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CN-121993584-A - Worm gear reducer easy to lubricate inside and assembling method thereof

CN121993584ACN 121993584 ACN121993584 ACN 121993584ACN-121993584-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a worm gear reducer easy to lubricate internally and an assembly method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of speed reducing equipment. The speed reducer comprises a shell, a worm wheel and an integrated lubrication module fixed on the end face of the worm wheel. The module comprises a spiral diversion oil collecting sheet, a multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet and a dynamic spraying orientation sheet which are stacked in sequence. The spiral diversion oil collecting sheet pumps the lubricating oil into the spiral groove at the starting moment, the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet is internally provided with a centrifugal blade and a throttling structure, the centrifugal force is utilized to pressurize and purify the oil, the dynamic injection orientation sheet synchronously rotates along with the worm wheel, and the high-pressure oil is precisely injected into the meshing area of the tooth surface of the worm wheel. The invention realizes zero-waiting oil supply starting, low-speed active pressurization and dynamic accurate lubrication, remarkably improves the lubrication efficiency, the bearing capacity and the service life, has an online self-purification function, and has compact structure and high reliability.

Inventors

  • XIAO WEIQING
  • YANG FENG
  • Zeng Kaiqian

Assignees

  • 杭州纳源传动机械有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260405

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides an easy lubricated worm gear speed reducer in inside which characterized in that includes: a housing (1) having an oil pool (4) formed at the bottom thereof; A worm (2) rotatably provided in the housing (1); A worm wheel (3) rotatably provided in the housing (1) and engaged with the worm (2); the integrated lubrication module is fixedly arranged on the end face of the worm wheel (3) and is used for synchronously rotating along with the worm wheel (3), so that after the lubrication oil in the oil sump (4) is pumped in and pressurized, the lubrication oil is dynamically sprayed to the meshing area of the worm wheel (3) and the worm (2).
  2. 2. The worm and gear speed reducer easy to lubricate according to claim 1, characterized in that the integrated lubrication module comprises a spiral diversion oil collecting sheet (6), a multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet (7) and a dynamic injection orientation sheet (8) which are stacked in sequence along the axial direction, the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet (6) is used for pumping lubricating oil, the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet (7) is used for pressurizing and purifying the received lubricating oil, and the dynamic injection orientation sheet (8) is used for injecting the pressurized lubricating oil to the meshing area.
  3. 3. The worm gear reducer easy to lubricate according to claim 2, characterized in that a spiral diversion groove is arranged on the side surface of the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet (6) facing the oil pool (4), an oil through hole (14) penetrating through the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet (6) is arranged at the tail end of the spiral diversion groove, and a filter element (15) is arranged in the oil through hole (14).
  4. 4. A worm gear reducer easy to lubricate according to claim 3, characterized in that, the spiral guiding groove comprises an inner ring spiral groove (11) and an outer ring spiral groove (12), the tail end of the outer ring spiral groove (12) is provided with a wedge groove (13) with gradually reduced cross-sectional area, and the wedge groove (13) is communicated with the oil through hole (14).
  5. 5. The worm and gear speed reducer easy to lubricate internally according to claim 2, characterized in that the inside of the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet (7) is divided into at least two independent annular chambers by a radial partition plate (16), and the annular chambers comprise an oil collecting chamber (17), a transition chamber (20) and a high-pressure injection chamber (24) which are sequentially arranged along the radial direction; the oil collecting cavity (17) is communicated with the oil through hole (14) of the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet (6), and a magnetic ring (18) is arranged in the oil collecting cavity; the transition cavity (20) is communicated with the oil collecting cavity (17) through a one-way valve (21), and centrifugal blades (22) are arranged in the transition cavity; the high-pressure injection cavity (24) is communicated with the transition cavity (20) through a throttling structure (23), and a high-pressure oil outlet (25) communicated with the dynamic injection orientation piece (8) is arranged on the high-pressure injection cavity (24).
  6. 6. The worm gear reducer easy to lubricate internally according to claim 2, characterized in that the dynamic jet orientation piece (8) is provided with a jet unit (26), and the jet focus of the jet unit (26) is aligned with the meshing area of the tooth surface of the worm wheel (3).
  7. 7. The worm gear reducer easy to lubricate according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet (6), the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet (7) and the dynamic injection orientation sheet (8) are positioned circumferentially by a positioning pin (9) and fixed to the end face of the worm wheel (3) by a bolt (5).
  8. 8. The worm and gear speed reducer easy to lubricate according to claim 7, characterized in that end face sealing rings (10) are arranged between the joint faces of the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet (6), the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet (7) and the dynamic injection orientation sheet (8) and between the integrated lubrication module and the end face of the worm wheel (3).
  9. 9. The worm gear reducer easy to lubricate inside according to claim 5, characterized in that the surface of the magnetic ring (18) is machined with radial ribs (19).
  10. 10. A method of assembling a speed reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: step one, preparing each component; Sequentially stacking the spiral diversion oil collection sheet (6), the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet (7) and the dynamic spraying orientation sheet (8), and positioning through a positioning pin (9) to ensure the butt joint of internal oil paths; thirdly, integrally fixing the stacked integrated lubrication modules on the end face of the worm wheel (3) by bolts (5); Step four, a worm wheel (3) assembled with an integrated lubrication module is arranged in a shell (1) and meshed with a worm (2), and lubricating oil is injected into an oil tank (4); and fifthly, driving the worm (2) to rotate the worm wheel (3), and verifying the injection direction and the oil supply continuity of the injection unit (26).

