CN-121994055-A - Ship active heat energy recovery system and method

CN121994055ACN 121994055 ACN121994055 ACN 121994055ACN-121994055-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an active heat energy recovery system and method for a ship. The system takes an active constant-temperature energy storage unit as a core, integrates an intelligent auxiliary heating unit, a heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit and a flue gas waste heat recovery unit, synchronously recovers the heat energy of cylinder liner water and flue gas of a host through a double waste heat direct supply path, realizes efficient heat energy storage and dynamic regulation by means of an adiabatic heat preservation structure and intelligent temperature control circulation, and stably supplies heat by depending on an energy storage cabin energy storage and auxiliary heating linkage mode during host shutdown/low load. The invention solves the problems of incomplete waste heat recovery, low energy storage efficiency, high and unstable heat supply energy consumption under special working conditions in the prior art, obviously improves the energy utilization rate, reduces the operation cost, is suitable for various ship heat-requiring equipment, and has extremely high practicability and economy.

Inventors

ZHAO DONGSHENG
SUN YU
MA CHAO
SONG XIULI
ZHANG JIAMAO
WANG GONGKAI
ZHANG ZHUAN
CHEN YUANGANG
SUN RUI
YANG XIMING
YAN YONG

Assignees

友联船厂（蛇口）有限公司
招商局重工(深圳)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260228

Claims (10)

