CN-121993526-A - Conch shell-like round tube improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure and application

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure of a conch-like shell round tube, belongs to the technical field of impact resistance protection, and can be used for dynamic load protection by a structural unit or a structural modularized array. The bionic method improves the circular tube structure, realizes the controllable manufacturing cost by means of simple structural design on the premise of not increasing the quality of the traditional circular tube completely, improves the energy absorption value per unit mass compared with the traditional circular tube, and thoroughly solves the problem of sharp initial peak crushing force existing in the axial crushing of the traditional circular tube.

Inventors

• WANG CHENG
• XU BIN
• XIAO CHENGLONG
• YANG TONGHUI
• ZHANG RUMING

Assignees

• 北京理工大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260316

Claims (8)

1. 1. The utility model provides an imitative conch shell pipe improves energy-absorbing structure that shocks resistance which characterized in that: The energy absorbing structure is obtained by improving a round tube with the height of the round tube being The residual height of the round tube after the round tube is axially compressed and enters the compaction stage is ; The energy absorption structure comprises four rib plates and wall surfaces surrounding the four rib plates; The four rib plates comprise two high rib plates and two low rib plates, the two high rib plates are coplanar, the two low rib plates are coplanar, and the two high rib plates and the two low rib plates are arranged in the wall surface in a cross shape; On the premise of not changing the diameter and the height of the circular tube, a wall surface is formed in a spiral sweeping mode, the wall surface comprises two parts which are in a central antisymmetric configuration, and the lowest height of each part is Maximum height of 。
2. 2. The improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure of the conch-like shell round tube according to claim 1, wherein the improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure is characterized in that: the wall is swept by two 180 ° apart spirals forming a central antisymmetric configuration.
3. 3. The improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure of the conch-like shell round tube according to claim 1, wherein the improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure is characterized in that: the two short rib plates are trapezoid, the upper bottom of the trapezoid is connected with the wall surface, and the height of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is The lower bottom of the trapezoid is positioned at the central axis of the cylinder, and the height of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 。
4. 4. The improved impact-resistant and energy-absorbing structure of the conch-like shell round tube according to claim 3, wherein the improved impact-resistant and energy-absorbing structure is characterized in that: The two high rib plates are trapezoid, the lower bottom of the trapezoid is connected with the wall surface, and the height of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is The upper bottom of the trapezoid is positioned at the central axis of the cylinder, and the height of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 。
5. 5. The improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure of the conch-like shell round tube according to claim 4, wherein the improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure is characterized in that: The four rib plates form a spiral gradual change type supporting system in space, so that the round tube forms a multi-layer gradual collapse path in the compression process.
6. 6. Use of the conch-like shell round tube of claim 1 to improve impact resistance and energy absorption structure, characterized in that: The energy absorbing structure is used as a core layer of a sandwich buffer structure.
7. 7. The application of the conch-like shell round tube improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that: In the single structure mode, the energy-absorbing structure is arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate, the top of the energy-absorbing structure is in contact fixation with the top plate, and the bottom of the energy-absorbing structure is in contact fixation with the bottom plate.
8. 8. The application of the conch-like shell round tube improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that: and in a two-dimensional array structure mode, arranging a plurality of energy-absorbing structures between the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein the top of the energy-absorbing structures are fixed in a contact manner with the top plate, and the bottom of the energy-absorbing structures are fixed in a contact manner with the bottom plate to form a two-dimensional array core layer.

Description

Conch shell-like round tube improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure and application Technical Field The invention relates to an improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure of a conch-like shell round tube and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of impact-resistant protection. Background In the fields of protection engineering, transportation equipment, aerospace and the like, when the structure is subjected to transient high-energy load actions such as explosion impact, falling collision and the like, the structure must have excellent energy absorption and impact resistance so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the system. In recent years, a sandwich structure has light weight, high specific strength and excellent energy dissipation property, and is an important direction for researching a protective structure. The sandwich structure has various core layer topological forms, including honeycomb, foam, lattice, paper folding and other types. Although these structures perform well under static load or low-speed impact conditions, there are still problems of high initial peak force, unstable collapse mode, complex manufacturing process, etc. under high-speed or strong-impact environments, which limits their further engineering applications. Compared with various complex sandwich structures, the thin-wall round tube has the advantages of simple geometric shape, mature preparation process and higher energy absorption efficiency, is one of the most typical energy absorption elements, and is widely applied to the fields of automobile anti-collision beams, buffer devices, railway vehicle protection components and the like. However, the traditional round tube has obvious defects under axial compression that (1) the initial peak crushing force is higher, an excessive load peak value is easy to generate at the initial stage of impact, so that impact energy is transmitted to a protected part, (2) the energy absorption mode is single, plastic folds are formed unevenly, so that the energy dissipation efficiency is lower, and (3) the deformation mode is limited by axial symmetry, the collapse process is difficult to accurately control, and the stability and repeatability of the energy absorption process are affected. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the combination of low initial peak crushing force and high energy absorption capacity of the conventional round tube at the same time, and it is highly required to achieve performance breakthrough through structural innovation. In recent years, the bionic design concept provides a new idea for impact resistance optimization of a thin-wall structure. Animals and plants in the nature form various structural forms with excellent shock resistance, protection or energy consumption characteristics in the long-term evolution process. Such as a gradient layered structure of bamboo culms, a multi-cavity composite structure of beetle coleoptera, a spiral laminate shell of screw shells, etc. The natural structures can effectively disperse and absorb external impact energy while keeping light weight, and provide important elicitations for the light weight and protection design of engineering structures. At present, a plurality of related patents at home and abroad try to apply the bionic concept to the design of the energy absorption structure. For example, patent CN116279251A discloses a bamboo joint bionic barrel structure energy-absorbing box, energy absorption performance is improved by means of a partition plate, patent CN119057077A discloses a bamboo tube structure simulation beetle coleoptera bionic energy-absorbing super structure and a preparation method, and energy absorption efficiency is improved by means of a spiral array of cell structures. The research and patent achievements show that the bionic structure design has remarkable advantages in the aspects of improving the shock resistance and the light weight potential of the thin-wall energy absorber, but the process is complex, and the traditional process is not easy to realize. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems of higher initial peak crushing force, lower energy absorption efficiency and difficult regulation and control of a deformation mode of the traditional circular tube structure through a small amount of structural change without changing the quality of the circular tube at all on the premise of keeping the low cost advantage of the circular tube thin-wall energy absorber. Under the conditions of controllable cost and simple process, the improved impact-resistant energy-absorbing structure of the conch-like shell round tube is provided. The structural monomer can be used in the field of impact resistance protection of vehicle energy-absorbing boxes and the like, and can be used as a sandwich structure core layer after being subjected to two-dimensional or three-dimensional array of a plurality of monomers, and is applied to the blunt