Description

Worm gear reducer easy to lubricate inside and assembling method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of speed reduction equipment, and particularly relates to a worm gear speed reducer easy to lubricate internally and an assembly method thereof. Background The worm gear reducer has compact structure, large transmission ratio, stable operation and self-locking property, and is widely applied to the key fields of automatic production lines, heavy machinery, elevator traction machines, wind power generation pitch control systems and the like. However, the worm gear meshing pair is sliding friction, the relative sliding speed is high, the contact stress is high, and the bearing capacity, the transmission efficiency, the temperature rise and the service life of the speed reducer are directly determined by the advantages and disadvantages of the lubrication condition. At present, a main stream worm gear speed reducer generally adopts a splash lubrication mode, namely oil is stirred and splashed to each lubrication point when rotating by means of worm threads or worm gear teeth immersed in an oil pool. Although the mode has a simple structure, the following inherent technical defects which are not solved effectively for a long time exist: 1. In the stop state, the lubricating oil completely flows back to the oil pool under the action of gravity, and the meshing tooth surfaces are in a dry friction state. In the initial stage of starting, until the rotation speed reaches a critical value (usually several seconds to tens of seconds) which is enough to generate effective splashing, the tooth surface is always in a boundary lubrication and even dry friction working condition, and the problem is especially fatal to equipment which is frequently started and stopped. 2. The splash oil supply amount is strongly positively correlated with the worm rotation speed. When the speed reducer runs under the working conditions of low rotation speed and heavy load, the worm linear speed is insufficient to effectively lift oil, so that an oil film in a meshing area cannot be established, and the accidents of gluing and scratching tooth surfaces and even burning worm wheels are directly caused. In the prior art, although a forced external oil pump scheme is adopted, the complexity and the cost of the system are increased, and the risk of complete machine failure caused by oil pump failure exists. 3. The splash lubrication oil flow direction has randomness, and the meshing area of the worm gear tooth root and the local high point of the tooth surface are difficult to obtain stable and continuous oil supply. In summary, developing a novel worm gear lubrication system capable of realizing start-up zero-waiting oil supply, low-speed active pressurization, high-speed controllable injection and online self-purification is a technical problem that a person skilled in the art has long desired to solve but has not been successful. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a worm gear reducer easy to lubricate internally and an assembly method thereof.A spiral diversion oil collecting sheet pumps lubricating oil by utilizing a spiral groove at the starting moment; the multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing plate is internally provided with centrifugal blades and a throttling structure, oil is pressurized and purified by utilizing centrifugal force, the dynamic injection orientation plate synchronously rotates along with the worm wheel, and high-pressure oil is precisely injected to a meshing area of the tooth surface of the worm wheel, so that the problems in the background art are solved. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the worm gear reducer easy to lubricate internally comprises: A housing, the bottom of which forms an oil pool; The worm is rotatably arranged in the shell; a worm wheel rotatably disposed in the housing and engaged with the worm; The integrated lubrication module is fixedly arranged on the end face of the worm wheel and used for synchronously rotating along with the worm wheel so as to dynamically spray the lubricating oil in the oil pool to the meshing area of the worm wheel and the worm after the lubricating oil is pumped and pressurized. As a still further option, the integrated lubrication module includes a spiral flow-guiding oil-collecting sheet for pumping the lubricating oil, a multi-chamber centrifugal pressurizing sheet for pressurizing and purifying the received lubricating oil, and a dynamic-injection orientation sheet for injecting the pressurized lubricating oil to the engagement area, which are sequentially stacked in the axial direction. As a further option, a spiral diversion trench is arranged on the side surface of the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet facing the oil pool, an oil through hole penetrating through the spiral diversion oil collecting sheet is arranged at the tail end of the spiral diversion tr