CN-121993206-A - Mining method for separating and filling slowly-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by classified pseudo-inclined mining

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining method for separating and filling slowly-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by separating and pseudo-inclined mining, which relates to the technical field of nonmetal underground mining and comprises the following steps of ore body division, sectional and middle-section arrangement along the trend of the ore body; the method comprises the steps of accurate cutting, arrangement of a middle section conveying gallery, a return gallery and a connecting gallery, tunneling cutting, climbing and integrating crushing and sorting equipment, pseudo-inclined classified layered stoping, differential ore dropping of upper horizontal shallow holes and middle-lower fan-shaped medium-length holes, cooperation of combined support, classified filling, construction of a retaining wall and water filtering system, multiplexing bottoming of tailings, differential gray sand ratio filling of ore pillars of a strip ore room, and finally full mining and full filling of ore pillars after the ore room. The mining method provided by the invention can improve the ore resource recovery rate of the gently inclined phosphorite, reduce the depletion rate, improve the mining efficiency, enhance the safety, reduce the production cost, promote the environmental protection and the like, and has great significance for the efficient, safe and environment-friendly mining of the gently inclined phosphorite resources in China.

Inventors

• REN JINHUA
• LONG XIANG
• WANG XIBING
• Diao Bibo
• TIAN MAOBIAO
• YU MINGHONG
• XIONG WEI
• ZHANG ZHENYUE
• LIU DEFENG
• ZHENG YANTAO
• HUANG LANG
• XU SHUNFA
• JIANG GUICHUAN
• CHEN XINGYU
• RAN XIAOXIAO

Assignees

• 贵州化工建设有限责任公司
• 武汉工程大学
• 贵州铝业集团息烽矿产有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260327

Claims (10)

