CN-121992513-A - Supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle, supercritical electrostatic spray spinning method and supercritical electrostatic spray spinning equipment

CN121992513ACN 121992513 ACN121992513 ACN 121992513ACN-121992513-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical electrostatic spray spinning, in particular to a supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle, a spinning method and supercritical electrostatic spray spinning equipment, wherein the supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle comprises: the shell is provided with an air inlet hole for inputting hot steam, an air outlet hole for outputting hot steam, an annular groove communicated with the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole and a wiring terminal for accessing a power supply; the device comprises an outer shell, an inner shell, a pipeline, an insulating gasket and a sealing gasket, wherein the inner shell is arranged on the outer shell, the outer wall of the inner shell covers the opening of the annular groove, the inner shell is provided with a spinneret hole, a first channel and a second channel which are sequentially communicated, the inner diameter of an outlet of the first channel is larger than the inner diameter of an inlet of the first channel, one end of the pipeline is arranged on the inner shell and is communicated with the spinneret hole, and the insulating gasket is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the pipeline. The supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle, the supercritical electrostatic spray spinning method and the supercritical electrostatic spray spinning equipment can improve the spinning quality and reduce the occurrence of blocking of the spinneret orifices.

Inventors

YANG YOUQIANG
DING CHAO
LI CHENG
DING MIN
Liu Shuaifei
CHENG BOWEN
LI ZHENHUA
XI PENG
XIA LEI
Shu dengkun
HUANG ZANYI
ZHAO CHUNYU

Assignees

广东金发科技有限公司
金发科技股份有限公司
天津科技大学
天津工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260310

Claims (10)

1. A supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle, comprising: the shell is provided with an air inlet hole for inputting hot steam, an air outlet hole for outputting hot steam, an annular groove communicated with the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole and a wiring terminal for accessing a power supply; The inner shell is arranged on the outer shell, the outer wall of the inner shell covers the opening of the annular groove, the inner shell is provided with a spinneret hole, a first channel and a second channel which are communicated in sequence, and the inner diameter of the outlet of the first channel is larger than the inner diameter of the inlet of the first channel; a pipe having one end mounted to the inner housing and communicating with the spinning hole, the other end of the pipe being configured to input a spinning solution, and And the insulating gasket is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the pipeline and is attached to the end surfaces of the outer shell and the inner shell.
2. The supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the outer housing is 5-20mm, the wall thickness of the inner housing is 1-10mm, the length L 4 of the outer housing is 20-200mm, and is equal to the length of the inner housing, the depth of the annular groove is 1-10mm, and the length of the annular groove is 15-180mm.
3. The supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle according to claim 1, wherein one end of the outer shell, which is close to the insulating gasket, is provided with an annular bulge, the outer diameter of the annular bulge is equal to the outer diameter of the insulating gasket, and the outer shell, the inner shell and the pipeline are made of conductive materials.
4. The supercritical electrostatic jet spinning nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the pipe comprises a pipe body and a cone arranged at one end of the pipe body, the cone and the spinneret orifice are sequentially communicated, the inner diameter D 4 of the pipe body is 10-100mm, the cone angle α of the cone is 60 ° -180 °, and the inner diameter of the inlet of the cone is larger than the inner diameter of the outlet of the cone.
5. The supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter D 5 of the spinneret orifice is 0.5-3mm, and the length of the spinneret orifice is L 5 , and D 5 /L 5 is 0.5-1.5.
6. The supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the outlet inner diameter D 6 of the first shaft is 1.5-20mm and 2-6 times the inner diameter D 5 of the spinneret hole, the length L 6 of the first shaft is 0.9-30mm and 0.6-2.1 times the outlet inner diameter D 6 of the first shaft, the first shaft is a conical hole, and the cone angle β of the first shaft satisfies 0< β+≤90 °.
7. The supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the outlet inner diameter D 7 of the second shaft is 1.5-60mm, the length L 7 of the second shaft is 0.6-30mm, and is 0.4-2 times the outlet inner diameter D 7 of the second shaft, the second shaft is a conical hole, the cone angle θ of the second shaft is 40-180 °, and the outlet inner diameter of the second shaft is larger than the inlet inner diameter of the second shaft.
8. The supercritical electrospray spinning nozzle according to claim 1, comprising a temperature sensor mounted to an inner wall of the pipe and located within the annular groove.
9. A supercritical electrostatic spray spinning method, characterized in that the supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle according to any one of claims 1-8 is used.
10. A supercritical electrostatic jet spinning apparatus comprising a supercritical electrostatic jet spinning nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

