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CN-121993217-A - Vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool combined rock breaking operation device in extreme environment

CN121993217ACN 121993217 ACN121993217 ACN 121993217ACN-121993217-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool combined rock breaking operation device in an extreme environment, which relates to the technical field of drilling tool rock breaking operation and comprises a vehicle-mounted system box, wherein a cavity is formed in one side of the interior of the vehicle-mounted system box, a vehicle-mounted engine unit is arranged in the cavity, the vehicle-mounted engine unit comprises a double-head motor arranged in the cavity, and two ends of the double-head motor are connected with machine shafts. The invention integrates high-energy laser onto the device, greatly shortens the energy transmission distance, utilizes the laser head to emit high-energy laser and rapidly transmits the high-energy laser to the rock surface of the face, and huge energy carried by the laser instantly acts on the rock to rapidly raise the local temperature of the rock to cause the thermal weakening effect in the rock, and then utilizes the mechanical drill bit to perform high-efficiency cutting, so that the internal structure of the rock is gradually destroyed under the action of high temperature to become loose and fragile, and the process not only creates very favorable conditions for subsequent mechanical rock breaking.

Inventors

  • HE ZHIQIANG
  • Yang Zundong
  • ZHANG YANG
  • YANG LEI
  • He Kunchen
  • ZHOU XUEMIN
  • LUO CHANGYUAN
  • TANG RUIFENG
  • Tan Yuanling
  • WANG YUNLONG
  • ZHAO XIYUAN

Assignees

  • 四川大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260213

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool joint rock breaking operation device under extreme environment, includes vehicle-mounted system case (1), vehicle-mounted system case (1) inside one side is provided with the cavity, and the cavity is inside to be provided with vehicle-mounted engine group, vehicle-mounted engine group includes double-end motor (15) that set up in the cavity, double-end motor (15) both ends all are connected with spindle (1501), the one end of spindle (1501) all extends to vehicle-mounted system case (1) outside and is connected with crawler wheel one (16), all be connected with crawler wheel two (17) on vehicle-mounted system case (1) outer wall of crawler wheel one (16) one side, be connected with between crawler wheel one (16) and crawler wheel two (17) and move crawler (18); The automatic chip collecting and drilling device is characterized in that one side of the top end of the vehicle-mounted system box (1) is provided with a vehicle-mounted power supply battery pack (8), the other side of the top end of the vehicle-mounted system box (1) is connected with a three-in-one serial-connection integrated box (2), two sides of the top end of the three-in-one serial-connection integrated box (2) are respectively provided with an adjusting component, two sides of the top end of the vehicle-mounted system box (1) on one side of the three-in-one serial-connection integrated box (2) are respectively and movably connected with a laser transmission plate (3), one end of the laser transmission plate (3) is connected with a transmission roller (4), one end of the transmission roller (4) is provided with a telescopic mechanism (5), one end of the telescopic mechanism (5) is connected with a connecting block (19), one end of the connecting block (19) is connected with a laser head (6), one side of the vehicle-mounted system box (1) is connected with an adjusting seat (14), one side of the adjusting seat (14) is connected with a protective cover (11), the interior of the protective cover (11) is connected with a motor (10), the output shaft end of the drilling motor (10) is connected with a mechanical drill bit (9), and the outer side of the vehicle-mounted system box (1) below the protective cover (11) is connected with an electric telescopic rod (13), and one end of the electric rod (12) is movably connected with a telescopic shovel.
  2. 2. The device for combined laser-drilling tool and rock breaking under the extreme environment according to claim 1, wherein one end of the connecting block (19) is connected with a threaded column (1901), the outer side of the threaded column (1901) is connected with a protective cover (7) in a threaded manner, and the protective cover (7) covers the laser head (6) to provide protection under the condition that the laser head (6) is not used.
  3. 3. The vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool combined rock breaking device in the extreme environment according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting assembly comprises a hydraulic cylinder (20) connected to the top end of the three-in-one serial integrated box (2), one end of the hydraulic cylinder (20) is connected with a movable seat (21), and the movable seat (21) is connected to the laser transmission plate (3).
  4. 4. The vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool combined rock breaking device in an extreme environment according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic mechanism (5) comprises a power frame (501), the power frame (501) is connected to one side of a transmission roller (4), a power motor (502) is connected to one side of the bottom end of the power frame (501), a power shaft (503) is connected to the output shaft end of the power motor (502), the power shaft (503) extends to the inside of the power frame (501), a driven shaft (505) is connected to the inside of the power frame (501) on one side of the power shaft (503), and a telescopic power belt (504) is connected between the power shaft (503) and the driven shaft (505) through a belt pulley.
  5. 5. The device for combined laser-drilling and rock breaking in an extreme environment according to claim 4, wherein the telescopic power belt (504) is sleeved with a telescopic moving block (506), through holes are formed in two inner sides of the telescopic moving block (506), one side of the telescopic power belt (504) penetrates through the through holes, and the other side of the telescopic power belt is fixedly connected with the telescopic power belt (504).
  6. 6. The device for combined laser-drilling and rock breaking in an extreme environment according to claim 5, wherein the top end of the telescopic moving block (506) is connected with a telescopic frame (507), the telescopic frame (507) horizontally stretches and contracts along the power frame (501), and one end of the telescopic frame (507) is connected with the top end of the connecting block (19).
  7. 7. The device for combined rock breaking by using the vehicle-mounted laser and drilling tool under the extreme environment according to claim 5, wherein threaded holes are formed in the top ends of the telescopic moving block (506) and the telescopic frame (507), the positions of the two threaded holes coincide, fixing bolts (508) are connected with the inner threads of the threaded holes, and the telescopic frame (507) and the telescopic moving block (506) are detachably connected through the fixing bolts (508).
  8. 8. The vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool combined rock breaking device in an extreme environment according to claim 1, wherein the laser transmission plate (3) is embedded with an optical fiber, and one end of the optical fiber is connected with the laser head (6) for laser transmission.
  9. 9. The device for combined laser-drilling tool and rock breaking under extreme environment according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical drill (9) is provided with a sensor, and stratum information is sensed in real time and fed back to the control system.