1. The active heat energy recovery system of the ship is characterized by comprising an active constant-temperature energy storage unit (100), an intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200), a heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300) and a flue gas waste heat recovery unit (400); The outlet of the active constant-temperature energy storage unit (100) is connected with the inlet of the intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200) through a flange; the outlet of the intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200) is connected with the inlet of the heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300) and is used for auxiliary heating of hot water output by the active constant-temperature energy storage unit (100); The system comprises a heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300), a smoke waste heat recovery unit (400) and a driving constant temperature energy storage unit (100), wherein the heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300) is used for carrying out terminal distribution and utilization on hot water to form low-temperature backwater, an outlet of the heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of the smoke waste heat recovery unit (400), and the other path is connected with an inlet of the driving constant temperature energy storage unit (100) after directly recovering heat energy of cylinder liner water of a host machine, so that direct supply and recovery of the cylinder liner water waste heat are realized; The outlet of the smoke waste heat recovery unit (400) is connected with the inlet of the active constant temperature energy storage unit (100) and is used for heating low-temperature backwater by utilizing high-temperature smoke through the closed circulation system and transmitting the low-temperature backwater to the active constant temperature energy storage unit (100), so that double-path synchronous recovery of smoke waste heat and cylinder liner water waste heat is realized.
2. The ship heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the active constant temperature energy storage unit (100) comprises an active constant temperature energy storage cabin (S3), a variable frequency hot water circulating pump (S1) and a first plate heat exchanger (S2) which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and outlet pipelines of the first plate heat exchanger (S2) are respectively connected with the intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200) and the active constant temperature energy storage cabin (S3); The active constant temperature energy storage unit (100) further comprises a first intelligent control box (S4), a plurality of temperature sensor assemblies, a pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor group, wherein the first intelligent control box (S4) is connected with the variable frequency hot water circulating pump (S1), the temperature sensor assemblies, the pressure sensor and the liquid level sensor group in a linkage control mode, the first intelligent control box (S4) dynamically controls the start-stop and operation power of the variable frequency hot water circulating pump (S1) according to real-time water temperature data fed back by the temperature sensor assemblies and cabin pressure data fed back by the pressure sensor assemblies, and dynamic accurate regulation and control of the first plate heat exchanger (S2) on the water temperature in the active constant temperature energy storage cabin (S3) are achieved, the temperature control response time is less than or equal to 1S, and the temperature fluctuation is less than or equal to +/-0.5 ℃.
3. The ship heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein a composite rock wool heat insulation layer (W1) is laid on the surface of the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3), the thickness of the composite rock wool heat insulation layer is 90-110 mm, galvanized iron sheets with the thickness of 0.5mm are coated on the outer side of the composite rock wool heat insulation layer, and the heat energy loss rate is less than or equal to 3% in 24 hours; The active constant temperature energy storage cabin (S3) is made of marine stainless steel, the working pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, a vacuum ventilation valve with accurate pressure control is arranged at the top of the cabin body of the active constant temperature energy storage cabin (S3), the opening pressure is 0.15MPa, the closing pressure is 0.1MPa, and the cooperative stability of the pressure and the temperature in the cabin is realized.
4. The ship heat energy recovery system according to claim 2, wherein the active constant temperature energy storage unit (100) further comprises a flow regulating valve, a vacuum ventilation valve (PV 01), a normally open valve, a drain valve (V107), a make-up valve (V108), an isolation valve (V106), the liquid level sensor group comprises a high liquid level sensor (LS 001), a low liquid level sensor (LS 002); The high-liquid-level sensor (LS 001) and the low-liquid-level sensor (LS 002) are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3), form linkage control with the water supplementing valve (V108) and the discharging valve (V107) to avoid dry rotation of a pump body and overflow of the cabin body, and are arranged at the top of the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3) to maintain pressure balance in the cabin and cooperate with a composite rock wool heat preservation layer to reduce heat energy loss; The water supplementing valve (V108) is positioned at the upper part of the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3) and is used for controlling an external water source to enter the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3) to supplement water; the drain valve (V107) is positioned at the lower part of the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3) and is used for draining water in the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3); the drain valve (V107) and the isolation valve (V106) are respectively used for realizing the drain and isolation functions; the temperature sensor assembly comprises a first temperature sensor (T101), a second temperature sensor (T102) and a third temperature sensor (T103), wherein the first temperature sensor (T101) is fixed on the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3) to monitor the water temperature in the cabin in real time, and the second temperature sensor (T102) and the third temperature sensor (T103) are respectively arranged on an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of the first plate heat exchanger (S2).
5. The ship thermal energy recovery system according to claim 4, wherein the vacuum ventilation valve (PV 01) has an opening pressure of 0.15MPa and a closing pressure of 0.1MPa, and the first temperature sensor (T101), the second temperature sensor (T102) and the third temperature sensor (T103) have a measurement range of 0-100 ℃ and a measurement accuracy of ±0.5 ℃.
