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CN-121993815-A - Gas turbine and combustion chamber structure and micro-mixing nozzle thereof

CN121993815ACN 121993815 ACN121993815 ACN 121993815ACN-121993815-A

Abstract

The application discloses a gas turbine, a combustion chamber structure thereof and a micro-mixing nozzle, and relates to the technical field of gas turbines. The micro-mixing nozzle comprises a premixing tube, a first closed blunt body, a fuel tube, a second closed blunt body and a first fuel tube, wherein a nozzle is arranged at the first end of the premixing tube, the first closed blunt body is arranged at the second end of the premixing tube, the first closed blunt body is provided with a plurality of air through holes, each air through hole is communicated with the inside of the premixing tube, the fuel tube is arranged on the first closed blunt body, the first end of the fuel tube extends to the inside of the premixing tube, and the second closed blunt body is arranged at the first end of the fuel tube. According to the application, through the arrangement of the first closed blunt body and the second closed blunt body, the inherent flow paths of the air and the fuel in the micro-mixing nozzle are changed, so that the fuel and the air can form opposite flushing in the premixing tube, and further a first swirl zone and a second swirl zone are formed, thereby being beneficial to realizing rapid mixing of the fuel and the air in the micro-mixing nozzle.

Inventors

  • WANG MIN
  • LI BINGTAO
  • YANG ZITAO
  • WANG YUANSHUAI
  • XU WEI
  • XIE FA
  • XU HUAZHAO
  • PAN YITONG
  • YANG WENTAO
  • ZHANG QIANKUN
  • GAO ANWEN

Assignees

  • 中国航发燃气轮机有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241108

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A micro-mixing nozzle (1), characterized by comprising: the device comprises a premixing tube (11), wherein a nozzle (17) is arranged at the first end of the premixing tube (11); the first closed blunt body (13) is arranged at the second end of the premixing tube (11), the first closed blunt body (13) is provided with a plurality of air through holes (14), and each air through hole (14) is communicated with the inside of the premixing tube (11); A fuel pipe (12) provided to the first closed blunt body (13), and a first end of the fuel pipe (12) extending into the interior of the premix pipe (11); The fuel pipe comprises a fuel pipe (12), a first closed blunt body (15), a second closed blunt body (15) and a fuel pipe (12), wherein the second closed blunt body (15) is provided with a plurality of fuel through holes (16), each fuel through hole (16) is communicated with the inside of the fuel pipe (12), each fuel through hole (16) is opposite to each air through hole (14) so that fuel injected by the fuel through hole (16) and air injected by the air through holes (14) can be opposite to each other, a rotational flow is formed between the first closed blunt body (13) and the second closed blunt body (15), and the outer diameter of the second closed blunt body (15) is larger than that of the fuel pipe (12).
  2. 2. The micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the outer diameter of the second closed blunt body (15) to the inner diameter of the premix tube (11) is less than or equal to 3:5.
  3. 3. The micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, wherein the axis of the air through hole (14), the axis of the fuel through hole (16) and the axis of the premix tube (11) are all parallel, and the distance between the axis of the fuel through hole (16) and the axis of the premix tube (11) is smaller than the distance between the axis of the air through hole (14) and the axis of the premix tube (11).
  4. 4. The micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, wherein the premix tube (11) coincides with the axis of the fuel tube (12) and each air through hole (14) is evenly distributed around the axis of the premix tube (11) and each fuel through hole (16) is evenly distributed around the axis of the premix tube (11).
  5. 5. The micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner diameter of the premixing tube (11) is 8mm or more and 15mm or less, and the inner diameter of the fuel through hole (16) is 0.5mm or more and 1.0mm or less.
  6. 6. A micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spout (17) has an inner diameter decreasing in a first direction, which is parallel to the axis of the premix tube (11) and directed from the second end of the premix tube (11) towards the first end of the premix tube (11).
  7. 7. The micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner diameter of the air through holes (14) is 0.5mm or more, and the wall thickness between adjacent air through holes (14) is 0.5mm or more.
  8. 8. A micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the length of the premixing section in the premixing tube (11) is 40mm or more and 80mm or less.
  9. 9. A combustion chamber structure, characterized by comprising a micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
  10. 10. A gas turbine comprising a micro-mixing nozzle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or comprising a combustion chamber structure according to claim 9.

