Search

CN-121992576-A - Composite non-woven material and preparation method and application thereof

CN121992576ACN 121992576 ACN121992576 ACN 121992576ACN-121992576-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer material recycling, in particular to a composite non-woven material and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention takes the full reclaimed material as the raw material, provides an activated interface for chemical reaction by utilizing plasma treatment, prepares rPVB particles into rPVB fibers by regulating and controlling a plasticizer, ensures the stability of PVB processing performance, and then is chemically bonded with an epoxy functional compatilizer with a specific proportion, thus the three components cannot be combined. The invention generates a synergistic effect of 1+1+1>3 through the triple synergistic effect of plasma activation, chemical bonding of compatilizer and plasticizer regulation, solves the core problems of poor compatibility of rPET and rPVB interface and unstable reclaimed material performance, and realizes the high-performance and high-value utilization of the full reclaimed material. The composite non-woven material has excellent mechanical property and dimensional stability, and has balanced properties such as longitudinal tensile strength, interlayer peeling strength, elongation at break and the like.

Inventors

  • ZHU XIONGBING
  • WANG MENGDAN
  • ZHU FUHAI

Assignees

  • 亿年光学材料制造(保定)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260225

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The composite non-woven material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 95-99 parts of rPET fibers, 1-5 parts of rPVB fibers and 0.5-3 parts of epoxy functional compatilizer; The plasticizer content of rPVB fibers is 10-15 wt%.
  2. 2. The composite nonwoven material of claim 1, wherein the rPET fibers have a diameter of 10 to 30 μm and an aspect ratio of 500 to 2000; the rPVB fibers have a diameter of 15-40 μm and an aspect ratio of 300-1500.
  3. 3. The composite nonwoven material of claim 1, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the rPET fibers is 0.7 to 0.85dl/g; the starting material of rPVB fibers comprises rPVB particles; The glass impurity content of rPVB particles is lower than 1.5wt%, and the plasticizer content is 12-14wt%.
  4. 4. The composite nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein said epoxy-functionalized compatibilizer comprises an ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer.
  5. 5. The composite nonwoven material according to claim 1, wherein the total mass fraction of the raw materials of the composite nonwoven material is 100 parts.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the composite nonwoven material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: (1) Carrying out plasma surface activation on the rPET fiber to obtain an activated rPET fiber, wherein the surface energy of the activated rPET fiber is more than 50 mN/m; (2) Performing plasticizer regulation and control on rPVB particles, controlling the content of plasticizer to be 10-15 wt% to obtain pretreated rPVB particles, and then melt-spinning the pretreated rPVB particles to obtain rPVB fibers; (3) Mixing the activated rPET fibers, rPVB fibers and an epoxy functional compatilizer, and then sequentially carding and hot-press forming to obtain the composite non-woven material; There is no requirement for the time sequence of steps (1) and (2).
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the plasma surface activation is a low temperature nitrogen plasma surface activation; the surface activation temperature of the plasma is room temperature, the power is 300-500W, the activation time is 2-5 minutes, and the cavity pressure is 50-200 Pa.
  8. 8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein the carding device comprises a carding machine; The carded tin Lin Zhuaisu is 800-1200 rpm, and the doffer rotating speed is 30-60 rpm; the carding is carried out in a cross lapping mode; the gram weight of the fiber web obtained through carding is 50-150 g/m 2 .
  9. 9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the hot press molding includes a preheating stage, a main bonding stage, and a shaping cooling stage, which are sequentially performed; The temperature of the preheating stage is 105-115 ℃, the pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa, and the time is 20-40 seconds; the temperature of the main bonding stage is 145-155 ℃, the pressure is 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the time is 50-70 seconds; the shaping and cooling stage comprises cooling and pressure relief which are sequentially carried out; the cooling is carried out under pressure maintaining conditions; the pressure of the pressure maintaining condition is 0.8-1.2 MPa; the cooling rate of the cooling is 5-15 ℃ per minute; the final temperature of the cooling is below 50 ℃.
  10. 10. Use of the composite nonwoven material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the composite nonwoven material obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in the automotive field, the construction field or the packaging field.

