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CN-121993729-A - Multistage solid-state hydrogen storage system and method based on photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization

CN121993729ACN 121993729 ACN121993729 ACN 121993729ACN-121993729-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, in particular to a multistage solid hydrogen storage system and a multistage solid hydrogen storage method based on photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization, comprising a photo-thermal conversion cavity, a solar energy storage device and a solar energy storage device, wherein at least one part of the photo-thermal conversion cavity is a light-transmitting window, and a solar energy absorption coating is arranged on the inner surface of the photo-thermal conversion cavity and is used for receiving and converting solar radiation energy into heat energy; the first-stage hydrogen storage container is arranged in the photothermal conversion cavity to directly or indirectly receive heat. The system directly uses free solar energy as a primary heat source in the hydrogen release process, and uses a night low-temperature environment as a natural cold source in the hydrogen absorption process, so that the traditional electric heating and mechanical refrigeration modes are fundamentally abandoned, the operation energy consumption is greatly reduced or even eliminated, meanwhile, the hydrogen release and heat absorption process of the system is coupled with solar energy heating in the daytime, the hydrogen absorption and heat release process is coupled with night environment cooling, and the intelligent switching between natural heating and natural refrigeration is realized.

Inventors

  • ZHANG JIAHAI
  • WANG GUITONG
  • LI WENRUI
  • WANG YUMIAO
  • WANG YING

Assignees

  • 煊能盛氢(上海)技术有限公司
  • 宣城先进光伏技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260211

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A multistage solid-state hydrogen storage system for photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization is characterized by comprising: At least one part of the photothermal conversion cavity is a light-transmitting window (2), and a solar energy absorption coating (3) is arranged on the inner surface of the photothermal conversion cavity and used for receiving and converting solar radiation energy into heat energy; the first-stage hydrogen storage container is arranged in the photothermal conversion cavity to directly or indirectly receive heat; The second-stage hydrogen storage container is arranged outside the photothermal conversion cavity and is connected with the first-stage hydrogen storage container in series through a pipeline, so that hydrogen (8) released by the first-stage hydrogen storage container can enter and heat the second-stage hydrogen storage container; The temperature difference utilization and heat dissipation subsystem is used for dissipating heat in a hydrogen absorption process of the second-stage hydrogen storage container by utilizing an environmental cold source; and the intelligent control system is used for controlling the on-off of the pipeline according to the ambient temperature and the system pressure so as to switch between a hydrogen charging mode and a hydrogen discharging mode.
  2. 2. The multi-stage solid state hydrogen storage system for photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization according to claim 1, further comprising a heat preservation and insulation layer (1) arranged on the outer surface of the photo-thermal conversion cavity.
  3. 3. The multi-stage solid state hydrogen storage system of claim 1, wherein the photothermal conversion cavity is cylindrical, the first stage hydrogen storage vessel is located on a central axis thereof, and the second stage hydrogen storage vessel is arranged around the outside of the photothermal conversion cavity.
  4. 4. The multi-stage solid state hydrogen storage system for photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization according to claim 1, wherein the first stage hydrogen storage container is filled with high temperature hydrogen storage material, and the second stage hydrogen storage container is filled with low temperature hydrogen storage material.
  5. 5. The multi-stage solid hydrogen storage system for photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization according to claim 4, wherein the high-temperature hydrogen storage material is magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy with hydrogen release temperature higher than 250 ℃, and the low-temperature hydrogen storage material is rare earth or ferrotitanium hydrogen storage alloy with hydrogen release temperature lower than 100 ℃.
  6. 6. The multi-stage solid state hydrogen storage system of claim 1, wherein the temperature differential utilization and heat dissipation subsystem comprises heat dissipation fins (6) disposed outside the second stage hydrogen storage vessel.
  7. 7. The multi-stage solid-state hydrogen storage system for photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent control system is used for opening a hydrogen flow path from a first stage to a second stage under the daytime illumination condition, and the intelligent control system is used for preferentially introducing hydrogen (8) into the second stage in the nighttime or low-temperature environment and opening the flow path to the first stage after the hydrogen is saturated.
  8. 8. A method of hydrogen storage based on the system of any one of claims 1-7, the method comprising the steps of: In the daytime, sunlight (7) irradiates on the absorption coating (3) through the light-transmitting window (2) to generate heat energy, and the first-stage hydrogen storage container is heated to release hydrogen; And the hydrogen absorption step is that when the temperature of the second stage is lower than the ambient temperature, the external hydrogen (8) is firstly introduced into the second stage hydrogen storage container, the heat of the hydrogen absorption reaction is taken away by the heat dissipation subsystem through the temperature difference, and when the second stage is close to saturation, the hydrogen (8) is introduced into the first stage hydrogen storage container to absorb hydrogen.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the reaction heat generated when the second-stage hydrogen storage vessel absorbs hydrogen is dissipated by natural convection or forced air cooling through the heat dissipating fins (6).
  10. 10. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the sensible heat of the high temperature hydrogen (8) evolved from the first stage hydrogen storage vessel is used to heat the second stage hydrogen storage vessel during the hydrogen evolution.