1. 1. The mining method for separating the graded pseudo-inclined mining and separating the slowly inclined medium-thickness phosphorite is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Dividing ore bodies, namely arranging all ores along the trend of the ore bodies, dividing the height of each stage by 25-35m, subdividing the ore bodies into 2-3 middle sections, and mining; The mining and standard cutting is carried out, namely a middle section conveying gallery (1) is arranged along a middle ore body in the middle section, the middle section conveying gallery (1) is used as a return air gallery (5), a connecting gallery is respectively tunneled upwards and downwards along the bottom plates of the return air gallery (5) and the middle section conveying gallery (1) in a top and bottom column, a cutting mountain is tunneled along the top of the upper connecting gallery, and the mining and standard cutting work is completed by downwards tunnelling and lower middle section combined gallery through after reaching the bottom column; the stoping comprises the steps of arranging a route along a pseudo-slope in each section, carrying out layered stoping from top to bottom based on ore grade, carrying out horizontal shallow hole ore falling in a cutting mountain by stoping an upper layer ore layer, and carrying out medium-length hole ore falling on a middle-lower layer ore layer, wherein ore falling is carried out by adopting a scraper; Filling, namely respectively building filling body retaining walls (6) in the upper and lower combined roadways after the stoping step is finished, wherein the lower retaining wall is half of a building, the upper retaining wall is reserved with filling pipeline ports, 3-4 layers of water filtering pipelines are hung in a goaf, after the next ore room is mined, the tailings are fully filled into the goaf, the lower retaining wall is blocked, then, filling pipelines are erected on the upper retaining wall, and filling is carried out by adopting filling bodies (8); and (3) circularly working, namely extracting according to the sequence of a first ore room and a later ore pillar, taking out all ores in the sections and filling, wherein the mining method of the ore pillar is the same as that of the ore room.
2. 2. The mining method for classified-grade pseudo-inclined mining and classified-filling gently-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite according to claim 1, wherein the trend length of the ore body trend arrangement is 70-90m, the segmented pseudo-inclined mining is performed during mining, the pseudo-inclined angle is 5-10 degrees, the tray area size is 180-220m, the ore room width is 8-12m, and the ore pillar width is 10-14m.
3. 3. The mining method for separating and filling the gently inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by the classified pseudo-inclined mining according to the claim 1 is characterized in that in the quasi-cutting step, the cross section area of the middle section conveying roadway (1) is 6-9m 2 ; Specifically, the sectional transportation roadway is arranged at the lower disc of the disc area, and is used for transporting the middle and low grade ores (9) at the upper part and the lower part and tailings treated by the crusher and the mobile intelligent separator (2).
4. 4. The mining method for separating and filling gently inclined medium-thickness phosphorite according to the classified pseudo-inclined mining of claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the upper and lower connecting roadways is 5-20 degrees; In the quasi-cutting step, the width of the cutting mountain is 2-4m, wherein the produced ore is transported to a crusher through a lower combined roadway and then transferred to a mobile intelligent separator (2).
5. 5. The mining method for classified-grade pseudo-inclined mining, classified-grade gently-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite according to claim 1, wherein in the stoping step, the critical grade of the ore based on ore grade stratification is 24% -26%; The upper middle and lower low-grade ores (9) are conveyed to a mobile intelligent separator (2) through a crusher, screened concentrate is conveyed to a drop shaft (7) through a belt, tailings are conveyed to a goaf, and middle high-grade ores (10) are directly shoveled and conveyed to the drop shaft (7) without separation; The row distance between the anchor rods of the anchor rod and anchor cable metal net combined support is 0.8-1.2m, and the row distance between the anchor cables is 1.2-2.5m.
6. 6. The mining method for separating and filling gently inclined medium-thickness phosphorite according to the separated grade pseudo-inclined mining method of claim 1, wherein the horizontal shallow hole depth is 2-4m, and the medium-deep hole depth is 3-15m; Specifically, the medium-length hole ore dropping hole is in a sector medium-length hole shape, the hole opening distance is not smaller than 0.2m, the hole bottom distance is 2.0m-2.2m, the row distance is 1.2m-2.0m, a cutting gallery (12) is used, and a cutting courtyard is a free surface for ore caving.
7. 7. The mining method for classified-grade pseudo-inclined mining and classified-gently-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite according to claim 1, wherein the filler retaining wall (6) is a concrete retaining wall; the upper retaining wall is a vertical retaining wall, the thickness is 20-40cm, the length and the width of the upper retaining wall are respectively consistent with the width and the height of the connecting roadway, and an opening is reserved at the upper left part of the upper retaining wall; The length of the hole is 20-30cm, the width of the hole is consistent with the thickness of the filler retaining wall (6), the height of the hole is 15-30cm, the radius of the lower retaining wall is 3-6m, the thickness of the lower retaining wall is 20-40cm, and the height of the lower retaining wall is connected with the top plate in a top-connecting mode and is sealed without slurry leakage.
8. 8. The mining method for classified-grade pseudo-inclined mining and classified-slowly-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite according to claim 1, wherein the water filtering pipes are arranged in a rhombic manner in an up-down crossing manner, a first layer is directly placed on the tailings, a second or third layer is suspended in the air through steel wires fixed on the ore pillar, and a third or fourth layer is directly suspended on a top plate.
9. 9. The mining method for separating and filling the gently inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by the classified pseudo-inclined mining according to claim 1, wherein the filling by the filling body (8) comprises the steps of filling by filling slurry with high gray-sand ratio, and filling by filling slurry with low gray-sand ratio when the ore pillar is extracted; The high ash-sand ratio is 1:4-1:8, the low ash-sand ratio is 1:10-1:2, and the concentration of the filling slurry is 65% -75%; The tailings are transported to each corner of the goaf by the scraper through the tailings stacks screened by the mobile intelligent separator (2) respectively, and are tiled to serve as the bottom layer of the filling body (8).
10. 10. The mining method for separating and filling gently-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite according to the classified pseudo-inclined mining method of claim 1, wherein the mining method further comprises the steps of setting up a ventilation pipe and a return air pipe during the stoping step, and setting a dust removal fan on the wall of a return air roadway; after the working surface is washed by the wind flow, the dirty wind is discharged to the return air tunnel through the local fan, and finally is discharged from the ground surface.

