CN-121993110-A - Measurement and control method and measurement and control device for preventing hydrogen sulfide corrosion of oil well

CN121993110ACN 121993110 ACN121993110 ACN 121993110ACN-121993110-A

Abstract

A method for measuring and controlling the corrosion of hydrogen sulfide in oil well includes such steps as controlling the external medicine quantity of proportional pump by the controller of proportional pump, detecting the most medicine quantity of output zinc carbonate in working environment of medicine storage tank by temp sensor and liquid level sensor, transmitting by 5G data transmission gateway, monitoring the content of hydrogen sulfide by central control system, and controlling the injection quantity of medicine.

Inventors

XIONG YUGANG
XUN CHANGZHENG
LIU HONGWEI
WEI ZHIGAO
LIU YING
XU HAOYU
JIANG XIAOHUA

Assignees

中国石油化工股份有限公司
中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241108

Claims (9)

1. The measurement and control method and device for preventing hydrogen sulfide corrosion of oil well includes the chemical injection method for neutralizing or reducing hydrogen sulfide content, the external drug delivery method for controlling the proportional pump with the controller of the proportional pump, the stabilization method for detecting the drug delivery in the working environment of the chemical storage tank with the temperature sensor and the liquid level sensor, the electrochemical sensor detection method, the 5G data transmission gateway transmission, and the monitoring method for monitoring the hydrogen sulfide content with the central control system; a. The chemical injection method for neutralizing or reducing the content of hydrogen sulfide is characterized in that a proportional pump is used for adding a chemical for neutralizing or reducing the content of hydrogen sulfide into the bottom of a well at the inlet of a wellhead sleeve gate, hydrogen sulfide in sleeve liquid and hydrogen sulfide entering into oil pipe liquid are neutralized or reduced in content, hydrogen cracking and stress cracking of the oil sleeve caused by the hydrogen sulfide under high-temperature, high-pressure and high-water-content environments are avoided, cracking, hydrogen bubbling and stress failure of the oil sleeve are induced, leakage or perforation of the oil sleeve is caused, and the service life of the oil sleeve is prolonged; b. the method for controlling the external drug delivery quantity of the proportional pump by using the controller of the proportional pump is characterized in that the data of the controller of the proportional pump is transmitted to a processor for processing, and the data is transmitted to a central control system, namely an oil field data analysis platform intelligent or manual processing feedback measurement and control system by the processor through a 5G transmission gateway, so that the stroke frequency or stroke of a piston of the proportional pump is regulated, and the injection quantity of the proportional pump is changed; c. The stabilization method for detecting the output dosage of the working environment of the medicament storage tank by using the temperature sensor and the liquid level sensor is characterized in that telecommunication detected by the temperature sensor and the liquid level sensor of the medicament storage tank is transmitted to a signal converter, the signal converter is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to a data processor, the digital signal is processed by the data processor and transmitted to a display unit, the display unit is wirelessly transmitted to a 5G data transmission gateway, the 5G data transmission gateway is transmitted to a central control system, namely an oilfield data analysis platform, and the oilfield data analysis platform intelligently monitors or manually monitors a feedback measurement and control system to ensure that the medicament storage tank works in a normal state; d. The method for detecting the hydrogen sulfide content by using the electrochemical sensor is that the detected digital signal of the hydrogen sulfide content is transmitted to a processor, the electrochemical sensor detects the hydrogen sulfide in the produced liquid of the oil well, the chemical signal is converted into an electric signal and transmitted to a signal converter, the signal converter converts an analog signal output by the electrochemical sensor into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to a data processor, the data processor processes the digital signal, the specific concentration of the hydrogen sulfide is calculated and transmitted to a display unit, and the display unit displays the concentration value of the hydrogen sulfide in a digital or graphic form; e. The monitoring method for monitoring the content of the hydrogen sulfide by using the 5G data transmission gateway is characterized in that the display unit wirelessly transmits the data of the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide, the proportional pump controller, the temperature sensor of the medicament storage tank and the liquid level sensor to the 5G data transmission gateway, the 5G data transmission gateway transmits the data to the central control system, namely the oil field data analysis platform, and the oil field data analysis platform intelligently or manually feeds back or transmits a control instruction to the display platform or a mobile phone of a responsible person for intelligent or manual processing, so that the concentration data of the hydrogen sulfide is ensured to be in a control interval, thereby ensuring the timeliness and the effectiveness of detection, and having important significance for quick response and accident diffusion prevention.
2. The measurement and control device for hydrogen sulfide in oil well according to claim 1, comprising a control cabinet (16) anti-theft lock, a medicine storage tank (9), an ejector (10), a base (20), a ventilation medicine adding port (19), a display unit (4), a proportional pump (8), a measurement and control circuit board (17) and medicines for neutralizing and reducing the content of hydrogen sulfide, wherein the control cabinet (16) is provided with a rectangular body, heat insulation layers are coated inside and outside six surfaces, the control cabinet is provided with the display unit (4), the rear wall of the control cabinet is provided with the measurement and control circuit board (17), the measurement and control circuit board is provided with an electrochemical sensor (1) arranged on a wellhead sleeve, a proportional pump controller (11) arranged on the proportional pump (8), a temperature sensor (12) arranged on the medicine storage tank, a liquid level sensor (13) connected with the proportional pump, a data processor (3) connected with the signal converter, the display unit (4) connected with the data processor, a rectifier (14) connected with the electrochemical sensor (1), the signal converter (2), the data processor (3), the display unit (4), the proportional pump (11), the liquid level sensor (12) and a rectifier (14) connected with a rectifier (15) of the proportional pump, the bottom of the control cabinet is provided with a proportion pump (8) connected with the outlet of the medicament storage tank.
3. The hydrogen sulfide measurement and control device for the oil well of claim 1, wherein the agent storage tank is rectangular, the width of the agent storage tank is the same as that of the control cabinet, the agent storage tank stands on the same base as the control cabinet behind the control cabinet, the six sides of the agent storage tank are coated with heat insulation layers, a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the side face of the agent storage tank, and a ventilation and dosing port is arranged on the top of the agent storage tank.
4. The hydrogen sulfide measurement and control device for an oil well according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical sensor interface is arranged at an outlet of an oil pipe at a wellhead.
5. The hydrogen sulfide measuring and controlling device for oil well according to claim 1, wherein the chemical injection port is arranged at an inlet of a sleeve gate of the well mouth.
6. The hydrogen sulfide measurement and control device for an oil well according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation dosing port is arranged at the top of the medicament storage tank and comprises a cylindrical dosing port, male threads are arranged on the upper periphery of the dosing port, a circular mesh plate is arranged on the dosing port, and a pressing cap which is connected with threads and provided with ventilation holes on the upper periphery of the dosing port is arranged on the dosing port.
7. The hydrogen sulfide measurement and control device for oil wells according to claim 1, wherein the agent for neutralizing and reducing the content of hydrogen sulfide is a zinc carbonate based agent.
8. The hydrogen sulfide measurement and control device for oil well according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the agent storage tank is provided with a control valve, and the control valve is provided with an outlet pipe connected with the inlet of the proportional pump in the control cabinet.
9. The hydrogen sulfide measuring and controlling device for oil well according to claim 1, wherein the injector is cylindrical, the diameter of the upper part is larger than that of the lower part, the upper part is provided with male threads connected with the sleeve gate, the lower part is provided with a duckbill nozzle, and the duckbill nozzle extends into the annular space of the sleeve.