Description

Supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle, supercritical electrostatic spray spinning method and supercritical electrostatic spray spinning equipment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical electrostatic spray spinning, in particular to a supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle, a spinning method and supercritical electrostatic spray spinning equipment. Background The supercritical electrostatic jet spinning is a novel superfine fiber preparation technology combining a supercritical fluid technology and high-voltage electrostatic spinning, and by means of the characteristics of low viscosity, high diffusivity, strong dissolution and rapid phase change of the supercritical fluid, a polymer solution can be efficiently stretched, atomized and solidified under a high-voltage electric field to continuously prepare micro-nano fibers with uniform diameter and large specific surface area, and the micro-nano fibers have irreplaceable application values in the fields of high-end filtration, medical protection, battery diaphragm, composite material reinforcement and the like. Compared with the traditional solution electrostatic spinning and melt spinning, the process can obviously reduce the spinning temperature, reduce toxic solvent residues and improve the fiber refining efficiency, and is an important direction for realizing continuous and green production of high-performance non-woven materials. However, in the industrial application process, the existing supercritical electrostatic jet spinning nozzle and equipment still have obvious technical bottlenecks. The supercritical solvent is rapidly evaporated at the spinneret orifices to absorb a large amount of heat, so that the local temperature of the nozzle flow channel is suddenly reduced, the polymer is prematurely precipitated and the viscosity is suddenly increased, the spinneret orifices are extremely easy to be blocked, the continuous production stability is seriously influenced, the evaporation rate, the stretching path and the pressure attenuation of the jet flow under the synergistic effect of an electric field and the fluid are uncontrollable, the problems of uneven fiber thickness, adhesion of tows, insufficient spreading width and the like are easy to occur, and the fiber strength and the web uniformity are difficult to meet the high-end application requirements. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a supercritical electrostatic spray spinning nozzle, a supercritical electrostatic spray spinning method and supercritical electrostatic spray spinning equipment, which can improve the spinning quality and reduce the occurrence of blocking of a spinneret orifice. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a supercritical electrostatic jet spinning nozzle comprising: the shell is provided with an air inlet hole for inputting hot steam, an air outlet hole for outputting hot steam, an annular groove communicated with the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole and a wiring terminal for accessing a power supply; The inner shell is arranged on the outer shell, the outer wall of the inner shell covers the opening of the annular groove, the inner shell is provided with a spinneret hole, a first channel and a second channel which are communicated in sequence, and the inner diameter of the outlet of the first channel is larger than the inner diameter of the inlet of the first channel; a pipe having one end mounted to the inner housing and communicating with the spinning hole, the other end of the pipe being configured to input a spinning solution, and And the insulating gasket is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the pipeline and is attached to the end surfaces of the outer shell and the inner shell. In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the outer shell is 5-20mm, preferably 7-16mm, more preferably 9-13mm, the wall thickness of the inner shell is 1-10mm, preferably 2-8mm, more preferably 3-6mm, the length L 4 of the outer shell is 20-200mm, preferably 50-150mm, more preferably 70-100mm, and the depth of the annular groove is 1-10mm, preferably 2-8mm, more preferably 3-6mm, and the length of the annular groove is 15-180mm, preferably 6-100mm, more preferably 8-80mm, and is equal to the length of the inner shell. In some embodiments, one end of the outer shell, which is close to the insulating gasket, is provided with an annular protrusion, the outer diameter of the annular protrusion is equal to the outer diameter of the insulating gasket, and the outer shell, the inner shell and the pipeline are made of conductive materials. In some embodiments, the pipeline comprises a pipe body and a cone arranged at one end of the pipe body, the cone and the spinneret orifices are sequentially communicated, the inner diameter D4 of the pipe body is 10-100mm, preferably 15-50mm, more preferably 20-30mm, the cone angle alpha of the cone is 60-180 degrees,