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CN-121992525-A - High fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material and preparation method thereof

CN121992525ACN 121992525 ACN121992525 ACN 121992525ACN-121992525-A

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material and a preparation method thereof. The high-fatigue-resistance high-response high-elastic fiber material comprises a liquid crystal functional phase, and further comprises a thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase, wherein the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase and the liquid crystal functional phase are in gradient coupling and topological interlocking action, a modulus smooth transition gradient layer is constructed at a two-phase interface and is used for efficiently transmitting strain and smoothly dissipating stress, the weight average molecular weight (M w ) of the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase is 8.2 multiplied by 10 4 g/mol-2.5×10 5 g/mol, and the use amount of the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase is 50-90 parts in parts by mass. The high-fatigue-resistance high-response high-elastic fiber material has high-efficiency stimulus responsiveness, high elastic toughness and excellent fatigue resistance, and is better suitable for dynamic application scenes such as intelligent fabrics, wearable equipment, flexible actuators and the like.

Inventors

  • ZHENG ZIJIAN
  • ZHANG YUFEI
  • LIU MENGJIAO

Assignees

  • 港理大（惠州）大亚湾技术创新研究院有限公司
  • 香港理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260224

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material comprises a liquid crystal functional phase, and is characterized by further comprising a thermoplastic polymer elastic matrix phase, wherein the thermoplastic polymer elastic matrix phase and the liquid crystal functional phase are communicated with each other to form a modulus smooth transition gradient layer at a two-phase interface through gradient coupling and topological interlocking, and the modulus smooth transition gradient layer is used for efficiently transmitting strain and smoothly dissipating stress; Wherein the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase contains active groups, the active groups comprise at least one of anhydride, epoxy, carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine and unsaturated double bonds; The weight average molecular weight (M w ) of the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase is 8.2X10. 10 4 g/mol-2.5×10 5 g/mol; The thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase is used in an amount of 50 to 90 parts by mass.
  2. 2. The high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase comprises at least one of a styrenic block copolymer, a thermoplastic polyester elastomer, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, and a dynamically vulcanized thermoplastic elastomer.
  3. 3. The high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fiber material according to claim 2, wherein said styrenic block copolymer comprises at least one of a maleic anhydride grafted styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer and an epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and/or, The thermoplastic polyester elastomer comprises at least one of a polybutylene terephthalate-polytetrahydrofuran ether block copolymer and a maleic anhydride grafted thermoplastic polyester elastomer, and/or, The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer comprises at least one of a polyester polyurethane elastomer and a polyether polyurethane elastomer, and/or, The dynamic vulcanization thermoplastic elastomer comprises a polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene monomer blending vulcanization system.
  4. 4. The high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the high elasticity of the high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fiber material means that the high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fiber material has an elongation at break of >300%, and/or, The high fatigue resistance of the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material means that the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material has an elastic recovery rate of >85% at 50% strain, and/or, The high response of the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material means that the reversible response deformation of the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material is 5-50%, and the response cycle life of the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material is >5000 times.
  5. 5. The high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the monofilament diameter of the high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fiber material is 50 μm to 1000 μm.
  6. 6. The high fatigue-resistant high-response high-elastic fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal functional phase is used in an amount of 10 parts to 50 parts by mass.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the high-fatigue-resistance high-response high-elastic fiber material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: mixing a liquid crystal monomer, a chain extender, a catalyst, a cross-linking agent and an initiator to obtain a precursor solution A of a liquid crystal functional phase; mixing a thermoplastic polymer elastic matrix with a solvent to obtain a precursor solution B of a thermoplastic polymer elastic matrix phase; Performing interval ultrasonic treatment on the precursor solution A and the precursor solution B to obtain mixed solution, wherein the interval ultrasonic treatment is performed under the conditions of 300-500W of power, 20-40 kHz of frequency and 30-60 min of time; Sequentially carrying out vacuum centrifugal defoaming treatment and gradient desolventizing treatment on the mixed solution to obtain composite master batch C; carrying out hot-melt extrusion in-situ crosslinking spinning treatment on the composite master batch C, and cooling to obtain a fiber sample; Drawing the fiber sample to obtain the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material of any one of claims 1-6.
  8. 8. The method for producing a high fatigue resistance and high response high elastic fiber material according to claim 7, wherein the conditions of the vacuum centrifugal deaeration treatment are that the vacuum degree is 80kPa-100kPa, the rotational speed is 3000rpm-5000rpm, and the time is 10min-20min.
  9. 9. The method for preparing a high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material according to claim 7, wherein the gradient desolventizing treatment comprises a first desolventizing stage and a second desolventizing stage, wherein the condition of the first desolventizing stage is that the vacuum degree is 20kPa-40kPa, and the first desolventizing stage is kept stand at room temperature for 4h-6h; The conditions of the second desolvation stage are that the vacuum degree is more than 95kPa, and the temperature is 55-85 ℃ for 6-12 h.
  10. 10. The method for producing a high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material according to claim 7, wherein the temperature at the time of the hot melt extrusion in-situ crosslinking spinning treatment is 160 ℃ to 200 ℃, the rotational speed of the extruded screw is controlled to 30rpm to 150rpm, and/or, In the step of mixing the liquid crystal monomer, the chain extender, the catalyst, the cross-linking agent and the initiator, a low-dimensional nano filler is also added, and/or, The liquid crystal monomer comprises at least one of a thermally responsive nematic liquid crystal monomer, a chiral doped liquid crystal monomer, a photo-responsive liquid crystal monomer, an ionic liquid crystal monomer, a hydrogen group-containing liquid crystal monomer and a siloxane liquid crystal monomer.

