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CN-121992757-A - Inflatable fishway outlet structure and fishway system

CN121992757ACN 121992757 ACN121992757 ACN 121992757ACN-121992757-A

Abstract

The invention provides an inflatable fishway outlet structure and a fishway system, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower facilities, wherein the inflatable fishway outlet structure comprises a fishway outlet body, an adjusting assembly and an air supply device, and the fishway outlet body is provided with a channel; the adjusting assembly is arranged in the channel, the adjusting assembly comprises a flexible inflation cavity and a fold layer, the flexible inflation cavity is arranged at the bottom of the channel and extends along the length direction of the channel, the fold layer is arranged on the upper surface of the flexible inflation cavity, the fold layer is far away from the surface of the flexible inflation cavity and contacts with water flow in the channel, the air supply device is communicated with the flexible inflation cavity and is used for inflating or deflating the flexible inflation cavity so as to adjust the slope ratio of the upper surface of the flexible inflation cavity, and the fold layer is used for expanding or shrinking along with the expanding state of the flexible inflation cavity so as to adjust the flow rate of the water flow. According to the invention, the slope ratio of the outlet of the fishway is adjusted according to the dynamic change of the water level, so that the fish passing efficiency of fish is improved.

Inventors

  • JUE YABO
  • LI TIANYU
  • BAI JUNLEI
  • MA XIAOFEI
  • LIU GUANGQIAN
  • LI TIANXIAO
  • LIU KAICHEN

Assignees

  • 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260327

Claims (10)

  1. 1. An inflatable fishway exit structure comprising: A fishway outlet body (100) having a passage (110), the passage (110) for fish migration; The device comprises a channel (110), an adjusting component, a fold layer (220) and a flexible air inflation cavity (210), wherein the adjusting component is arranged in the channel (110), the flexible air inflation cavity (210) is arranged at the bottom of the channel (110) and extends along the length direction of the channel (110), the upper surface of the flexible air inflation cavity (210) is arranged at an included angle with the horizontal plane, the fold layer (220) is arranged on the upper surface of the flexible air inflation cavity (210), and the surface of the fold layer (220) away from the flexible air inflation cavity (210) is contacted with water flow in the channel (110); And the air supply device is communicated with the flexible inflation chamber (210) and is used for inflating or deflating the flexible inflation chamber (210) so as to adjust the slope ratio of the upper surface of the flexible inflation chamber (210), and the fold layer (220) is used for expanding or shrinking along with the expanding and shrinking state of the flexible inflation chamber (210) so as to adjust the flow rate of the water flow.
  2. 2. The structure of the air-filled fishway outlet of claim 1, wherein the flexible air-filled chamber (210) comprises a plurality of independent air cells (211) distributed along the length direction of the passage (110), the volumes of the independent air cells (211) gradually increase along the migration direction of the fish, and the independent air cells (211) are respectively communicated with the air supply device.
  3. 3. The inflatable fishway outlet structure of claim 2, wherein the air supply device comprises an inflator pump (310), a connecting pipe (320), a main pipeline and a plurality of inflation interfaces (330), two ends of the connecting pipe (320) are respectively communicated with the inflator pump (310) and the main pipeline, one ends of the inflation interfaces (330) are respectively communicated with the main pipeline, and the other ends of the inflation interfaces (330) are respectively correspondingly communicated with the independent air chambers (211).
  4. 4. The structure of the air-filled fishway outlet of claim 3, wherein the air supply means further comprises a control device (340), a water level detecting device (350) and an air pressure detecting device (360), wherein the water level detecting device (350) is used for detecting the water level value of the water outside the fishway outlet body (100), the air pressure detecting device (360) is used for detecting the air pressure value of the independent air chamber (211), and the water level detecting device (350), the air pressure detecting device (360) and the air pump (310) are respectively electrically connected with the control device (340).
  5. 5. The structure of claim 4, wherein the air supply device further comprises an air vent valve (370), the air vent valve (370) comprising an air vent valve body (371), the air vent valve body (371) being in communication with the independent air chamber (211), the control device (340) being electrically connected to the air vent valve body (371).
  6. 6. The structure of claim 5, wherein the vent valve (370) further comprises a one-way check structure (372), the one-way check structure (372) being embedded in the vent valve body (371), the one-way check structure (372) being for ensuring that the gas in the independent gas chamber (211) is discharged through the vent valve body (371) in one direction.
  7. 7. The structure of claim 1, wherein the fishway outlet body (100) comprises a bottom base (120) and two side plates (130), the two side plates (130) are distributed at intervals on the upper part of the bottom base (120) along the width direction of the channel (110) and fixedly connected with the bottom base (120), and the bottom base (120) and the two side plates (130) are surrounded to form the channel (110).
  8. 8. The structure of claim 1, wherein the surface of the pleated layer (220) remote from the flexible plenum chamber (210) has a plurality of "zigzag" pleats (221), the plurality of pleats (221) being aligned along the length of the channel (110) and connected in sequence.
  9. 9. The structure of claim 1, wherein the flexible inflatable chamber (210) has a triangular or trapezoidal longitudinal cross section along the length direction of the channel (110), and the bottom of the flexible inflatable chamber (210) is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the channel (110).
  10. 10. A fishway system comprising an inflatable fishway exit structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Description

