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CN-121992459-A - Automatic aluminum electrolysis cell discharging and impurity removing device and method based on pressure sensing linkage

CN121992459ACN 121992459 ACN121992459 ACN 121992459ACN-121992459-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis cells, and discloses an automatic blanking and impurity removing device and method of an aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage, comprising a bottom shell, wherein an anode electrolysis device is arranged above the bottom shell, an exhaust port is fixedly arranged in the bottom shell, a mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the anode electrolysis device, the outer wall of mounting bracket installs a plurality of positive pole steel bars, the outer wall of anodic electrolytic device is fixed to be provided with a plurality of positive pole carbon blocks, the inside at the drain pan is installed to the positive pole carbon block, a plurality of negative pole steel bar sockets have been seted up to the inside of drain pan, negative pole steel bar socket is used for installing the negative pole steel bar, drain pan internally mounted has pressure sensor. The internal pressure is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor, when the pressure exceeds a preset maximum threshold value, the blanking rate of raw materials is automatically slowed down, automatic control of the blanking rate is realized, the raw materials are guaranteed to fully react, and the reaction efficiency is greatly improved.

Inventors

  • LU BOYANG
  • KONG LINGJU

Assignees

  • 河南科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260306

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage comprises a bottom shell (1) and is characterized in that an anode electrolysis device (2) is arranged above the bottom shell (1), an exhaust port (3) is fixedly arranged in the bottom shell (1), a mounting frame (4) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the anode electrolysis device (2), a plurality of anode steel bars (5) are arranged on the outer wall of the mounting frame (4), a plurality of anode carbon blocks (6) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the anode electrolysis device (2), the anode carbon blocks (6) are arranged in the bottom shell (1), a plurality of cathode steel bar inserting holes (7) are formed in the bottom shell (1), the cathode steel bar inserting holes (7) are used for installing cathode steel bars, a pressure sensor is arranged in the bottom shell (1), and heating carbon blocks are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell (1) and located at the top ends of the cathode steel bars.
  2. 2. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of stirring assemblies (8) are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell (1), the stirring assemblies (8) comprise stirring frames (86), and the stirring frames (86) are rotatably connected in the bottom shell (1).
  3. 3. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage of claim 2, wherein the stirring assembly (8) further comprises a first shell (81), a sliding rod (83) is connected inside the first shell (81) in a sliding mode, one end of the sliding rod (83) is fixedly connected with a first magnetic block (84), the other end of the sliding rod (83) is fixedly provided with a memory metal (82), the outer wall of the first magnetic block (84) is fixedly connected with a connecting rope (85), and the outer wall of the connecting rope (85) is connected with a pulley (9) in a sliding mode.
  4. 4. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of air guide assemblies (10) are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell (1), each air guide assembly (10) comprises an air exhaust box (104), each air exhaust box (104) is installed in the bottom shell (1), a plurality of air outlets are formed in the air exhaust box (104), and the air outlets are located on one side of a crack between two adjacent anode carbon blocks (6).
  5. 5. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage of claim 4, wherein the air guide assembly (10) further comprises a second shell (102), the second shell (102) is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell (1), a second magnetic block (101) is connected inside the second shell (102) in a sliding mode, one surface, opposite to the first magnetic block (84), of the second magnetic block (101) is magnetically repelled, an air bag (103) is attached to one end, far away from the first magnetic block (84), of the second magnetic block (101), the air bag (103) is fixedly arranged inside the second shell (102), and the inside of the air bag (103) is connected inside an exhaust box (104) through an external air guide pipe.
  6. 6. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of cams (11) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring frame (86), and knocking components (12) are slidingly connected to protruding parts of the cams (11).
  7. 7. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage of claim 6, wherein the knocking assembly (12) comprises a transmission block (121), a protruding part of the cam (11) is slidably connected in the transmission block (121), a plurality of hammers (122) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission block (121), the outer wall of the hammers (122) is slidably connected in the bottom shell (1), an elastic piece (123) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the hammers (122), and one end, away from the hammers (122), of the elastic piece (123) is fixedly arranged in the bottom shell (1).
  8. 8. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage of claim 4, wherein an arc-shaped plate (13) is arranged in the bottom shell (1), and the arc-shaped plate (13) and the exhaust box (104) are positioned on the same horizontal line.
  9. 9. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device of the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage of claim 3, wherein the first shell (81) is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell (1), one end, far away from the sliding rod (83), of the memory metal (82) is fixedly arranged in the first shell (81), the pulley (9) is rotationally connected in the bottom shell (1), and one end, far away from the pulley (9), of the connecting rope (85) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the stirring frame (86).
  10. 10. The method of the automatic blanking and impurity removing device of the aluminum electrolysis cell based on the pressure sensing linkage is characterized in that, the automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: S1, pouring uniformly mixed alumina powder and cryolite raw materials into a bottom shell (1), enabling the surface of the raw materials to be higher than the top of an anode carbon block (6), installing a cathode steel rod through a cathode steel rod socket (7), and after power on, heating and melting the raw materials by utilizing the coordination of an anode electrolysis device (2), the cathode steel rod and a heating carbon block, and simultaneously monitoring the internal pressure data of the bottom shell (1) in real time through a pressure sensor in the bottom shell (1); S2, the pressure sensor monitors the internal pressure value of the bottom shell (1) in real time, when the pressure value exceeds a preset maximum threshold value, the raw material discharging rate is automatically reduced, and when the pressure value is lower than a preset minimum threshold value, the raw material discharging rate is automatically increased, so that the internal pressure of the bottom shell (1) is ensured to be maintained in a preset reaction zone, and the raw materials are ensured to fully react; S3, in the heating and melting process of raw materials, a memory metal (82) in the stirring assembly (8) is heated and extends to push a sliding rod (83) and a first magnetic block (84) to slide, a stirring frame (86) is pulled to rotate in a bottom shell (1) through a connecting rope (85) to stir and accelerate the raw materials to melt, meanwhile, the first magnetic block (84) and a second magnetic block (101) push the second magnetic block (101) to compress an air bag (103) through magnetic repulsion, air in the air bag (103) is conveyed to an exhaust box (104) through an air duct, and is blown to a seam of an adjacent anode carbon block (6) through an air outlet to blow raw material scraps remained in the seam to an arc plate (13) and slide into the bottom shell (1) through the arc plate (13); S4, driving the cam (11) to synchronously rotate when the stirring frame (86) rotates, sliding the protruding part of the cam (11) into the transmission block (121) and pushing the protruding part to move upwards, driving the hammer (122) to compress the elastic piece (123), and when the protruding part of the cam (11) is separated from the transmission block (121), releasing elastic force of the elastic piece (123) to drive the hammer (122) to impact the bottom shell (1), and enabling raw material powder attached to the outer wall of the stirring frame (86) to fall into the bottom shell (1) through shaking generated by impact, so that the raw material is ensured to fully participate in electrolytic reaction.