Description

Mining method for separating and filling slowly-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by classified pseudo-inclined mining Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of underground mining of nonmetallic ores, in particular to a mining method for separating and filling slowly-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by using classified-grade pseudo-inclined mining. Background The slowly inclined medium-thickness phosphorite is taken as an important mineral resource in China, is widely applied to the key fields of chemical industry, agriculture and the like, and is high-efficiency, safe and environment-friendly in exploitation, so that the resource utilization efficiency and the sustainable development of industry are related. According to different ground pressure management modes, underground mining is mainly divided into three major categories, namely a blank field mining method, a caving mining method and a filling mining method, wherein the filling mining method has the advantages of strong adaptability, high ore recovery rate, low depletion rate, safer operation, small mining and cutting engineering quantity, high flexibility, capability of effectively maintaining surrounding rocks, reducing movement and a large number of falling of the surrounding rocks, better environmental protection and the like, and is suitable for mining the ore bodies of unstable high-grade rare precious ores of the surrounding rocks. However, the inclination angle of the traditional gentle-inclined phosphate ore deposit is 5-30 degrees, and the traditional gentle-inclined phosphate ore deposit is limited by special occurrence conditions, so that the technical difficulty of mining is high, and a plurality of technical short plates still exist in the existing mining method. Firstly, because the ore body inclination is slower, the ore can not be carried by means of dead weight, and even when the ore body inclination is smaller than the natural repose angle of the ore, the bottom plate has partial residual ore, and the ore is lost. Secondly, the mining method of the gently inclined phosphorite is limited, if a null field method is selected, the loss and dilution of ore are larger due to the fact that ore pillars are reserved, the management difficulty of a top plate is increased, if the goaf is not properly managed, the ground is possibly collapsed, the life safety of personnel is possibly damaged, and mine safety accidents are caused, if a large amount of mining and cutting work is needed by a filling rule is selected, the cost of filling materials is higher, and if the filling process is not mature, the filling efficiency is lower. Finally, the gently inclined phosphorite has the coexistence of ores with different high, medium and low grades, the mining together can increase the ore dressing cost, the tailing treatment cost is increased, the economic benefit is reduced, and meanwhile, the intermediate layer waste rock in the middle of the ore body can increase the depletion rate. In summary, in order to fundamentally improve the mining effect of the gently inclined medium-thickness phosphorite, it is necessary to innovate the existing traditional gently inclined filling mining method, and a mining method for separating and filling the gently inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by separating and separating the pseudo-inclined mining is provided. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a mining method for separating and separating slowly-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by separating and pseudo-inclined mining, which adopts the cooperative design of ore body separation middle section refinement arrangement and pseudo-inclined layered mining based on ore grade, the safety guarantee scheme of combining upper horizontal shallow holes with medium-lower medium-deep hole differential falling air and anchor rod and anchor cable metal net combined support, intelligent crushing in a sectional transportation gallery, sorting, conveying and separating integrally, and multiplexing the flow of differential filling of different mortar and sand ratios filling slurry and ore room and ore pillar circulation operation by the tailings, thereby effectively solving the problems of difficult separation mining, large mining and cutting workload, higher filling cost and low filling and stoping efficiency of the traditional slowly-inclined filling mining method and providing a new idea for efficient, safe and environment-friendly mining of slowly-inclined phosphorite resources in China. Based on the first main aspect of the invention, a mining method for separating and filling slowly-inclined medium-thickness phosphorite by separating and mining grade pseudo-inclined is provided, which comprises the following steps: Dividing ore bodies, namely arranging all ores along the trend of the ore bodies, dividing the height of each stage by 25-35m, subdividing the ore bodies into 2-3 middle sections, and mining; The mining and st