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CN-121992538-A - Gradient impurity removal technological method of carding machine for raw cotton with high impurity content

CN121992538ACN 121992538 ACN121992538 ACN 121992538ACN-121992538-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gradient impurity removal process method for a carding machine of raw cotton with high impurity content, belonging to the technical field of textile machinery. The method comprises the steps of pre-separating and forcefully removing impurities in a licker-in area, adopting a double licker-in, a three-section adjustable dust removal knife and dust rod combination and a directional airflow nozzle to remove 50% -65% of large impurities, carrying out gradient carding and deep impurity removal in a cylinder cover plate working area, adopting progressive tightening close distance configuration, improving cover plate speed and strengthening a cleaning device to remove 20% -30% of small impurities, and carrying out auxiliary cleaning and micro impurity collection in a cylinder doffer triangle area, and adopting a multistage independent negative pressure dust collection system and temperature and humidity auxiliary control to remove tiny dust and ultra-short velvet. The invention realizes the efficient gradient removal of impurities, the impurity content of raw strips can be stably lower than 0.08%, the short velvet growth rate is controlled within 3%, the impurity removal efficiency is improved by 15% -25%, and the process adaptability is strong, so that the fibers are effectively protected.

Inventors

  • ZHANG HONGWEI
  • CHENG WEIDONG
  • XU CHUNXIA
  • Abulik wood Abuleti
  • JIANG PINGWEN

Assignees

  • 图木舒克市东湖兴纺织有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260224

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The technological method for gradient impurity removal of the raw cotton with high impurity content comprises a licker-in, a cylinder, a cover plate, a doffer and a plurality of dust collection points, and is characterized in that the technological method systematically divides the impurity removal process into three gradient stages with definite functions and parameter connection: The first stage is a pre-separation and powerful impurity removal stage, mainly occurs in a licker-in area and an associated impurity dropping area, is provided with a double licker-in, a three-section adjustable dust removing knife and dust rod combination and a first group of directional air flow nozzles, and achieves early falling and small crushing and eliminates large and heavy impurities accounting for 50% -65% of the total impurity content of the cotton rolls through differential licker-in design, gradient change impurity dropping intensity and air flow auxiliary stripping; the second stage is a gradient carding and deep impurity removing stage, which mainly occurs in a cylinder cover plate working area and a front cover plate area and a rear cover plate area, adopts gradient configuration that the interval distance between a cylinder and a cover plate is gradually tightened from an inlet to an outlet, improves the running speed of the cover plate and is connected with a cover plate flower cleaning device in parallel to enhance the efficiency of the cover plate flower cleaning device, and is matched with cylinder and doffer card clothing to remove 20% -30% of fine dust impurities, soft seed epidermis and impurity with fiber in the residual impurities; The third stage is an auxiliary cleaning and micro impurity collecting stage, which is positioned around a cylinder doffer triangle area, a doffer cover plate and a stripping roller, is provided with at least 3-4 dust collection ports with negative pressure regulated independently, and introduces temperature and humidity controllable soft air flow to form an air flow barrier, remove micro dust and ultra-short velvet separated out in the fiber transferring and net forming process, and finish final purification.
  2. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the double licker-in comprises a front licker-in and a rear licker-in which are connected in series, the front licker-in adopts a thin-tooth and large-working-angle saw-tooth structure, the main functions of which are to open and primarily separate large impurities, and the rear licker-in adopts a denser-tooth and smaller-working-angle saw-tooth structure, the main functions of which are to open deeply and further expose impurities.
  3. 3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the three-stage adjustable dust removing knife and dust rod are combined and arranged below the licker-in, and a small gauge gradient is gradually formed from an inlet to an outlet by independently adjusting the height and angle of each stage of dust removing knife and the gauge between the dust rods, so that the screening separation of impurities with different particle diameters is realized and the loss of spinnable fibers is reduced.
  4. 4. The process of claim 1, wherein the first set of directional air flow nozzles are disposed at the licker-in housing, the air flow direction forms an angle of 5 ° -30 ° with the licker-in turn, and the air flow pressure is 50-200Pa for blowing the fluffy fiber layer, assisting in exposing and stripping heavier impurities attached deep in the fibers.
  5. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the progressive tightening configuration of the cylinder-cover gauge is in particular set at 0.25mm, 0.20mm, 0.18mm and 0.15mm in sequence from the inlet to the outlet, allowing the progressive release and stripping of fine impurities by the fibers under progressively stronger carding forces.
  6. 6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the linkage control of the cover plate speed and cleaning comprises the steps of improving the cover plate running speed by 10% -30% relative to the standard process for raw cotton with high impurity content, shortening the residence time of each cover plate in a working area, reducing the accumulation of impurities and short velvet on card clothing, and simultaneously enhancing the cover plate flower cleaning device, wherein the cover plate flower cleaning device comprises a large brush, a cleaning roller and a high-pressure air flow suction nozzle with the configuration pressure of 100-300Pa, so that the impurities stripped from the cover plate are quickly sucked away.
  7. 7. The process method according to claim 1, wherein the carding element card clothing is selected from alloy card clothing with tooth density of 600-800 teeth/(25.4 mm) 2, tooth depth of 0.5-1.0mm and working angle of 20-30 degrees, and doffer card clothing is selected from card clothing with working angle of 35-45 degrees and tooth density of 400-500 teeth/(25.4 mm) 2, so as to facilitate effective transfer of fibers and reduce flowback.
  8. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage negative pressure dust collection system is provided with at least 3 dust collection openings above the cylinder-doffer triangle, the inside of the doffer cover plate and the cotton stripping roller, the negative pressure of each dust collection opening is independently adjustable, the negative pressure range is 200-800Pa, an air flow barrier is formed, and the dust and flock floating on the fiber web due to centrifugal force or air flow are sucked and collected in real time.
  9. 9. The process according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the temperature and humidity controlled gentle air flow is introduced before the fibers enter the carding machine or after the licker-in, the temperature is controlled to be +2 ℃ to +5 ℃ in the workshop environment, the relative humidity is controlled to be-5% to-10% in the workshop environment, the fibers are kept moderately rigid and elastic, the separation of impurities is facilitated, and the entanglement of the fibers caused by static electricity is reduced.
  10. 10. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the raw cotton with high impurity content has an impurity content higher than 3%, the raw cotton strips have an impurity content steadily lower than 0.08% after the gradient impurity removal process, the short velvet growth rate is controlled within 3%, and the comprehensive impurity removal efficiency is improved by 15% -25% compared with the traditional process.