Description

Gas turbine and combustion chamber structure and micro-mixing nozzle thereof Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of gas turbines, in particular to a gas turbine, a combustion chamber structure thereof and a micro-mixing nozzle. Background With the improvement of environmental protection consciousness, the traditional hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas and the like can not meet the use requirements of low carbon and even zero carbon emission. Hydrogen is used as a clean energy source with almost zero carbon emission, has extremely wide application prospect, and flexible fuel mainly comprising hydrogen is the development trend of future aeroengines and gas turbines. However, the combustion characteristics of hydrogen and natural gas are greatly different, the hydrogen has extremely high flame propagation speed and adiabatic flame temperature, and if the hydrogen is combusted by adopting a combustion chamber of the traditional natural gas, the technical problems of spontaneous combustion, tempering, thermoacoustic oscillation, excessively high emission of nitrogen oxides and the like are faced. In order to solve the technical problems, the micro-mixed combustion technology is considered as one of the novel combustion technologies with the highest potential of realizing pure hydrogen combustion at present. By reducing the mixing scale of fuel and air, the flame size is effectively reduced, the residence time of a high-temperature area is shortened, low emission is realized, and meanwhile, the high-speed jet in the micro-mixing channel has strong tempering resistance. The current common micro-mixed combustion technology mainly adopts a mixing mode of coaxial jet flow or cross jet flow, for example, patent documents with publication numbers of CN117570473A and CN116025927A disclose micro-mixed nozzles adopting similar technology. However, it is difficult to quickly and uniformly mix the fuel and air in such micro-mixing nozzles, and if the mixing effect of the fuel and air is poor, it is difficult to effectively control the emission of nitrogen oxides during the combustion process. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a gas turbine, a combustion chamber structure and a micro-mixing nozzle thereof, which are used for solving the technical problem that fuel and air in the micro-mixing nozzle are difficult to blend uniformly and rapidly in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: in a first aspect, the present application proposes a technical solution of a micro-mixing nozzle, comprising: the first end of the premixing tube is provided with a nozzle; The first closed blunt body is provided with a plurality of air through holes, and each air through hole is communicated with the inside of the premixing tube; a fuel pipe disposed on the first closed blunt body, and having a first end extending into the premix pipe; the fuel pipe comprises a fuel pipe, a first closed blunt body, a second closed blunt body, a first air pipe, a second closed blunt body and a second air pipe, wherein the first end of the fuel pipe is provided with a plurality of fuel through holes, each fuel through hole is communicated with the inside of the fuel pipe, each fuel through hole is opposite to each air through hole, so that fuel sprayed from the fuel through hole and air sprayed from the air through holes can be opposite to each other, a rotational flow is formed between the first closed blunt body and the second closed blunt body, and the outer diameter of the second closed blunt body is larger than that of the fuel pipe. As a specific scheme in the technical scheme of the application, the ratio of the outer diameter of the second closed blunt body to the inner diameter of the premixing tube is less than or equal to 3:5. As a specific scheme in the technical scheme of the application, the axial lead of the air through hole, the axial lead of the fuel through hole and the axial lead of the premixing tube are all parallel, and the distance between the axial lead of the fuel through hole and the axial lead of the premixing tube is smaller than the distance between the axial lead of the air through hole and the axial lead of the premixing tube. As a specific scheme in the technical scheme of the application, the axis of the premixing tube is coincident with that of the fuel tube, and all the air through holes are uniformly distributed around the axis of the premixing tube, and all the fuel through holes are uniformly distributed around the axis of the premixing tube. As a specific scheme in the technical scheme of the application, the inner diameter of the premixing tube is more than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 15mm, and the inner diameter of the fuel through hole is more than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 1.0mm. As a specific scheme in the technical scheme of the application, the inner di