Description

Automatic aluminum electrolysis cell discharging and impurity removing device and method based on pressure sensing linkage Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis cells, in particular to an automatic blanking and impurity removing device and method for an aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage. Background The industrial aluminium electrolytic cell is a core main body device for producing aluminium by electrolysis, takes aluminium oxide molten salt of the aluminium electrolytic cell of the cryolite aluminium electrolytic cell as electrolyte, takes carbon material as electrode, realizes electrolytic reduction reaction of aluminium oxide by means of an electrolytic loop formed by external power supply in a high-temperature molten state, converts electric energy into chemical energy and continuously produces raw aluminium, and is matched with auxiliary structures such as conduction, heat preservation, heat dissipation, feeding, smoke purification and the like. The existing aluminum electrolysis cell lacks an accurate regulation mechanism in the actual production process, the raw material supply rate cannot be adjusted in real time according to the internal reaction state of the electrolysis cell, and the problems that the reaction is insufficient due to excessive raw material input or the production efficiency is affected due to insufficient input often occur, so that the overall effect of the electrolysis reaction is reduced. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an automatic blanking and impurity removing device and method for an aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage, which solve the problems that the existing aluminum electrolysis cell lacks an accurate regulation mechanism in the actual production process and reduces the overall effect of electrolytic reaction. The automatic blanking and impurity removing device for the aluminum electrolysis cell based on pressure sensing linkage comprises a bottom shell, wherein an anode electrolysis device is arranged above the bottom shell, an exhaust port is fixedly arranged in the bottom shell, a mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the anode electrolysis device, a plurality of anode steel bars are arranged on the outer wall of the mounting frame, a plurality of anode carbon blocks are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the anode electrolysis device, the anode carbon blocks are arranged in the bottom shell, a plurality of cathode steel bar inserting holes are formed in the bottom shell and are used for installing cathode steel bars, a pressure sensor is arranged in the bottom shell, heating carbon blocks are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell and are positioned at the top ends of the cathode steel bars. According to the technical scheme, the raw materials such as the alumina powder and the cryolite which are uniformly mixed are poured into the equipment, so that the material level is higher than the top of the anode carbon block, after a power supply is connected, the anode electrolysis device and the cathode steel rod in the cathode steel rod socket are matched for heating and melting the raw materials, a pressure sensor in the equipment monitors the internal pressure in real time in the heating and melting process, and when the pressure exceeds a preset maximum threshold value, the blanking rate of the raw materials is automatically slowed down, so that the automatic control of the blanking rate is realized, the full reaction of the raw materials is ensured, and the reaction efficiency is greatly improved. Preferably, a plurality of stirring assemblies are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell, each stirring assembly comprises a stirring frame, and the stirring frames are rotatably connected in the bottom shell. Preferably, the stirring assembly further comprises a first shell, a sliding rod is connected inside the first shell in a sliding mode, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with a first magnetic block, a memory metal is fixedly arranged at the other end of the sliding rod, a connecting rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first magnetic block, and a pulley is connected to the outer wall of the connecting rope in a sliding mode. Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell is fixedly provided with a plurality of air guide assemblies, each air guide assembly comprises an exhaust box, the exhaust boxes are arranged in the bottom shell, a plurality of air outlets are formed in the exhaust boxes, and the air outlets are located on one side of a crack between two adjacent anode carbon blocks. Preferably, the air guide assembly further comprises a second shell, the second shell is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bottom shell, the second shell is internally connected with a second magnetic block in a sliding