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CN-121993814-A - Combustion chamber hydrogen supply device and hydrogen combustion chamber with same

CN121993814ACN 121993814 ACN121993814 ACN 121993814ACN-121993814-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engine combustion chambers, and discloses a combustion chamber hydrogen supply device and a hydrogen combustion chamber with the same. The hydrogen supply device for the combustion chamber comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are sleeved outside the inner cylinder, wherein a fuel channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the fuel channel comprises a rotational flow distribution section, an air inlet pipeline is communicated with a circular flow cavity, the outlet end of the air inlet pipeline is tangential to the circular flow cavity, an axial injection section is arranged at the downstream of the rotational flow distribution section, an axial flow cavity is arranged in the axial injection section, a pressure dividing plate is arranged between the axial flow cavity and the circular flow cavity, a plurality of guide holes are formed in the pressure dividing plate, and a plurality of fuel spray holes are formed in the inner cylinder along the circumferential direction. The combined action of the serial flow channels combined with the axial cavity through the cyclone gas distribution and the diversion of the pressure dividing plate ensures that the hydrogen gas obtains good circumferential and radial distribution uniformity before being sprayed into the combustion chamber. Helps to form a uniform fuel concentration field within the combustion chamber, thereby mitigating high temperature hot spots due to localized over-rich fuel.

Inventors

  • FENG YANG
  • JIANG LIJUN
  • Xiao Zhoushi Ji
  • WU JUN
  • YANG GUANGYUAN

Assignees

  • 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260209

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a combustor hydrogen gas supply device, its characterized in that includes inner tube (1) and urceolus (2) that interior overcoat was established, inner tube (1) with form fuel channel (3) between urceolus (2), fuel channel (3) include: The cyclone gas distribution section (301) is internally provided with a circulation cavity (3011), the circulation cavity (3011) is arranged continuously around the circumference of the cyclone gas distribution section (301), the circulation cavity (3011) is communicated with a gas inlet pipeline (3012), and the outlet end of the gas inlet pipeline (3012) is tangential to the circulation cavity (3011); The axial injection section (302) is arranged at the downstream of the cyclone gas distribution section (301), an axial flow cavity (3021) is arranged in the axial injection section (302), a pressure dividing plate (303) is arranged between the axial flow cavity (3021) and the circulating flow cavity (3011), a plurality of flow guide holes (304) are formed in the pressure dividing plate (303), the flow guide holes (304) are used for communicating the circulating flow cavity (3011) with the axial flow cavity (3021), and one end, far away from the circulating flow cavity (3011), of the axial flow cavity (3021) is arranged in a closed mode; A plurality of fuel spray holes (3022) are formed in the inner cylinder (1) along the circumferential direction, the fuel spray holes (3022) are communicated with the axial flow cavity (3021) and the inner cavity of the inner cylinder (1), and the fuel spray holes (3022) are far away from the pressure dividing plate (303).
  2. 2. The combustor hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of groups of fuel spray holes (3022) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the inner barrel (1), a flow regulator (4) is slidably mounted at one end of the axial flow cavity (3021) away from the circulation cavity (3011), and the flow regulator (4) is adapted to slide along the axial direction of the inner barrel (1) so as to completely close at least one group of the fuel spray holes (3022) or completely open all the fuel spray holes (3022).
  3. 3. The combustor hydrogen supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that the fuel injection hole (3022) close to the flow rate adjustment member (4) has a larger aperture than the fuel injection hole (3022) far from the flow rate adjustment member (4).
  4. 4. A combustor hydrogen supply device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the flow regulator (4) comprises an abutment inner edge (401), an abutment outer edge (402) and a movable plate (403), the abutment inner edge (401) and the abutment inner edge (401) are both fixedly connected with the movable plate (403), the abutment inner edge (401) is in sliding abutment with the outer side wall of the inner cylinder (1), and the abutment outer edge (402) is in sliding abutment with the inner side wall of the outer cylinder (2).
  5. 5. The combustor hydrogen supply device according to claim 4, wherein a first sliding guide (404) is provided on the flow regulator (4), a second sliding guide (3023) is provided on an end of the axial injection section (302), the first sliding guide (404) is slidably engaged with the second sliding guide (3023), one of the first sliding guide (404) or the second sliding guide (3023) is a chute, and the other of the first sliding guide (404) or the second sliding guide (3023) is a protrusion.
  6. 6. A combustor hydrogen supply according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a stationary baffle (5), said stationary baffle (5) closing an end of said axial flow chamber (3021) remote from said circulation chamber (3011), a biasing member being mounted between said flow regulator (4) and said stationary baffle (5), said biasing member being adapted to exert a biasing force on said flow regulator (4) moving away from said stationary baffle (5).
  7. 7. A combustor hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow guiding holes (304) are tapered holes, and the flow guiding holes (304) are radially provided with a plurality of rows along the pressure dividing plate (303), and the taper directions of two adjacent rows of flow guiding holes (304) are opposite.
  8. 8. A combustor hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the inlet pipes (3012) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the swirl distribution section (301), and the plurality of inlet pipes (3012) are uniformly distributed in the swirl distribution section (301).
  9. 9. A combustor hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the swirl distribution section (301) further comprises an air inlet seat (3013), the air inlet pipe (3012) is fixedly mounted on the air inlet seat (3013), and the air inlet seat (3013) is communicated with the circulation chamber (3011) for guiding the hydrogen led in by the air inlet pipe (3012) into the circulation chamber (3011).
  10. 10. A hydrogen combustor comprising the combustor hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Description

