CN-121992457-A - Crust breaking hammer head for aluminum electrolysis and preparation method

CN121992457ACN 121992457 ACN121992457 ACN 121992457ACN-121992457-A

Abstract

The application discloses a crust breaking hammer head for aluminum electrolysis and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problem that the cleaning efficiency of sticking a crust breaking hammer head in the prior art is low. The crust breaking hammer head comprises a hammer body, a core body and a hammer handle, wherein the hammer body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged along the axial direction, the first end of the hammer body is blocked, the second end of the hammer body is open, the hammer body is provided with a cavity which extends to the first end of the hammer body along the second end of the hammer body, the core body is arranged in the cavity of the hammer body, the core body is in interference fit with the cavity of the hammer body, the hammer handle is connected with the second end of the hammer body, and the second end of the hammer body is blocked. Wherein, the heat conductivity of core is greater than the heat conductivity of hammer body, and the corrosion resistance of hammer body is greater than the corrosion resistance of core. Therefore, the method not only can improve the opening ratio of the fire hole, reduce the occurrence frequency of the anode effect and improve the cleaning efficiency, but also can reduce the erosion of the crust breaking hammer head and the repeated impact on the crust breaking cylinder caused by the blockage of the crust breaking head, thereby prolonging the service life of the crust breaking head and reducing the production cost.

Inventors

CHEN KAIBIN
NIU HONGKUN
LI DONGSHENG
LIU WANCHAO
WANG HUAIJIANG
ZHANG YANAN
LIU DAN
CAO YONGFENG
MA JUNYI
WANG HUIYAO

Assignees

中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260403

Claims (10)

1. A crust-breaking hammer for aluminium electrolysis, comprising: The hammer comprises a hammer body, wherein the hammer body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged along the axial direction, the first end of the hammer body is blocked, the second end of the hammer body is open, the hammer body is provided with a cavity, and the cavity extends to the first end part of the hammer body along the second end of the hammer body; The core body is arranged in the cavity of the hammer body and is in interference fit with the cavity of the hammer body; the hammer handle is connected with the second end of the hammer body and seals the second end of the hammer body; the heat conductivity of the core body is larger than that of the hammer body, and the corrosion resistance of the hammer body is larger than that of the core body.
2. The crust-breaking hammer head for the electrolysis of aluminum according to claim 1, wherein the hammer shank has a first end and a second end which are oppositely disposed, the first end of the hammer shank being connected to the second end of the hammer body.
3. The crust-breaking hammer for the electrolysis of aluminum according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the hammer shank has a tendency to gradually decrease from the first end of the hammer shank to the second end of the hammer shank.
4. A crust-breaking hammer for the electrolysis of aluminium according to claim 3, wherein the hammer shank comprises a conical section and a cylindrical section connected to each other.
5. The crust-breaking hammer for the electrolysis of aluminum according to claim 4, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the conical section of the hammer shank is equal to the outer diameter of the hammer body.
6. The crust-breaking hammer for aluminum electrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cavity of the hammer body is cylindrical, the core is cylindrical, and the core is coaxially arranged with the hammer body.
7. The crust-breaking hammer for aluminum electrolysis according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the volume ratio of the hammer body to the core body is 1:0.53 to 0.63; the ratio of the outer diameter of the hammer body to the outer diameter of the core body is 1:0.65-0.75; The ratio of the length of the hammer body to the length of the core body is 1:0.75-0.85.
8. The crust-breaking hammer for the electrolysis of aluminum according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hammer body is machined or cast integrally; The core body is made of copper alloy; the hammer handle is made of low-carbon steel; the tensile strength of the welding seam between the hammer body and the hammer handle is greater than 300MPa.
9. The crust-breaking hammer for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 8, wherein the hammer body comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 49% -63% of Ni, 14% -26% of Mo, 16% -33% of Cu, 1% -2.5% of Fe, 0.05% -0.10% of C, 0.5% -1% of Cr and 1% -5% of Co; The core body comprises, by mass, 98.5% -99.5% of Cu, 0.2% -0.8% of Cr, 0.07% -0.15% of Zr, 0.05% -0.19% of Ag and 0.02% -0.05% of Y.
10. A method for manufacturing a crust-breaking hammer for aluminium electrolysis according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of: The core body is assembled in a cavity of the hammer body in a hot-filling or cold-filling mode, so that the core body is in interference fit with the hammer body; the method comprises the steps of firstly heating a hammer body to 120-280 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 minutes, then placing the core body into the cavity of the hammer body, and then mounting the core body into the cavity of the hammer body in a cold-loading manner, wherein the method comprises the steps of firstly cooling an inner core to-40-160 ℃, preserving heat for 20-28 minutes, and then placing the inner core into the cavity of the hammer body; And welding the second end of the hammer body and the hammer handle through friction welding, wherein the second end of the hammer body and the hammer handle are welded through friction welding, specifically, the pre-friction pressure is 2.5-2.8 MPa, the upsetting pressure is 8.8-9.3 MPa, and the upsetting rotating speed is 2800-2900 n/min.

