CN-121992659-A - Bio-based ecological fiber fabric and preparation method thereof

CN121992659ACN 121992659 ACN121992659 ACN 121992659ACN-121992659-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a bio-based ecological fiber fabric and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ecological fiber fabrics, wherein the bio-based ecological fiber fabric comprises a fiber base material and a biological modification layer attached to the surface of the fiber base material through chemical bonding; the fiber base material is formed by blending soybean protein composite fiber and polylactic acid fiber, the soybean protein composite fiber is blended yarn fiber of soybean protein and polyvinyl alcohol, the biological modification layer is formed by in-situ crosslinking reaction of arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate and phytic acid on the surface of the fiber base material, and the arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate has an amphiphilic structure. The invention constructs a stable biological modified layer through chemical bonding, realizes durable washing-resistant antibacterial and antistatic properties, ensures soft and smooth touch feeling of the fabric and effectively inhibits static electricity by the nano gel structure on the surface, ensures continuity of a film layer by a compact crosslinked network structure, and improves the overall stability and wearing comfort of the fabric.

Inventors

ZHAO XINHUA
LUO LILI
ZHENG YA
WANG JIRONG
YIN YUANYUAN
LU QILIN

Assignees

福建恒捷实业有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260320

Claims (9)

1. A bio-based ecological fiber fabric is characterized by comprising a fiber substrate and a bio-modification layer attached to the surface of the fiber substrate through chemical bonding, wherein the fiber substrate is formed by blending soybean protein composite fibers and polylactic acid fibers, the weight percentage of the soybean protein composite fibers is 30-70%, the soybean protein composite fibers are blended yarn fibers of soybean protein and polyvinyl alcohol, the bio-modification layer is formed by in-situ crosslinking reaction of arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate and phytic acid on the surface of the fiber substrate, the arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate has an amphiphilic structure, and Schiff base covalent bond anchoring is formed through condensation reaction of residual aldehyde groups on a molecular skeleton and amino groups on the surface of the fiber substrate.
2. The bio-based ecological fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of the soybean protein composite fiber is 1.0-2.5 dtex, the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber is 1.2-3.0 dtex, and the bio-modification layer is of a continuous gel film structure on the surface of the fiber substrate, and the thickness of the bio-modification layer is 50-100 nm.
3. A preparation method of the bio-based ecological fiber fabric according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps of S1 preparing oxidized sodium alginate by a sodium periodate oxidation method, then introducing arginine to carry out grafting reaction under a weak acid condition, reserving part of aldehyde groups on an oxidized sodium alginate skeleton by controlling reactant proportion, dialyzing and drying to obtain arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate powder, S2 compounding and dispersing finishing liquid, namely dissolving arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate in water, adding phytic acid, dispersing under the condition of mechanical stirring and ultrasonic oscillation to obtain uniform bio-based functional finishing liquid, S3 padding and coating treatment, namely immersing the grey cloth blended by soybean protein composite fibers and polylactic acid fibers into the bio-based functional finishing liquid, adopting a two-padding process to enable the finishing liquid to permeate into the inside and the surface of the fibers, and S4 performing gradient temperature change crosslinking, namely sending the padded grey cloth into a room, sequentially carrying out low-temperature pre-drying to remove water and high-temperature baking to trigger a Schiff base condensation reaction, and constructing a surface gel network.
4. The preparation method of the bio-based ecological fiber fabric as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the preparation process of oxidized sodium alginate comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solvent of ethanol and water, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the water is 1 (1-3), dissolving sodium alginate in the mixed solvent, adding sodium periodate, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 2-6 hours under the condition of avoiding light, controlling the reaction temperature to be 20-30 ℃, adding ethylene glycol after the reaction is finished for quenching treatment, dialyzing and purifying the reaction solution to have the conductivity of less than 10 mu S/cm by a dialysis bag, and finally obtaining white flocculent oxidized sodium alginate by freeze drying or spray drying, wherein the mole ratio of a sodium alginate repeating unit to sodium periodate is 1 (0.8-1.2).
5. The preparation method of the bio-based ecological fiber fabric as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the preparation process of the arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate comprises the steps of preparing the oxidized sodium alginate into an aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1% -5%, adjusting the pH value to 5.0-6.0 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution, slowly dropwise adding the arginine aqueous solution into the oxidized sodium alginate solution under the conditions of constant temperature of 35-45 ℃ in a water bath and magnetic stirring, maintaining the pH value to 5.0-6.0 in the dropwise adding process and after the dropwise adding, and continuing the constant temperature reaction for 1-3 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized sodium alginate to the arginine is (2-4): 1.
6. The preparation method of the bio-based ecological fiber fabric as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the addition amount of the phytic acid is 0.5% -2.0% of the mass of the arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate, and the dispersing process is that the phytic acid is firstly mechanically stirred for 10-20 minutes at a rotating speed of 300-500 rpm, then is ultrasonically dispersed for 5-10 minutes at a frequency of 40-60 kHz, and is used after standing and defoaming.
7. The method for preparing the bio-based ecological fiber fabric according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, the rolling allowance of the two-padding two-rolling process is controlled to be 70% -85%, and the temperature of the finishing liquid is kept to be 20-30 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the bio-based ecological fiber fabric according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4, the pre-baking temperature is 80-90 ℃ for 3-5 minutes, the baking treatment temperature is 100-120 ℃ and the baking treatment time is 2-4 minutes.
9. The method for preparing the bio-based ecological fiber fabric according to claim 3, wherein formaldehyde cross-linking agent and metal ion antibacterial agent are not added in the whole preparation method.

