CN-121993224-A - Tunnel excavation and support full-flow low-carbon automatic control method and system

CN121993224ACN 121993224 ACN121993224 ACN 121993224ACN-121993224-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-flow low-carbon automatic control method and a full-flow low-carbon automatic control system for tunnel excavation and support, wherein the method comprises the steps that a controller issues double-energy-gathering smooth blasting hole distribution and charging control instructions to an excavation executing mechanism according to preset excavation outline parameters, and the excavation executing mechanism executes blasting operation according to the corresponding control instructions to form an excavation outline; the method comprises the steps of dividing a supporting injection area into five subareas according to an excavation outline, sending an injection sequence instruction to an injection executing mechanism by a controller according to a preset subarea execution sequence, carrying out real-time leveling and compactness control by the injection executing mechanism through a flexible scraping plate, collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of surrounding rock and a supporting molding surface after injection supporting through a three-dimensional laser scanning module, transmitting the three-dimensional point cloud data to the controller, comparing the three-dimensional point cloud data with a BIM model by the controller, calculating the over-underexcavation quantity and supporting deviation, and adjusting a concrete supply plan, a slag discharging schedule and mechanical energy consumption by the controller according to the over-underexcavation quantity and the supporting deviation.

Inventors

LIU HAI
MA QINGQUAN
Zou Congbo
ZHONG JINMING
LUO RONG
Li Fandao
CHENG JINPING
Yao Shengbiao
YUE JIAO
GUI HAIBO
LI YE
LI BIN
YANG XIANG
LI MENGMENG

Assignees

中交二航局第四工程有限公司
中交第二航务工程局有限公司
广西桂贺高速公路有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260112

Claims (10)

1. The full-process low-carbon automatic control method for tunnel excavation and support is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Step 101, a controller issues a double-energy-gathering smooth blasting hole distribution and charging control instruction to an excavation executing mechanism according to preset excavation profile parameters, and the excavation executing mechanism executes blasting operation according to the corresponding control instruction to form an excavation profile; Step 102, dividing a support injection area into five zones according to an excavation contour, and issuing an injection sequence instruction to an injection executing mechanism by a controller according to a preset zone execution sequence, wherein the injection executing mechanism performs real-time leveling and compactness control through a flexible scraping plate; Step 103, collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of surrounding rock and supporting forming surfaces after the spraying and supporting through a three-dimensional laser scanning module, transmitting the three-dimensional point cloud data to a controller, comparing the three-dimensional point cloud data with a BIM model by the controller, and calculating the super-underexcavation quantity and the supporting deviation; and 104, the controller adjusts a concrete supply plan, deslagging scheduling and mechanical energy consumption according to the super-underexcavation quantity and the support deviation, so that closed-loop automatic control of the low-carbon tunnel construction is completed.
2. The tunnel excavation and support full-flow low-carbon automatic control method is characterized in that the double energy-gathering smooth blasting hole distribution and charge control instructions comprise that double energy-gathering groove medicine pipes are distributed on the periphery of an excavation surface, so that an energy-gathering jet surface is aligned with a pre-cracking surface to be consistent, stress waves, detonation gas expansion and gas blade effects are generated at the same time at the moment of blasting, cracks are formed and extended rapidly according to a design contour, and overexcitation and surrounding rock disturbance are reduced; And taking the blasting forming profile as an excavation profile and taking the excavation profile as a dividing reference of the supporting injection area.
3. The method for automatically controlling the whole process of tunnel excavation and supporting low carbon according to claim 1, wherein the five partitions comprise a vault, a left arch shoulder, a right arch shoulder, a left arch leg and a right arch leg, and the preset partition execution sequence comprises the steps of starting from the vault, sequentially starting from the vault, the left arch shoulder, the left arch leg, the vault, the right arch shoulder, the right arch leg, the vault, the left arch shoulder and the right arch shoulder.
4. The method for automatically controlling the whole process of tunnel excavation and supporting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller controls the pressure, the spraying distance, the spray head posture and the spray layer thickness of the spraying mechanical arm of the spraying actuator in real time when the spraying actuator performs the spraying operation in each partition.
5. The method for automatically controlling the whole process of tunnel excavation and support with low carbon according to claim 1, wherein the excavation profile parameters, the support thickness target and the injection control amount of the next cycle are updated according to the super-shortage excavation amount and the support deviation; and transmitting the updated excavation profile parameters, the support thickness target and the injection control quantity to the excavation executing mechanism in the step 101 and the injection executing mechanism in the step 102 again to form closed-loop control.
6. The tunnel excavation and support full-flow low-carbon automatic control method according to claim 1, wherein the double energy-gathering tank medicine pipe is made of polyvinyl chloride materials to form a double energy-gathering tank structure, so that centering stability of an energy-gathering jet surface is improved, and forming quality of cracks is improved.
7. The utility model provides a tunnel excavation, full low carbon automatic control system of support flow which characterized in that includes: The controller is used for issuing a double-energy-gathering smooth blasting hole distribution and charging control instruction to the excavation executing mechanism according to preset excavation outline parameters, and the excavation executing mechanism executes blasting operation according to the corresponding control instruction to form an excavation outline; The support module is used for dividing the support injection area into five subareas according to the excavation outline, the controller issues an injection sequence instruction to the injection execution mechanism according to a preset subarea execution sequence, and the injection execution mechanism performs real-time leveling and compactness control through the flexible scraping plate; The data acquisition module is used for acquiring three-dimensional point cloud data of the surrounding rock and the supporting forming surface after the spraying and supporting through the three-dimensional laser scanning module, transmitting the three-dimensional point cloud data to the controller, comparing the three-dimensional point cloud data with the BIM model by the controller, and calculating the super-underexcavation quantity and the supporting deviation; and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the concrete supply plan, the deslagging scheduling and the mechanical energy consumption according to the super-underexcavation quantity and the support deviation by the controller so as to complete closed-loop automatic control of the low-carbon tunnel construction.
8. The method for automatically controlling the whole process of tunnel excavation and support with low carbon as claimed in claim 7, wherein the control instructions of hole distribution and charge distribution of double energy collecting smooth blasting comprise the steps of arranging double energy collecting tank medicine pipes around the periphery of an excavation surface, enabling an energy collecting jet surface to be aligned with a pre-cracking surface, generating stress waves, detonation gas expansion and gas blade effect at the same time at the moment of blasting, enabling cracks to be formed and extended rapidly according to a design contour, and reducing overexcitation and surrounding rock disturbance; And taking the blasting forming profile as an excavation profile and taking the excavation profile as a dividing reference of the supporting injection area.
9. The method for automatically controlling the whole process of tunnel excavation and supporting and low carbon according to claim 7, wherein the five partitions comprise a vault, a left arch shoulder, a right arch shoulder, a left arch leg and a right arch leg, and the preset partition execution sequence comprises the steps of starting from the vault, sequentially starting from the vault, the left arch leg, the vault, the right arch shoulder, the right arch leg, the vault, the left arch shoulder and the right arch shoulder.
10. The method for automatically controlling the whole process of tunnel excavation and supporting as claimed in claim 7, wherein the controller controls the pressure, the spraying distance, the spray head posture and the spray layer thickness of the spraying mechanical arm of the spraying actuator in real time when the spraying actuator performs the spraying operation in each partition.