6. The ship heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200) comprises an intelligent heating controller (F2), and an auxiliary heater (F1), a fourth temperature sensor (G101) and a fifth temperature sensor (G102) electrically connected with the intelligent heating controller (F2), wherein the fourth temperature sensor (G101) and the fifth temperature sensor (G102) are respectively installed on an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of the intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200) to form closed loop monitoring.
7. The ship heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300) comprises a double-pump redundancy variable-frequency circulating pump set (R1), a multifunctional heat energy distribution terminal (R2), a cylinder liner water direct supply heat exchanger (R3), a second intelligent control box (R4) and a first valve assembly, the double-pump redundancy variable-frequency circulating pump set (R1) is connected with the multifunctional heat energy distribution terminal (R2), the multifunctional heat energy distribution terminal (R2) is connected with the cylinder liner water direct supply heat exchanger (R3), and the second intelligent control box (R4) is connected with the first valve assembly and is used for rapidly switching water flow paths according to water temperature conditions, and switching response time is less than or equal to 2s.
8. The ship heat energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas waste heat recovery unit (400) comprises an exhaust gas economizer (E1), a double-pump redundant variable-frequency high-temperature water circulation pump group (E2), a high-temperature water heat exchanger (E3), a third intelligent control box (E4), a second valve assembly and a waste heat recovery temperature sensor, wherein the exhaust gas economizer (E1) is mounted on a host smoke exhaust pipe; The double-pump redundant variable-frequency high-temperature water circulating pump set (E2) is connected with the waste gas economizer (E1) and the high-temperature water heat exchanger (E3) to form a closed circulating water system, heat energy loss is reduced, efficient recovery and transmission of waste heat of flue gas are achieved, the waste heat recovery temperature sensor is arranged on an inlet and outlet pipeline of the high-temperature water heat exchanger (E3), and the third intelligent control box (E4) is electrically connected with the double-pump redundant variable-frequency high-temperature water circulating pump set (E2) and the waste heat recovery temperature sensor and is used for controlling the running state of the pump set to achieve double-path collaborative recovery of waste heat of cylinder liner water.
9. A ship heat energy recovery method based on the ship heat energy recovery system of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising a heat energy recovery process when a host operates normally and a heat energy supply process when the host stops operating; the heat recovery flow during normal operation of the host is as follows: The method comprises the following steps of T1, starting an active constant-temperature energy storage unit (100), starting a variable-frequency hot water circulating pump (S1) according to the initial temperature in a cabin monitored by a first temperature sensor (T101), and adjusting the water temperature in the cabin through a first plate heat exchanger (S2) to ensure that the temperature in the cabin is stabilized at a first threshold value and matched with a composite rock wool heat preservation layer, so that the heat energy loss in 24 hours is less than or equal to 3%; T2, hot water in the cabin enters an intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200), a fourth temperature sensor (G101) and a fifth temperature sensor (G102) monitor the water temperature, if the water temperature is lower than a first threshold value, the auxiliary heater (F1) starts micro-heating to the first threshold value, otherwise, the hot water directly flows into a heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300); hot water is conveyed to a multifunctional heat energy distribution terminal (R2) through a double-pump redundant variable-frequency circulating pump set (R1), and low-temperature backwater is formed after heat-requiring equipment is supplied with energy; After the low-temperature backwater is heated by the cylinder sleeve water direct supply heat exchanger (R3), the second intelligent control box (R4) switches water flow paths according to the water temperature condition, when the water temperature is lower than a second threshold value (85 ℃), the backwater flows into the high-temperature water heat exchanger (E3) to be heated further by utilizing the flue gas waste heat and then flows back to the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3), and when the water temperature is not lower than the second threshold value, the backwater directly flows back to the active constant-temperature energy storage cabin (S3) to realize the synchronous recovery and circulation of the double waste heat; the flue gas waste heat recovery unit (400) operates synchronously, the waste gas economizer (E1) absorbs the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas of the main engine, and heats circulating water in the closed circulating system, and the circulating water is heated by the low-temperature backwater through the high-temperature water heat exchanger (E3); The heat energy supply flow when the host stops running comprises the following steps: T11, the flue gas waste heat recovery unit (400) and the cylinder sleeve water direct supply heat exchanger (R3) stop working, and the active constant temperature energy storage cabin (S3) maintains the constant temperature of a third threshold value under the pressure balance action of the composite rock wool heat insulation layer and the vacuum ventilation valve, and is used as the only core heat source of the system to realize active energy release T12, a second intelligent control box (R4) of the heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit (300) is switched with a valve, and low-temperature backwater directly flows into the active constant-temperature energy storage unit (100); the active constant temperature energy storage unit (100) starts a reverse heat exchange function, the active constant temperature energy storage cabin (S3) is used as a heat source to release heat energy, and the first plate heat exchanger (S2) is used for heating low-temperature backwater to a fourth threshold value without depending on an external heat source; t14, when the hot water with the fourth threshold value enters the intelligent auxiliary heating unit (200) and the fourth temperature sensor (G101) detects that the water temperature is lower than 83 ℃, the intelligent heating controller (F2) starts the auxiliary heater (F1) to perform micro heating, and the water temperature is increased to 85 ℃; and T15 is at the temperature of 85 ℃ and is used for conveying hot water to a multifunctional heat energy distribution terminal (R2) so as to continuously supply energy for heat-requiring equipment of the ship.
10. The ship heat energy recovery method according to claim 9, wherein the temperature range of the first threshold is 80-85 ℃, the temperature range of the second threshold is 83-88 ℃, the temperature range of the third threshold is 78-88 ℃, and the temperature range of the fourth threshold is 68-72 ℃.