Description

Multistage solid-state hydrogen storage system and method based on photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, in particular to a multistage solid-state hydrogen storage system and method based on photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization. Background Hydrogen is an important carrier for future clean energy, and efficient and safe storage of hydrogen is a key to promoting hydrogen energy application. The solid-state hydrogen storage technology is paid attention to because of the advantages of high volume hydrogen storage density, good safety and the like. However, the technology is faced with a core bottleneck in large-scale commercial application, namely, the energy consumption is too high. Currently, the hydrogen absorption and desorption processes of solid hydrogen storage materials are highly dependent on external energy input. Wherein the hydrogen release reaction is an endothermic process, and continuous heat supply is required to maintain the reaction. In the prior art, this heat is typically provided by an electric heater or an external heat medium circulation system. The heating mode depending on high-quality external power supply or a complex heating medium system causes high operation energy consumption of the whole hydrogen storage system, thereby not only remarkably increasing operation cost, but also severely limiting the application of the hydrogen storage system in remote areas or mobile scenes without stable power grid support. Therefore, how to radically innovate the energy supply mode, and greatly reduce or even eliminate the external energy consumption in the solid-state hydrogen storage process has become a core technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the present invention is directed to a multi-stage solid-state hydrogen storage system and method based on photo-thermal control and temperature difference utilization, so as to solve the above technical problems. Based on the above object, the present invention provides a multistage solid-state hydrogen storage system for photo-thermal regulation and temperature difference utilization, comprising: at least one part of the photothermal conversion cavity is a light-transmitting window, and a solar energy absorbing coating is arranged on the inner surface of the photothermal conversion cavity and used for receiving and converting solar radiation energy into heat energy; the first-stage hydrogen storage container is arranged in the photothermal conversion cavity to directly or indirectly receive heat; The second-stage hydrogen storage container is arranged outside the photothermal conversion cavity and connected with the first-stage hydrogen storage container in series through a pipeline, so that hydrogen released by the first-stage hydrogen storage container can enter and heat the second-stage hydrogen storage container; The temperature difference utilization and heat dissipation subsystem is used for dissipating heat in a hydrogen absorption process of the second-stage hydrogen storage container by utilizing an environmental cold source; and the intelligent control system is used for controlling the on-off of the pipeline according to the ambient temperature and the system pressure so as to switch between a hydrogen charging mode and a hydrogen discharging mode. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the system further comprises a heat preservation and insulation layer arranged on the outer surface of the photo-thermal conversion cavity. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the photo-thermal conversion cavity is cylindrical, the first-stage hydrogen storage container is positioned on the central axis of the photo-thermal conversion cavity, and the second-stage hydrogen storage container is arranged around the outside of the photo-thermal conversion cavity. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the first-stage hydrogen storage container is filled with high-temperature hydrogen storage materials, and the second-stage hydrogen storage container is filled with low-temperature hydrogen storage materials. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the high-temperature hydrogen storage material is magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy with the hydrogen release temperature higher than 250 ℃, and the low-temperature hydrogen storage material is rare earth or ferrotitanium hydrogen storage alloy with the hydrogen release temperature lower than 100 ℃. As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the temperature difference utilization and heat dissipation subsystem comprises heat dissipation fins arranged outside the second-stage hydrogen storage container. According to the preferred technical scheme, the intelligent control system starts a hydrogen flow path from the first stage to the second stage under the daytime illumination condition,