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CN-121993192-A - Complex topography salt deposit layer drilling directional sampling and data transmission device

CN121993192ACN 121993192 ACN121993192 ACN 121993192ACN-121993192-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of salt deposit layer drilling sampling and data transmission, in particular to a complex terrain salt deposit layer drilling directional sampling and data transmission device which comprises a ground monitoring and power supply system, a drill string transmission system, a directional sampling execution end system and a data link feedback system, wherein the directional sampling execution end system is integrated at the tail end of the drill string transmission system through a long taper pipe thread structure, the data link feedback system is distributed and arranged in the directional sampling execution end system and at key nodes of the drill string transmission system, and the data link feedback system establishes a bidirectional communication link with the ground monitoring and power supply system through a wired and wireless coupled composite transmission mode.

Inventors

  • GUO MINGHUI

Assignees

  • 江苏煤炭地质勘探三队

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The device for directionally sampling and transmitting data of the drilling holes of the salt layer of the complex terrain is characterized by comprising a ground monitoring and power supply system (1), a drill string transmission system (2), a directional sampling execution end system (3) and a data link feedback system (4); the directional sampling execution end system (3) is integrated at the tail end of the drill string transmission system (2) through a long taper pipe thread structure; The data link feedback system (4) is distributed in the directional sampling execution end system (3) and at key nodes of the drill string transmission system (2), and the data link feedback system (4) establishes a bidirectional communication link with the ground monitoring and power supply system (1) through a wired and wireless coupled composite transmission mode; The directional sampling execution end system (3) sequentially comprises a debris filtering and circulating flow guiding module (8), a directional driving module (5), a multi-parameter sensor short section (6) and a double-pipe pressure maintaining sampling mechanism (7) from top to bottom; The directional driving module (5) comprises a shell (9) made of high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy, a hydraulic proportional control valve group (10) and an eccentric adjustable mechanism (11) are integrated in the shell (9), and the eccentric adjustable mechanism (11) is configured to realize the adjustment of an included angle between the axis of the sampling drill bit (19) and the axis of the drill string within the range of 0-5 degrees by adjusting the relative phase difference of an internal eccentric sleeve; The multi-parameter sensor nipple (6) is internally integrated with a high-precision inertial measurement unit (12), a stratum temperature and pressure sensing module (13), a mineral seam water content detection electrode (14) and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor (15) and is used for acquiring the space pose and geological physical parameters of a salt deposit in real time; the double-tube pressure-maintaining sampling mechanism (7) comprises an outer tube assembly (16), an inner tube assembly (17) suspended inside the outer tube assembly (16) through a bearing rotation isolation mechanism (18), and a sampling drill bit (19) arranged at the bottom end of the outer tube assembly (16); The top end of the inner pipe assembly (17) is provided with a one-way pressure relief valve (20) and a piston type compensation mechanism (21), and the piston type compensation mechanism (21) is configured to dynamically adjust the internal supporting pressure of the inner pipe according to stratum pressure data fed back by the multi-parameter sensor nipple (6) so as to maintain the in-situ stress state of the rock core.
  2. 2. The directional sampling and data transmission device for the salt mine layer drilling of the complex terrain according to claim 1 is characterized in that an eccentric adjustable mechanism (11) in the directional driving module (5) comprises an inner eccentric sleeve and an outer eccentric sleeve which are mutually nested, the inner eccentric sleeve and the outer eccentric sleeve are respectively connected with a micro driving motor, the micro driving motor drives the sleeves to rotate relatively according to a hydraulic signal of the hydraulic proportion control valve group (10), the adjusting precision of the eccentric adjustable mechanism (11) is 0.1 degree, the shell (9) is made of nickel-chromium-based corrosion-resistant alloy, and the surface of the shell is subjected to deep nitriding treatment.
  3. 3. The directional sampling and data transmission device for salt formation drilling of complex terrains according to claim 1, characterized in that the high precision inertial measurement unit (12) in the multi-parameter sensor nipple (6) comprises a triaxial fiber optic gyroscope and a triaxial accelerometer, and the inertial measurement unit (12) is equipped with independent high precision temperature crystal compensation and employs six flexible shock absorption packages, the formation temperature pressure sensing module (13) comprises a piezoresistive pressure sensor and a platinum resistance temperature sensor exposed to annular fluid, the working pressure ranges from 0 to 140 mpa, the working temperature ranges from minus 40 degrees celsius to plus 150 degrees celsius, the mineral formation moisture rate detection electrode (14) is composed of a plurality of groups of mutually insulated annular metal sheets, the salt mineral formation moisture rate is inverted by transmitting multi-frequency alternating current signals to the formation and according to the amplitude attenuation and phase shift of loop current, and the ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor (15) is configured to locate the mineral formation interface and calculate the layer thickness in real time by transmitting high frequency pulse sound waves and receiving mineral formation boundary reflection echoes.
