Is the input power of the alkaline electrolyzer at the highest electrolysis efficiency.
7. The method for dynamically inducing and regulating the electrolytic voltage for the electrolytic hydrogen production by the alkali liquor according to claim 6, wherein in the dynamic induced electrolysis mode, the frequency of the electrolytic current is regulated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: Monitoring in real time the voltage of a single electrolysis cell in an alkaline electrolyzer And at the time of monitoring the voltage Satisfy the following requirements When according to the duty cycle Self-adaptive adjustment of electrolytic current frequency Wherein A critical voltage at which metallic nickel begins to transform into nickel hydroxide; the adjusted frequency Satisfies the following formula: ; in the formula, The input power of the alkaline electrolytic cell is smaller than the generation time of the reverse current when the set power, The input power of the alkaline electrolyzer is less than the reaction time constant for the metallic nickel to start to be converted into nickel hydroxide at the set power.
8. The method for dynamically inducing and regulating and controlling electrolytic voltage for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing alkali liquor according to claim 7, wherein the duty ratio is as follows And the frequency The regulation and control of the first switch and the second switch are realized by controlling the signal generator to adaptively adjust the switching frequency of the first switch and the second switch.

Description

Electrolytic voltage dynamic induction regulation and control method for alkaline solution electrolytic hydrogen production Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production in the field of new energy, and particularly relates to an electrolysis voltage dynamic induction regulation method for alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production. Background Energy is an important material basis for human survival and development, and low-carbon development of energy is concerned in the future. Hydrogen energy is a secondary energy source with rich sources, green low carbon and wide application, and is becoming one of important carriers for global energy transformation development gradually. With the development of renewable energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy, electric hydrogen production has been attracting attention because of no pollution of products. The current renewable energy hydrogen production schemes include alkaline water electrolysis technology, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology, anion exchange membrane water electrolysis technology and solid oxide water electrolysis technology. The alkaline water electrolysis technology is suitable for large-scale deployment due to the advantages of low initial investment cost, high maturity of the water electrolysis technology, relatively low operation and maintenance cost and the like. However, the electrolytic hydrogen production of renewable energy sources has various problems, such as frequent low-power electrolysis of the alkaline electrolytic tank in the process of water electrolysis and forced shutdown in severe cases, due to intermittent and fluctuating renewable energy sources, and further, for example, the alkaline electrolytic tank can spontaneously generate reverse current in low-power electrolysis, which can corrode electrodes, shorten the service life of the alkaline electrolytic tank, and further increase the operation and maintenance costs of the alkaline electrolytic tank. Therefore, a method for dynamically inducing and regulating the electrolytic voltage of alkaline liquid electrolytic hydrogen production is needed to solve the above problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a dynamic induction regulation and control method for electrolytic voltage of alkaline liquid electrolytic hydrogen production, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The invention successfully solves the inherent defect that the alkaline electrolytic tank is difficult to adapt to frequent power fluctuation and even forced shutdown, and provides reliable guarantee for long-term, stable and efficient operation of the alkaline electrolytic tank under the power generation of new energy. The invention aims at realizing the technical scheme that the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction regulation and control method for the alkaline liquid electrolytic hydrogen production is realized through a regulation and control circuit and specifically comprises the following steps: the input power of the alkaline electrolytic cell is obtained and compared with the set power; if the input power is greater than or equal to the set power, the control and regulation circuit is controlled to operate in a traditional direct current electrolysis mode; if the input power is smaller than the set power, controlling the regulating circuit to operate in a dynamic induced electrolysis mode; The regulating circuit comprises a direct current/direct current converter circuit and an electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit, wherein the input end of the direct current/direct current converter circuit is connected with a direct current power supply, the output end of the direct current/direct current converter circuit is connected with the input end of the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit, and the output end of the electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit is connected with an alkaline electrolytic tank; In the dynamic induced electrolysis mode, the amplitude and the frequency of the electrolysis current applied to the alkaline electrolysis cell are adaptively regulated according to the input power and the electrochemical state of the alkaline electrolysis cell so as to inhibit corrosion of the nickel electrode by the reverse current. Further, the direct current/direct current converting circuit is any one of a phase-shifting full-bridge converter, a double-active-bridge converter and a buck circuit. The electrolytic voltage dynamic induction circuit comprises a first switch tube, an inductor, a capacitor, a diode and a second switch tube, wherein a collector electrode of the first switch tube is connected with an anode output end of the direct current/direct current conversion circuit, an emitter electrode of the first switch tube is simultaneously connected with one end of the inductor and a collector electrode of the second switch tube, the other end of the inductor is simul