Description

Composite non-woven material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer material recycling, in particular to a composite non-woven material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The recycling and high-value utilization of the plastic and the composite material have remarkable economic and social benefits. Among them, polyester (PET) films in waste textiles and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) films in waste laminated glass have attracted considerable attention from technicians due to limited ways of high-value utilization. The recycled PET (rPET) is mainly derived from waste bottle flakes and textiles. The molecular chains are often broken down by thermal, mechanical and possibly hydrolytic action during recovery and reprocessing, resulting in reduced intrinsic viscosity and deteriorated mechanical properties. Accordingly, current rPET is mostly degraded for use, e.g. in the preparation of low value fibers, strapping bands or fillers, and cannot be used directly in the field of non-wovens where strength requirements are high. Recycled PVB (rvb) is mainly derived from waste laminated glass in the automotive and construction fields. PVB film is separated from glass by crushing, sorting and the like, but the obtained rPVB usually contains a certain amount of glass micropowder impurities, and the internal plasticizer (such as triethylene glycol diisooctyl) can migrate or be lost, so that the adhesive property and the mechanical property of the PVB film are unstable and have large fluctuation. From a materials standpoint, PET is a crystalline polyester with weaker polarity, while PVB is an amorphous polymer containing hydroxyl groups, which are thermodynamically poorly compatible. If rPET and rPVB are simply blended and compounded, the phase interface binding force is weak, the composite material is easy to laminate and has low strength, and the technical path for preparing high-performance products by using the fully recovered material is severely restricted. In the prior art, although the use of virgin PVB as a binder for preparing composite materials is reported, the virgin PVB resin relies on virgin PVB resin with purity and stable performance, and the core problem, namely compatibility, faced when recycled materials with complex components and different performances are used cannot be solved. In the prior art, chinese patent CN113337920a discloses a sheath-core composite structure, chinese patent CN110922670a discloses a laminated fabric structure, but the problem of material performance fluctuation caused by weak interface bonding and large reclaimed material performance fluctuation due to thermodynamic incompatibility between rPET and rPVB cannot be systematically solved. In summary, how to effectively improve the interfacial compatibility between rPET and rPVB and prepare a composite nonwoven material with stable performance by using 100% recycled raw materials is a technical problem to be solved in the art. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a composite non-woven material, a preparation method and application thereof, and the composite non-woven material provided by the invention effectively improves the interfacial compatibility of rPET and rPVB and has stable performance. The invention provides a composite non-woven material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 95-99 parts of rPET fiber, 1-5 parts of rPVB fiber and 0.5-3 parts of epoxy functional compatilizer, wherein the plasticizer content of the rPVB fiber is 10-15 wt%. Preferably, the rPET fiber has a diameter of 10-30 μm and an aspect ratio of 500-2000, and the rPVB fiber has a diameter of 15-40 μm and an aspect ratio of 300-1500. Preferably, the intrinsic viscosity of the rPET fiber is 0.7-0.85 dL/g, the raw material of the rPVB fiber comprises rPVB particles, the glass impurity content of the rPVB particles is lower than 1.5wt%, and the plasticizer content is 12-14wt%. Preferably, the epoxy functional compatibilizer comprises an ethylene methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (E-MA-GMA) terpolymer. Preferably, the total mass part of the raw materials of the composite nonwoven material is 100 parts. The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite non-woven material, which comprises the following steps: (1) Carrying out plasma surface activation on the rPET fiber to obtain an activated rPET fiber, wherein the surface energy of the activated rPET fiber is more than 50 mN/m; (2) Performing plasticizer regulation and control on rPVB particles, controlling the content of plasticizer to be 10-15 wt% to obtain pretreated rPVB particles, and then melt-spinning the pretreated rPVB particles to obtain rPVB fibers; (3) Mixing the activated rPET fibers, rPVB fibers and an epoxy functional compatilizer, and then sequentially carding and hot-press forming to obtain the composite non-woven m