  4. 4. The directional sampling and data transmission device for the drilling of the salt deposit layer of the complex terrain according to claim 1 is characterized in that a bearing rotation isolation mechanism (18) in the double-pipe pressure-maintaining sampling mechanism (7) is formed by connecting a multi-stage thrust ball bearing and a cylindrical roller bearing in series, the inside of the bearing rotation isolation mechanism is filled with lubricating oil and adopts a totally-enclosed sealing structure, the inner pipe assembly (17) is ensured to be kept static relative to a rock core when the outer pipe assembly (16) rotates along with a drill string, the sampling drill bit (19) adopts an asymmetric structure with alternately arranged cutting teeth and PDC composite sheets, and a transparent polymer composite lining which has a low friction coefficient and stable physicochemical property is paved in the inner pipe assembly (17) and is used for visual identification under the condition of not damaging the rock core.
  5. 5. The device for directional sampling and data transmission of complex terrain salt mining layer drilling according to claim 1, wherein the data link feedback system (4) comprises a downhole signal processing unit (22), a low-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitting module (23), an electromagnetic relay nipple (24) and a ground wireless receiving base station (25); The underground signal processing unit (22) is configured to sample, filter and compress and encapsulate sensor signals based on wavelet transformation, the low-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitting module (23) modulates digital signals into ultra-low-frequency electromagnetic wave signals with carrier frequencies between 0.5 and 20 hertz, the electromagnetic relay pup joint (24) is arranged along the drill string transmission system (2) at intervals of 300 to 500 meters and is used for carrying out induction receiving, power amplification and secondary forwarding on attenuated signals, and the ground wireless receiving base station (25) captures signals by adopting a multi-point array antenna and restores data by utilizing coherent demodulation and phased array beam forming technology.
  6. 6. The device for directional sampling and data transmission of the salt mine layer drilling of the complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein the ground monitoring and power supply system (1) is integrated in a reinforced mobile control center (26), a central processing unit and a power conversion module are arranged in the control center, the central processing unit is operated with a directional track prediction software and geological parameter association analysis model for issuing deviation correction instructions according to real-time attitude data, the power conversion module is configured to convert alternating current into high-voltage direct current and supply power to the underground through an insulated cable or an inductive coupling interface in the drill string transmission system (2), and the ground monitoring and power supply system (1) further comprises an emergency safety protection subsystem which senses abnormal working conditions through a pressure pulse detection loop and has the function of automatically starting an emergency pressure relief and automatic tool retraction program.
  7. 7. The device for directional sampling and data transmission of the salt mine layer drilling of the complex terrain according to claim 1, wherein the drill string transmission system (2) adopts a variable wall thickness drill rod (29), the variable wall thickness drill rod (29) is made of high-strength aluminum alloy or titanium alloy, the wall thickness of the middle part of a pipe body is smaller than that of joint parts at two ends, and a passive radio frequency identification chip (30) is embedded in the joint part of each variable wall thickness drill rod (29) and is used for recording identity codes, accumulated working time length, stress history and physical positions in drilling of the drill rod.
  8. 8. The device for directional sampling and data transmission of salt deposit layer drilling in complex terrains according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the debris filtering and circulating diversion module (8) is provided with a multi-stage cyclone separator (27), an anti-blocking filter screen (28) and a turbine generator (31), wherein the multi-stage cyclone separator (27) is configured to separate the debris in the circulating fluid to the annular space of the hole wall by utilizing centrifugal force, and the turbine generator (31) generates electric energy by utilizing the kinetic energy of the circulating fluid flow and is provided with an intelligent power management circuit to provide local hydraulic power for the directional driving module (5) and supply power for downhole electronic components.
  9. 9. The device for directional sampling and data transmission of complex terrain salt mine layer drilling according to claim 1, wherein an electronic cabin of the device adopts a double O-shaped sealing ring matched with a metal surface hard sealing structure and is filled with high dielectric strength compensation oil, a pressure balance piston is connected to the outer side of the cabin and used for keeping the inner pressure of the cabin and the outer stratum environment pressure in a dynamic balance mode, and a silicon carbide or diamond-like film strengthening layer grows on the surface of a metal component exposed to the outer environment in the device through a chemical vapor deposition technology and is used for resisting corrosion and scouring of a saline-alkali environment.
  10. 10. The device for directional sampling and data transmission of salt-mine layer drilling in complex terrains according to claim 5, wherein the data link feedback system (4) has a link adaptive optimization function, and when the channel interference or packet loss rate is detected to exceed a threshold value, the down-hole signal processing unit (22) automatically triggers the frequency hopping mechanism to switch to an optimal channel, and dynamically adjusts the data compression ratio and the error correction coding strength, and the ground wireless receiving base station (25) is further equipped with a portable satellite uplink for transmitting exploration data to a remote cloud server in real time.