Description

High fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The present disclosure relates to the technical field of fiber materials, and in particular, to a high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material and a preparation method thereof. Background The liquid crystal elastomer (Liquid Crystal Elastomers, LCE) is used as a unique intelligent material, can directly and efficiently convert external stimulus (such as heat energy and light energy) into mechanical work, and has great application potential in the fields of flexible drivers, self-adaptive systems, artificial muscles and the like. Related academic research has successfully verified that LCE fibers can produce reversible shrinkage behavior under thermal stimulation and achieve high driving strain under specific conditions to achieve the environmental response of LCE fibers. In dynamic application scenes such as intelligent fabrics, wearable equipment, flexible actuators and the like, the core requirements of far-ultra-static demonstration on fiber materials are presented, namely the fiber materials must have high elasticity, high toughness and fatigue resistance bearing long-term cyclic loads. For example, the intelligent response liquid crystal elastomer disclosed in CN121228384a specifically discloses that the skin layer of the intelligent response liquid crystal elastomer is silica gel, and the silica gel is adhered to the surface of the liquid crystal elastomer by an impregnation process, but because the silica gel and LCE are bonded only by simple intermolecular physical bonding, the problem of poor molecular interface bonding between LCE and silica gel is caused, so that the finally prepared LCE is difficult to have inherent contradiction between high-efficiency stimulus responsiveness and high-elasticity toughness at the molecular bonding interface, and the problem of high-efficiency stimulus responsiveness but low elasticity toughness often occurs. While the low-elasticity high-efficiency stimulus-responsive intelligent LCE essentially lacks a flexible chain segment and an effective energy dissipation mechanism required by an elastomer, so that the problems of poor elasticity and insufficient fatigue resistance of the intelligent response liquid crystal elastomer in the prior art are caused. Disclosure of Invention The high fatigue resistance high-response high-elastic fiber material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of being capable of simultaneously achieving high-efficiency stimulus response, high elastic toughness and excellent fatigue resistance, and being better suitable for dynamic application scenes such as intelligent fabrics, wearable equipment, flexible actuators and the like. The aim of the disclosure is achieved by the following technical scheme: the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material comprises a liquid crystal functional phase, wherein the high fatigue resistance high response high elastic fiber material further comprises a thermoplastic polymer elastic matrix phase, the thermoplastic polymer elastic matrix phase and the liquid crystal functional phase are communicated with each other to form a modulus smooth transition gradient layer at a two-phase interface through gradient coupling and topological interlocking, and the modulus smooth transition gradient layer is used for efficiently transmitting strain and smoothly dissipating stress; Wherein the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase contains active groups, the active groups comprise at least one of anhydride, epoxy, carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine and unsaturated double bonds; The weight average molecular weight (M w) of the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase is 8.2X10. 10 4g/mol-2.5×105 g/mol; The thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase is used in an amount of 50 to 90 parts by mass. In one embodiment, the thermoplastic polymer elastomer matrix phase comprises at least one of a styrenic block copolymer, a thermoplastic polyester elastomer, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, and a dynamically vulcanized thermoplastic elastomer. In one embodiment, the styrenic block copolymer comprises at least one of a maleic anhydride grafted styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer and an epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and/or, The thermoplastic polyester elastomer comprises at least one of a polybutylene terephthalate-polytetrahydrofuran ether block copolymer and a maleic anhydride grafted thermoplastic polyester elastomer, and/or, The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer comprises at least one of a polyester polyurethane elastomer and a polyether polyurethane elastomer, and/or, The dynamic vulcanization thermoplastic elastomer comprises a polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene monomer blending vulcanization system. In one embodiment, the high elasticity of the high fatigue resistant high response high elastic fibrous mate