Description

Bio-based ecological fiber fabric and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ecological fiber fabrics, in particular to a bio-based ecological fiber fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Bio-based textile materials often combine comfort and mechanical properties by blending protein fibers with synthetic polymer fibers, but still face many challenges in imparting durable functionality thereto, and existing functional finishing techniques rely on physical adsorption or simple encapsulation processes to attach antimicrobial or antistatic agents to the fabric surface. In the actual use process, due to the lack of firm binding force, the attached active components are easy to fall off under the action of mechanical friction and water flow shearing during washing, so that the antibacterial and antistatic functions of the fabric are quickly attenuated along with the increase of the use times, and the long-term use requirement cannot be met. In order to overcome the defect of weak physical adhesion, the prior art often increases the thickness of a coating or uses inorganic particle auxiliary agents to prolong the functional aging, so that micropores on the surface of fibers are blocked, the roughness of the surface of the fibers is increased, the handfeel of the fabric is hard and astringent, the original soft skin-friendly property of protein fibers is destroyed, static electricity is easily accumulated in synthetic fiber components such as polylactic acid and the like, a continuous and effective conductive path is difficult to form in a conventional physical coating, and the phenomenon of electrostatic adsorption is easy to generate when the fabric is worn in a dry environment, so that the wearing comfort is influenced. In terms of preparation technology, a conventional drying and curing process usually adopts a direct high-temperature heating mode, the rapid heat treatment can lead to the instant gasification of a solvent in finishing liquid on the surface, tiny holes or cracks are easily generated in a formed film layer, the continuity and compactness of a protective layer are damaged, the structural defect not only weakens the protection effect of the film layer on a fiber body, but also further accelerates the stripping and loss of functional components in the subsequent use process, and the high-quality fabric with uniform and stable performance is difficult to prepare. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a bio-based ecological fiber fabric and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems in the background technology. The invention provides a bio-based ecological fiber fabric, which comprises a fiber substrate and a bio-modification layer attached to the surface of the fiber substrate through chemical bonding, wherein the fiber substrate is formed by blending soybean protein composite fibers and polylactic acid fibers, the weight percentage of the soybean protein composite fibers is 30-70%, the soybean protein composite fibers are blended yarn fibers of soybean protein and polyvinyl alcohol, the bio-modification layer is formed by in-situ crosslinking reaction of arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate and phytic acid on the surface of the fiber substrate, the arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate has an amphiphilic structure, and Schiff base covalent bond anchoring is formed through condensation reaction of residual aldehyde groups on a molecular framework and amino groups on the surface of the fiber substrate. Preferably, the fineness of the soybean protein composite fiber is 1.0-2.5 dtex, the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber is 1.2-3.0 dtex, and the biological modification layer is in a continuous gel film structure on the surface of the fiber base material, and the thickness of the biological modification layer is 50-100 nm. The preparation method of the bio-based ecological fiber fabric comprises the following steps of S1 preparing oxidized sodium alginate by adopting a sodium periodate oxidation method, then introducing arginine to carry out grafting reaction under a weak acid condition, keeping partial aldehyde groups on an oxidized sodium alginate skeleton by controlling reactant proportion, dialyzing and drying to obtain arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate powder, S2 compounding and dispersing finishing liquid, namely dissolving the arginine grafted oxidized sodium alginate in water, adding phytic acid, dispersing under the condition of mechanical stirring and matching with ultrasonic oscillation to obtain uniform bio-based functional finishing liquid, S3 treating a padding coating, namely immersing the grey cloth blended by soybean protein composite fibers and polylactic acid fibers into the bio-based functional finishing liquid, adopting a two-padding process to enable the finishing liquid to permeate into the inside and the surface of the fibers, and S4 conducting gradient temperature-ch