Description

Complex topography salt deposit layer drilling directional sampling and data transmission device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of salt mine layer drilling sampling and data transmission, in particular to a device for drilling directional sampling and data transmission of a salt mine layer in complex terrains. Background The salt mine resource is used as a core raw material of basic chemical industry and related industry chains, the exploration and development breadth and depth of the salt mine resource are directly related to the national energy safety and the steady operation of an industrial system, along with the gradual saturation of the salt mine resource which is easy to mine and simple in geological structure, the gravity center of the salt mine exploration is obviously transferred to regions with extremely complex terrain conditions such as mountain lands, hills, saline-alkali marshes and the like, and the salt mine layers of the regions often accompany strong geological structure movements, so that obvious bedding inclination, heterogeneous lithology distribution and changeable geological stress environments are shown, and therefore, how to realize high-precision directional sampling of deep salt mine layers and real-time and reliable transmission of exploration data under extreme and complex geographical conditions becomes a technical altitude to be overcome in the current geological exploration field. In the prior art system, drilling and sampling aiming at a salt deposit layer mainly depends on a conventional straight hole drilling process and matched sampling equipment, specifically, the traditional equipment adopts a mechanical sampling pipe column to acquire a rock core in a rotary cutting or impact extrusion mode, under the working environment that the geological condition is relatively single and the mineral deposit is gentle in the past, the technical scheme well completes a preliminary exploration task by virtue of the characteristics of simple structure and convenient operation, and on the basis, in order to acquire geological parameters, a rock core sample is usually transported to a laboratory for offline detection after the sampling operation is completed, or a cable logging instrument is used for later data acquisition, and the mode of sampling firstly and then detecting forms a standard operation flow of salt deposit exploration in a longer period. Therefore, how to design an automatic exploration device which can adapt to the working condition of complex terrains and integrates directional accurate sampling, multidimensional parameter collaborative acquisition and high-reliability real-time data transmission has become improvement. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a device for directional sampling and data transmission of drilling holes in salt mine layers of complex terrains, so as to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the technical scheme that the device for directionally sampling and transmitting data for drilling the salt mine layer of the complex terrain comprises a ground monitoring and power supply system, a drill string transmission system, a directional sampling execution end system and a data link feedback system; The directional sampling execution end system is integrated at the tail end of the drill string transmission system through a long taper pipe thread structure; The data link feedback system is distributed in the directional sampling execution end system and at key nodes of the drill string transmission system, and the data link feedback system establishes a bidirectional communication link with the ground monitoring and power supply system through a wired and wireless coupled composite transmission mode; the directional sampling execution end system sequentially comprises a debris filtering and circulating flow guiding module, a directional driving module, a multi-parameter sensor pup joint and a double-pipe pressure maintaining sampling mechanism from top to bottom; The directional driving module comprises a shell made of high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy, a hydraulic proportion control valve group and an eccentric adjustable mechanism are integrated in the shell, and the eccentric adjustable mechanism is configured to adjust an included angle between the axis of the sampling drill bit and the axis of the drill string within a range from degree to degree by adjusting the relative phase difference of an internal eccentric sleeve; the multi-parameter sensor nipple is internally integrated with a high-precision inertial measurement unit, a stratum temperature and pressure sensing module, a mineral seam water content detection electrode and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor, and is used for acquiring the space pose and geological physical parameters of a salt deposit in real time; the double-tube pressure-maintaining samp