Description

Vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool combined rock breaking operation device in extreme environment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tool rock breaking operation, in particular to a vehicle-mounted laser-drilling tool combined rock breaking operation device in an extreme environment. Background As shallow oil gas and mineral resources are gradually depleted, supply and demand contradictions are increasingly outstanding, and arming to the deep part of the earth becomes necessary choice, however, as drilling depth is increased, deep resource development faces extreme environmental challenges such as three-high two-complexity (high temperature, high ground pressure, high ground stress, complex stratum, complex structure) and the like, traditional mechanical drilling encounters bottlenecks such as rapid drop of drilling rate, serious abrasion and the like, so that deep drilling operation period is long, cost is high, and effective development of deep resources is severely restricted; In order to break through the efficiency bottleneck of pure mechanical rock breaking, students at home and abroad actively explore a non-traditional rock breaking method. The laser-assisted rock breaking technology is widely focused on the fact that a high-energy-density light beam is instantaneously applied to rock to realize rapid thermal cracking, melting or evaporation in a short time, so that the strength of deep hard rock is remarkably reduced. However, expanding the laser rock breaking technology from a laboratory to deep drilling site application faces two major problems, namely 1) energy long-distance transmission, namely that a high-power laser source is arranged on the ground, the energy loss of the laser energy transmitted by the high-power laser source through the ultra-long distance is huge, so that the effective power density reaching the deep part is far lower than the effective rock breaking threshold value, and the technical scheme is not feasible in economy and engineering, 2) the deep extreme environment adaptability, namely that the high-temperature environment in the deep part of the earth can increase the loss of a transmission optical fiber and shorten the service life of the transmission optical fiber, the sealing and the structural integrity of the high-pressure and excavation strong disturbance environment on precision components such as an optical fiber connector, an optical window and the like are threatened, and the prior art lacks an integrated laser rock breaking device capable of stably working for a long time under the extreme environment, so that the laser auxiliary rock breaking technology still stays in an indoor experimental level; The most similar prior art is a long-distance transmission scheme based on a ground laser source, and is characterized in that a laser is fixed on the ground, energy is transmitted to the bottom of a well through an optical fiber with a length of several kilometers, and the most main defect is that effective rock breaking energy is seriously insufficient, so that engineering feasibility of the technical scheme is low in deep drilling, the distance between a laser energy application point (tunnel face rock) and an energy source (ground laser) is overlong because the laser is required to be arranged on the ground, and generally, the laser inevitably generates huge loss when transmitting in an optical fiber with an ultra-long distance, and finally, the effective laser energy reaching the tunnel face is insufficient and is far lower than a power threshold value required for carrying out high-efficiency thermal cracking on deep hard rock, so that the advantage of laser rock breaking is lost in a deep drilling scene, and the scheme does not have engineering practical value. And secondly, the system reliability is poor, the system is difficult to adapt to underground extreme high-temperature, high-pressure and excavation disturbance environments, because long-distance optical fiber transmission energy is relied on, the optical fiber and the connector are extremely easy to abrade and even break under complex underground drilling working conditions such as tripping and drilling, the high temperature at the bottom of the well can obviously increase the transmission loss of the optical fiber and accelerate the aging of the optical fiber, the high-pressure and excavation disturbance forms continuous threat to the sealing integrity of an optical fiber connecting point and an underground optical window, the failure rate of the whole energy transmission line is high, the maintenance cost is high, the requirements of continuous and efficient drilling operation cannot be met, in addition, the rock breaking process is extensive, the energy utilization rate is low, and intelligent synergy is lacked. The existing scheme generally adopts a simple mode of laser continuous irradiation and mechanical follow-up, and the lack of feedback and cooperative