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CN-121992464-A - Preparation method of electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technology

CN121992464ACN 121992464 ACN121992464 ACN 121992464ACN-121992464-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrodeposited aluminum, in particular to a preparation method of electrodeposited aluminum based on a reverse pulse deposition technology, which comprises the following steps of mixing anhydrous aluminum bromide and dimethylbenzene, and stirring until the anhydrous aluminum bromide and dimethylbenzene are dissolved under the protection of inert gas to obtain a nonaqueous electrolyte solution; adding polyethylene glycol into a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, stirring until the polyethylene glycol is uniformly dispersed to obtain the non-aqueous electrolyte solution containing the polyethylene glycol, placing a cathode matrix into the non-aqueous electrolyte solution containing the polyethylene glycol, electrodepositing aluminum by adopting pulse reverse current, taking out the cathode matrix after the electrodeposition is finished in step 4, cooling the cathode matrix under the protection of inert gas, ultrasonically cleaning the cathode matrix by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the cathode matrix in vacuum to obtain an aluminum deposition layer. The aluminum deposition layer prepared by the invention has the advantages of grain refinement, smooth surface, compactness and uniformity.

Inventors

  • YIN YIN
  • LI XUEFA

Assignees

  • 扬州纳力新材料科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260313

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, mixing anhydrous aluminum bromide and dimethylbenzene, and stirring under the protection of inert gas until the anhydrous aluminum bromide and dimethylbenzene are dissolved to obtain a nonaqueous electrolyte solution; step 2, adding polyethylene glycol into the nonaqueous electrolyte solution, and stirring until the polyethylene glycol is uniformly dispersed to obtain a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing polyethylene glycol; step 3, placing the cathode matrix into a non-aqueous electrolyte solution containing polyethylene glycol, and electrodepositing aluminum by adopting pulse reverse current; and 4, taking out the cathode matrix after the electrodeposition is finished, cooling under the protection of inert gas, then ultrasonically cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol, and vacuum drying to obtain an aluminum deposition layer.
  2. 2. The method for preparing electrodeposited aluminum based on the reverse pulse deposition technique of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the anhydrous aluminum bromide in the nonaqueous electrolyte solution is 42% -44% by mass.
  3. 3. The method for preparing electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technology according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of 2000-10000, and the ratio of polyethylene glycol to nonaqueous electrolyte solution in the polyethylene glycol-containing nonaqueous electrolyte solution is 0.05-0.1 g/1L.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the electrodeposited aluminum based on the reverse pulse deposition technique according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cathode matrix is a polyethylene terephthalate film.
  5. 5. The method for preparing electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technique according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas is nitrogen.
  6. 6. The method for preparing electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forward current density of the pulse reverse current is 6-8 mA/cm 2 , the reverse current density is 2-4 mA/cm 2 , the forward power-on time is 1-5 s, and the reverse power-on time is 0.2-1 s.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the electrodeposited aluminum based on the reverse pulse deposition technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working condition of the pulsed reverse current electrodeposited aluminum is that the temperature is 25-40 ℃ and the time is 30-120 min.
  8. 8. The method for preparing electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technique according to claim 1, wherein the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃.
  9. 9. The method for preparing electrodeposited aluminum based on the reverse pulse deposition technique of claim 1, wherein the times of ultrasonic cleaning of absolute ethyl alcohol is 2-3 times, each time is 5-10 min.
  10. 10. The method for preparing electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum drying is carried out at a temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 20-30 min.

Description

Preparation method of electrodeposited aluminum based on reverse pulse deposition technology Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electrodeposited aluminum, in particular to a preparation method of electrodeposited aluminum based on a reverse pulse deposition technology. Background With the rapid development of new energy industry and electronic information technology, the performance requirements of electrochemical energy storage systems such as lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries and the like are increasingly severe, and the cycle life, the safety performance and the energy density become key indexes for measuring the comprehensive performance of the batteries. The current collector is used as an important component of the battery electrode, and has the main functions of collecting current generated by active substances and outputting the current to the outside, and the structural design and the material selection of the current collector are directly related to the internal resistance, the mass specific energy and the thermal stability of the battery. Currently, copper foil or aluminum foil is widely used as a current collector material for the anode and cathode plates of commercial lithium ion batteries and sodium ion batteries. Although such metal foils have a well-established manufacturing process and good electrical conductivity, their higher density and cost limit to some extent the further increase in battery energy density and reduction in manufacturing costs. To break through the above-mentioned bottlenecks, functional current collector materials have been developed and exhibit significant application advantages. The functional current collector generally presents a sandwich-type multilayer structure, wherein a middle layer is made of a light high polymer material (such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene and the like), and metal conductive layers (such as aluminum or copper) are deposited on two sides of the middle layer. The structural design not only reserves the conductivity of the metal layer, but also can effectively reduce the overall quality of the current collector by means of the low-density characteristic of the high polymer layer, thereby improving the quality energy density of the battery. In addition, the thickness of the metal layer on the surface of the functional current collector is thinner, and the metal layer is easier to fuse or break when the battery is in thermal runaway, so that the electric connection between the active substance and the current collector is cut off, the thermal runaway is restrained from spreading, and the safety of the battery is improved. In the technology for preparing the metal layer of the functional current collector, the electrodeposition method is widely paid attention to because of strong process controllability and suitability for large-scale production. The electrodeposition technology based on the aluminum bromide-organic solvent system can realize the deposition of an aluminum metal layer under a non-aqueous condition, and is suitable for a substrate material sensitive to water. However, the existing researches and practices show that when the electrodeposition is carried out by adopting an aluminum bromide-xylene system, the obtained aluminum deposition layer often has the problems of coarse grains and poor surface flatness, and the deposition efficiency needs to be further improved. Although research has been attempted to optimize deposition quality by means of adding grain refiners, adjusting current density, or changing deposition waveforms, there has been no systematic report of polyethylene glycol as an additive in combination with pulse reverse current techniques to achieve synergistic enhancement of microstructure control and deposition efficiency of aluminum deposition layers. In summary, an improved electrodeposition method based on reverse pulse deposition technology is developed, based on an aluminum bromide-xylene system, functional additives are introduced and a current mode is optimized, and the method has important significance for realizing controllable preparation of a high-performance aluminum deposition layer and promoting application of a functional current collector in a next-generation high-specific-energy battery. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the conventional aluminum bromide system electrodeposition technology, and provides a high-efficiency electrodeposition method which can obviously refine grains of a deposition layer, inhibit dendrite generation, improve surface uniformity and compactness and avoid the problems of hydrogen evolution and solvolysis so as to solve the problems in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: step 1, mixing anhydrous aluminum bromide and dimethylbenzene, and stirring under the protection of inert gas until the anhydrous alumin