Combustion chamber hydrogen supply device and hydrogen combustion chamber with same Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of engine combustion chambers, in particular to a combustion chamber hydrogen supply device and a hydrogen combustion chamber with the same. Background The gas turbine engine is used as core equipment in the field of aviation power and ground power generation, and the performance of a combustion chamber directly determines the efficiency, the emission level and the service life of the whole machine. Among them, the baffling combustion chamber is widely used because of compact structure and good atomization effect. When the baffling combustion chamber works, fuel oil is injected into the rotor oil thrower through the stator injection oil duct, and is atomized and sprayed out from the radial oil spray hole of the oil thrower under the action of high-speed rotating centrifugal force. When the hydrogen fuel is burnt, the flame propagation speed is improved by a plurality of times compared with the traditional liquid fuel, the heat release is more concentrated, and the peak temperature can reach more than 2000K. The high-temperature and high-speed combustion characteristic ensures that local high-temperature points are extremely easy to form in the hydrogen combustion chamber, so that the quality of the temperature field at the outlet of the combustion chamber is deteriorated, the unevenness of circumferential and radial temperature distribution exceeds the standard, the thermal fatigue damage of the flame tube and the turbine blade is directly aggravated, and the service life of the key hot end part is shortened. And the production of thermal nitrogen oxides (NO x) increases exponentially with temperature, resulting in a significant increase in the difficulty of emission control of the hydrogen combustion chamber. In the prior art, a fuel supply runner commonly adopts a runner structure of an air inlet section, a straight section and a circumferential uniform distribution section, and can realize a good circumferential uniform distribution effect on liquid fuel by means of liquid drop inertia. However, when the device is applied to gaseous fuels such as hydrogen, serious flow separation and pressure distortion can be generated in the same flow passage due to low gas density, strong viscosity and easy compression, so that the circumferential flow distribution is extremely uneven. The concentration gradient and the combustion intensity difference of the hydrogen are formed in the combustion chamber, the local high-temperature hot spot is difficult to avoid, and finally the NO x emission exceeding, the flame tube ablation and the turbine service life reduction are caused. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a hydrogen supply device for a combustion chamber and a hydrogen combustion chamber with the same, so as to solve the problem of local high-temperature hot spots in the hydrogen combustion chamber in the prior art. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen supply device for a combustion chamber, including an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, which are sleeved inside and outside, a fuel channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the fuel channel includes: the cyclone gas distribution section is internally provided with a circulating cavity, the circulating cavity is arranged continuously around the circumference of the cyclone gas distribution section, the circulating cavity is communicated with an air inlet pipeline, and the outlet end of the air inlet pipeline is tangential to the circulating cavity; the axial injection section is arranged at the downstream of the rotational flow air distribution section, an axial flow cavity is arranged in the axial injection section, a split pressing plate is arranged between the axial flow cavity and the circulating flow cavity, a plurality of diversion holes are formed in the split pressing plate, the circulating flow cavity is communicated with the axial flow cavity through the diversion holes, and one end, far away from the circulating flow cavity, of the axial flow cavity is closed; the inner barrel is provided with a plurality of fuel spray holes along the circumferential direction, the fuel spray holes are communicated with the axial flow cavity and the inner cavity of the inner barrel, and the fuel spray holes are far away from the pressure dividing plate. When the combustion chamber hydrogen supply device works, hydrogen tangentially enters a circulation cavity of the rotational flow distribution section through the air inlet pipeline, and a rotational flow along the circumferential direction is formed in the circulation cavity. Under the action of static pressure, the rotational flow enters an axial flow cavity of the downstream axial injection section through a plurality of diversion holes uniformly distributed on the pressure dividing p