Description

Gradient impurity removal technological method of carding machine for raw cotton with high impurity content Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of textile machinery, in particular to a process method for removing impurities of a carding machine, and particularly relates to a gradient process method for removing impurities of a carding machine for raw cotton with high impurity content. Background Carding is the core process of cotton spinning pretreatment, and plays a key role in decomposing cotton bundles into single fibers, removing impurities and short piles, and the quality of the cotton bundles directly determines the quality of yarn. In recent years, textile materials have a tendency to be diversified, and the use amount of high-impurity raw materials such as machine-harvested cotton, low-grade cotton and the like with the impurity content generally higher than 3% has been continuously increased. The raw materials are complex in impurity types, cover broken seeds, stiff petals, soft seed skins, dust and the like, have strong adhesion with fibers, and form a serious challenge for the traditional cotton carding process. The existing cotton carding technology has the following outstanding problems that firstly, the impurity removal and division work is extensive, and the efficiency is limited. The traditional licker-in main impurity removal and cover plate auxiliary mode causes excessive concentration of impurity removal load in licker-in areas, the follow-up cover plate carding area is overloaded, fine impurities are difficult to remove, and the impurity content of raw strips is easy to exceed the standard (> 0.15%). Secondly, the process parameters are solidified, and the adaptability is insufficient. The main flow technological parameters are fixed values set by standard impurity-containing raw materials, and a dynamic gradual adjustment mechanism for high impurity-containing raw materials is lacked. For example, blind increase in the licker-in speed or decrease in gauge increases noil, but is extremely vulnerable to fiber damage, resulting in a significant increase in lint rate. Thirdly, the principle of early fall and small breakage of impurities is not performed. The lack of differential progressive cleaning paths based on impurity characteristics (particle size, specific gravity and fiber binding force) in the carding machine leads to repeated kneading and breaking of part of impurities in the carding process, and increases neps and tiny defects. Fourth, the synergistic efficiency of the air flow is low. The existing dust collection point is multifunctional and single, only the separated impurities are passively collected, the air flow cannot be actively utilized to promote the fluffy fiber and the impurity stripping, and systematic cooperation with the carding area is lacking. In summary, it is difficult to realize efficient gradient impurity removal of high-impurity-content raw materials on the premise of minimizing fiber damage in the prior art, and development of a novel systematic cotton carding impurity removal process is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing carding machine gradient impurity removal process method for the raw cotton with high impurity content, and provides a novel carding machine gradient impurity removal process method for the raw cotton with high impurity content, which aims to solve the technical problems that the high impurity content raw cotton with high impurity content higher than 3% is subjected to high-efficiency and low-damage gradient impurity removal, the impurity content of raw cotton is stably controlled below 0.08% and the short velvet growth rate is controlled within 3% on the premise of ensuring the minimum damage of the fiber length, so that the method is more practical and has industrial utilization value. The invention further aims to provide a gradient impurity removal process method for the carding machine of raw cotton with high impurity content, which aims to solve the technical problems of constructing a staged and differentiated impurity removal path through a double-licker-in differential structure, a three-section adjustable dust removal knife and dust rod combination, a directional airflow nozzle, a cylinder-cover plate progressive gauge and cover plate speed and cleaning linkage control, implementing the principle of early fall and breakage and reducing spinnable fiber loss, so that the method is more suitable for practical use. The invention further aims to provide a gradient impurity removal process method for the carding machine of raw cotton with high impurity content, which aims to solve the technical problem that the gradient impurity removal process method is used for forming an air flow barrier through the synergistic effect of a multistage independent adjustable negative pressure dust collection system and temperature and humidity controllable soft air flow, a