Inflatable fishway outlet structure and fishway system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower facilities, in particular to an inflatable fishway outlet structure and a fishway system. Background The fishway is a key fish passing facility used for maintaining ecological connectivity of river and guaranteeing smooth completion of propagation and foraging migration of migratory fish in water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction. The hydraulic conditions of the outlet section of the fishway, in particular the flow rate and slope ratio, are the central factors determining the fish passing efficiency. In the related art, the outlet section of the fishway is designed with a fixed slope ratio, and its hydraulic parameters (e.g. slope ratio) are mainly optimized for a specific "design water level". However, the hydraulic gradient of the outlet section with a fixed slope ratio will be changed passively when the outlet section is exposed to a large fluctuation in water level. The water level in the flood season is increased to easily cause the flow velocity to be increased, the water level exceeds the proper countercurrent range of most of the migration fishes, the fishes are difficult to swim reversely due to excessive physical consumption, and the water level in the dead water season is reduced to possibly cause the flow velocity to be reduced, so that the fishes lose migration power, and the fish passing efficiency is seriously influenced. Disclosure of Invention The invention solves the problem of how to adjust the slope ratio of the outlet of the fishway according to the dynamic change of the water level and improve the fish passing efficiency of fish. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an inflatable fishway outlet structure and a fishway system. In a first aspect, the present invention provides an inflatable fishway exit structure comprising: a fishway outlet body having a passage for fish migration; An adjustment assembly mounted inside the channel; the adjusting component comprises a flexible inflation cavity and a fold layer, wherein the flexible inflation cavity is arranged at the bottom of the channel and extends along the length direction of the channel, and the upper surface of the flexible inflation cavity is arranged at an included angle with the horizontal plane; and the air supply device is communicated with the flexible inflation cavity and is used for inflating or deflating the flexible inflation cavity so as to adjust the slope ratio of the upper surface of the flexible inflation cavity, and the fold layer is used for expanding or shrinking along with the expanding and shrinking state of the flexible inflation cavity so as to adjust the flow rate of the water flow. Optionally, the flexible inflatable chamber comprises a plurality of independent air chambers distributed along the length direction of the channel, the volumes of the independent air chambers are gradually increased along the migration direction of the fish, and the independent air chambers are respectively communicated with the air supply device. Optionally, the air supply device includes pump, connecting pipe, main pipeline and a plurality of inflation interface, the both ends of connecting pipe respectively with the pump with main pipeline intercommunication, a plurality of inflation interface's one end respectively with main pipeline intercommunication, a plurality of inflation interface's the other end respectively with a plurality of independent air chamber corresponds the intercommunication. Optionally, the air supply device further comprises a control device, a water level detection device and an air pressure detection device, wherein the water level detection device is used for detecting a water area water level value outside the fishway outlet body, the air pressure detection device is used for detecting an air pressure value of the independent air chamber, and the water level detection device, the air pressure detection device and the air pump are respectively and electrically connected with the control device. Optionally, the air supply device further comprises an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve comprises an exhaust valve body, the exhaust valve body is communicated with the independent air chamber, and the control device is electrically connected with the exhaust valve body. Optionally, the exhaust valve further includes a one-way check structure embedded in the exhaust valve body, the one-way check structure being used to ensure that the gas in the independent gas chamber is exhausted outwards through the exhaust valve body in one direction. Optionally, the fishway outlet body comprises a bottom foundation and two side plates, wherein the two side plates are distributed on the upper part of the bottom foundation at intervals along the width direction of the channel and fixedly connected with the bottom foundation, an