Description

Tunnel excavation and support full-flow low-carbon automatic control method and system Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a full-flow low-carbon automatic control method and system for tunnel excavation and support. Background Along with the continuous expansion of tunnel engineering scale, the conventional process of drilling, blasting, excavating, primary support spraying and monitoring and measuring is generally adopted in the conventional tunnel construction process, but the process has long shown obvious characteristics of excavating, supporting and detecting segmented fracture, and a real-time coupling feedback mechanism is lacked among links. In the prior art, the blasting hole distribution is dependent on manual experience, fixed hole distance and fixed charging structure, charging direction and energy distribution are difficult to be matched with design contours accurately, the problems of blasting contour deviation, excessive disturbance of a free surface, severe overexcavation and the like are easily caused, in the construction of primary support shotcrete, the spraying sequence is lack of uniform standard, the nozzle posture, the spraying distance and the wind pressure adjustment are highly dependent on the experience of workers, the rebound rate is high, the fluctuation of the spraying thickness is large, and the phenomena of partial hollowness and uneven thickness are easily caused by uneven supporting surface. Therefore, the conventional tunnel construction is difficult to meet the requirements of modern tunnel engineering in terms of shape control, deformation control, material saving, energy consumption management, construction quality stability and the like, and a closed-loop automatic control method which can open a chain, has continuous iterative optimization capability and can adapt to complex surrounding rock conditions is urgently needed. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a full-process low-carbon automatic control method for tunnel excavation and support, which comprises the following steps: Step 101, a controller issues a double-energy-gathering smooth blasting hole distribution and charging control instruction to an excavation executing mechanism according to preset excavation profile parameters, and the excavation executing mechanism executes blasting operation according to the corresponding control instruction to form an excavation profile; Step 102, dividing a support injection area into five zones according to an excavation contour, and issuing an injection sequence instruction to an injection executing mechanism by a controller according to a preset zone execution sequence, wherein the injection executing mechanism performs real-time leveling and compactness control through a flexible scraping plate; Step 103, collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of surrounding rock and supporting forming surfaces after the spraying and supporting through a three-dimensional laser scanning module, transmitting the three-dimensional point cloud data to a controller, comparing the three-dimensional point cloud data with a BIM model by the controller, and calculating the super-underexcavation quantity and the supporting deviation; and 104, the controller adjusts a concrete supply plan, deslagging scheduling and mechanical energy consumption according to the super-underexcavation quantity and the support deviation, so that closed-loop automatic control of the low-carbon tunnel construction is completed. Further, the double energy-gathering smooth blasting hole distribution and charge control instruction comprises that double energy-gathering groove medicine pipes are distributed on the periphery of an excavation surface, so that the energy-gathering jet surface is aligned with a pre-cracking surface to generate stress wave, detonation gas expansion and gas blade effect at the same time at the moment of blasting, so that cracks are formed and extended rapidly according to a designed contour, and overexcitation and surrounding rock disturbance are reduced; And taking the blasting forming profile as an excavation profile and taking the excavation profile as a dividing reference of the supporting injection area. Further, the five subareas comprise a vault, a left arch shoulder, a right arch shoulder, a left arch leg and a right arch leg, and the preset subarea execution sequence comprises the steps of starting from the vault, and sequentially starting from the vault, the left arch shoulder, the left arch leg, the vault, the right arch shoulder, the right arch leg, the vault, the left arch shoulder and the right arch shoulder. Further, when the spraying executing mechanism executes spraying operation in each partition, the controller controls the pressure, the spraying distance, the spray head posture and the spraying layer thickness of the spraying mechanical ar