Description

Ship active heat energy recovery system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ship power and energy conservation, in particular to a ship active heat energy recovery system and method. Background In the running process of the ship main engine, high-temperature heat energy of cylinder liner water and heat energy of flue gas with the temperature of about 400 ℃ can be continuously generated, and the two heat energies are important potential energy sources in the running process of the ship. However, in the prior art, most of the waste heat can be recovered only singly, and the heat energy resource generated in the running process of the ship cannot be fully utilized. Even if some technologies attempt to recover two types of waste heat, the recovery lacks an efficient energy storage means, so that a large amount of precious heat energy is lost and cannot be effectively utilized. The equipment such as a water generator, a Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning (HVAC) and the like of the ship has continuous demands on heat energy, and stable heat supply is needed to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. In the prior art, in order to meet the heat supply requirements of the devices, the auxiliary boilers are often dependent on additional consumption of fuel oil or kept in an operating state in the whole process, which clearly greatly increases the operation cost of the ship and does not accord with the development trend of ship energy conservation. When the ship is in a harbor, overhauling state or the host is operated under low load, the waste heat supply is suddenly interrupted. At this time, the prior art can only start the auxiliary boiler and make it run at full load to maintain the heat supply, and this kind of mode not only consumes extremely high energy, causes the serious waste of energy, and heat supply stability is poor moreover, is difficult to guarantee the normal work of each kind of heat-requiring equipment of boats and ships, and then influences the overall operation efficiency of boats and ships. The reference (CN 202210837329.8) relates to waste heat recovery and heat storage cabin design, but the technology adopts a steam heating coil to indirectly heat a heat storage medium, and has obvious defects. On one hand, the heat exchange efficiency is low, the heat energy of the steam cannot be quickly and fully transferred to the heat storage medium, and on the other hand, the temperature regulation and control of the heat storage cabin are delayed, so that the temperature in the heat storage cabin is difficult to adjust in time according to actual requirements. In addition, the technology is not optimally designed for rapid heat compensation and constant temperature output after the host machine is stopped, and the urgent requirements of the ship on efficient energy conservation and stable heat supply under the complex working condition cannot be met. Therefore, there is a need in the current thermal energy recovery and utilization field of ships for a thermal energy recovery system of ships with active constant temperature control, direct energy storage by using dual waste heat, and low heat consumption, so as to solve the core pain points of incomplete waste heat recovery, low energy storage efficiency, high and unstable thermal energy consumption during shutdown or low load of a host machine in the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome at least one defect of the prior art, and provides an active heat recovery system and method for a ship, so as to overcome the defects of incomplete ship waste heat recovery, low energy storage efficiency, high heat supply energy consumption and instability in the prior art when a host machine is stopped or under low load. The ship heat energy recovery system comprises four core components of an active constant-temperature energy storage unit, an intelligent auxiliary heating unit, a heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit and a flue gas waste heat recovery unit, wherein the four core components are connected through scientific pipelines to form a complete closed loop. The outlet of the active constant temperature energy storage unit is connected with the inlet of the intelligent auxiliary heating unit by adopting a flange, the active constant temperature energy storage unit has a bidirectional heat exchange function, can realize the efficient storage and active energy release of waste heat, and solves the defect of the temperature control hysteresis of the heat storage cabin of the prior patent. The outlet of the intelligent auxiliary heating unit is directly connected with the inlet of the heat energy distribution and waste heat recovery unit, so that the hot water output by the active constant-temperature energy storage unit can be subjected to complementary heating as required, and the micro-complementary heating is started only when the temperature of the water output by the en