Description

Measurement and control method and measurement and control device for preventing hydrogen sulfide corrosion of oil well Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of protection and environmental protection, in particular to a measurement and control method and a measurement and control device for preventing hydrogen sulfide corrosion of an oil well. The high-precision measurement and control system is used for adding the medicament for neutralizing or reducing the content of hydrogen sulfide from the sleeve to the bottom of the well, the ground measurement and control system is used for detecting, controlling the medicament addition, neutralizing or reducing the content of hydrogen sulfide in oil well liquid, and ensuring the production safety of an oil well production system, a gathering and transportation system and a treatment system under the condition of not corroding the oil sleeve, the gathering and transportation pipe network and equipment. Is a brand new system for preventing the hydrogen sulfide corrosion of oil well production systems, gathering and conveying pipeline networks and equipment treatment systems. Background With the development of oil fields, the content of hydrogen sulfide is increased year by year, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is colorless, smelly and extremely toxic combustible gas, and the harm of the hydrogen sulfide to the oil well production is mainly manifested in the following aspects of hydrogen cracking and stress cracking of the oil casing caused by the hydrogen sulfide under the environment of high temperature, high pressure and water content, and the cracking, the hydrogen bubbling and the stress failure of the oil casing are induced, so that the oil casing is leaked or perforated. The corrosion to oil well gathering and transportation pipeline and equipment is mainly two kinds of corrosion to steel pipe by hydrogen sulfide gas, namely electrochemical weightlessness corrosion and sulfide stress corrosion. The weightless corrosion means that under the condition of water, metal and sulfur-containing natural gas are contacted to generate electrochemical reaction, and electrons are transmitted between the metal and a medium, so that pits, spots and large-area corrosion are formed on the surface of the metal, and equipment is thinned, perforated and even burst. When the content of hydrogen sulfide in the air is 1mg/kg, the rotten egg flavor is found by smell, the content is 10mg/kg, which is the concentration limit of continuous working for 8 hours, and the content exceeds 50mg/kg, so that the olfactory nerve function of people can be weakened to cause death. According to the relevant regulations, the safety critical concentration of hydrogen sulfide is 20mg/kg and the dangerous critical concentration is 100mg/kg. Thus, hydrogen sulfide may cause poisoning and even death of well operators, affecting the normal production of the well. The influence on the performance of the well control liquid is that a small amount of hydrogen sulfide gas invades into the well control liquid, and the pH value of the well control liquid can be rapidly reduced to cause flocculation. This may cause the kill fluid to lose its proper properties, thereby affecting the production of the well. When the content of the hydrogen sulfide is 4.3-4.5% of that of the air, explosion can occur to generate explosive sulfur dioxide gas, which can cause explosion accidents of the surrounding environment of the oil well and further influence the normal production of the oil well. Comparison document 1 The device comprises an outer cylinder, a movable spray pipe, an advancing mechanism, a retreating mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a liquid inlet gate valve, wherein the outer cylinder is connected between the liquid inlet gate valve and the sleeve gate valve through a clamp, the movable spray pipe is positioned in the outer cylinder, and the advancing mechanism is positioned between the retreating mechanism and the positioning mechanism. The device stretches a nozzle with a spraying function into an oil sleeve annulus in the well flushing process, a well flushing liquid containing a desulfurizing agent and provided by a well flushing pump truck and having certain kinetic energy is atomized by the nozzle, fine fog drops are formed in the oil sleeve annulus, and the gas-liquid contact area is increased, so that the gas-phase hydrogen sulfide is thoroughly removed. The problem of current well flushing in-process sleeve pipe hydrogen sulfide removes inefficiency is solved. The patent is special for well flushing during well closing and only solves the problem of reducing or removing hydrogen sulfide in the annular space gas of the oil casing Comparison document 2 A device and a method for absorbing wellhead hydrogen sulfide gas are disclosed, wherein the device comprises an absorption tank, the absorption tank is at least provided with a crude oil inlet, a crude oil outlet, a liquid injection port a