Description

Crust breaking hammer head for aluminum electrolysis and preparation method Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and particularly relates to a crust breaking hammer for aluminum electrolysis and a preparation method thereof. Background The crust breaking hammer is a key component of an automatic blanking system of the prebaked anode aluminum electrolytic cell, and has the function of periodically opening the electrolyte shell surface to realize automatic addition of electrolytic raw materials. In the crust breaking operation process, the liquid electrolyte is easy to adhere to the surface of the hammer head, an adhesive layer is formed after the electrolyte is solidified, and the adhesive package is continuously increased along with the accumulated striking times to finally form the crust head package. If the shell head bag is not cleaned in time, the shell head bag can directly cause the blockage of the fire hole of the electrolytic tank to prevent the normal addition of raw materials and cause the increase of anode effect and PFC emission, and meanwhile, the blockage hammer head is soaked in high-temperature electrolyte for a long time, the surface is continuously eroded, the service life of the hammer head is shortened, the crust breaking cylinder is easily damaged, and the production cost is remarkably increased. In the prior art, mechanical cleaning is generally adopted to clean, for example, a scraper is used for removing the adhesion on the surface of a hammer head, or a knocking and cutting mechanism is adopted for breaking and removing the formed shell head packet. But mechanical cleaning has the technical problems of delayed cleaning time, unstable effect and high maintenance cost, and can not fundamentally solve the problem of sticking the hammer head. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a crust breaking hammer for aluminum electrolysis and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the technical problem of low cleaning efficiency of sticking a hammer at present. In a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a crust-breaking hammer for aluminium electrolysis, comprising: The hammer comprises a hammer body, wherein the hammer body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged along the axial direction, the first end of the hammer body is blocked, the second end of the hammer body is open, the hammer body is provided with a cavity, and the cavity extends to the first end part of the hammer body along the second end of the hammer body; The core body is arranged in the cavity of the hammer body and is in interference fit with the cavity of the hammer body; the hammer handle is connected with the second end of the hammer body and seals the second end of the hammer body; the heat conductivity of the core body is larger than that of the hammer body, and the corrosion resistance of the hammer body is larger than that of the core body. In some embodiments, the hammer shank has oppositely disposed first and second ends, the first end of the hammer shank being connected to the second end of the hammer body. In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the hammer shank tapers from a first end of the hammer shank to a second end of the hammer shank. In some embodiments, the hammer handle includes a conical section and a cylindrical section that are connected to each other. In some embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of the conical section of the hammer shank is equal to the outer diameter of the hammer body. In some embodiments, the cavity of the hammer body is cylindrical, the core is cylindrical, and the core is disposed coaxially with the hammer body. In some embodiments, the volume ratio of the hammer body to the core body is 1:0.53-0.63; the ratio of the outer diameter of the hammer body to the outer diameter of the core body is 1:0.65-0.75; The ratio of the length of the hammer body to the length of the core body is 1:0.75-0.85. In some embodiments, the hammer body is machined or integrally cast; The core body is made of copper alloy; the hammer handle is made of low-carbon steel; the tensile strength of the welding seam between the hammer body and the hammer handle is greater than 300MPa. In some embodiments, the hammer body comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 49% -63% of Ni, 14% -26% of Mo, 16% -33% of Cu, 1% -2.5% of Fe, 0.05% -0.10% of C, 0.5% -1% of Cr and 1% -5% of Co; The core body comprises, by mass, 98.5% -99.5% of Cu, 0.2% -0.8% of Cr, 0.07% -0.15% of Zr, 0.05% -0.19% of Ag and 0.02% -0.05% of Y. In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for manufacturing a crust-breaking hammer for aluminum electrolysis based on the above, comprising the steps of: The core body is assembled in a cavity of the hammer body in a hot-filling or cold-filling mode, so that the core body is in interference fit with the hammer body; the method compr