CN-121994057-A - Solid waste base high-temperature heat storage system and heat loss control method

CN121994057ACN 121994057 ACN121994057 ACN 121994057ACN-121994057-A

Abstract

The invention provides a solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system and a heat loss control method, wherein the solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system comprises a heat insulation filler for wrapping a tube bundle, and the heat insulation filler adopts a gradient heat insulation layer; the gradient heat insulation layer is wrapped on the outer side of the tube bundle, and is sequentially a solid waste-based PCM layer, a solid waste gas gel layer and a modified ceramic layer from inside to outside, and heat convection is restrained by adjusting the pore vacuum degree of the heat insulation filler. The invention has the technical effects that the solid waste base aerogel and the modified ceramic layer are adopted in the material layer, so that the heat conductivity coefficient is reduced, the radiation emissivity is optimized, the heat radiation is effectively blocked, and the convection heat loss is reduced. The layered layout of the gradient pore porous medium and the PCM optimizes the heat flow path at the structural level, smoothing the steam output temperature fluctuation.

Inventors

TAN ZENGQIANG
WANG FENGYANG
LI JIANGAO
LIU SHIDONG
LIU GUANGXU
GAO YANG

Assignees

西安热工研究院有限公司
华能沁北发电有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. The solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system is characterized by comprising a heat insulation filler for wrapping a tube bundle, wherein the heat insulation filler adopts a gradient heat insulation layer; The gradient heat insulation layer is wrapped on the outer side of the tube bundle, and the gradient heat insulation layer sequentially comprises a solid waste-based PCM layer, a solid waste gas gel layer and a modified ceramic layer from inside to outside, wherein the solid waste-based PCM layer is composite molten salt, the solid waste gas gel layer adopts a CaSO lattice framework, naOH, caCO 3 and urea are taken as pore formers to form a nano porous structure, and the porosity of the solid waste gas gel layer is gradually increased from the inner side to the outer side to 80%; Thermal convection is inhibited by adjusting the pore vacuum of the insulating filler.
2. The solid waste based high temperature heat storage system of claim 1, wherein the solid waste based PCM layer uses steel slag as a primary thermally conductive phase change material and slag as a secondary phase change material.
3. The solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system according to claim 1, wherein the modified ceramic layer is of a radial concave-convex surface structure and is modified by adopting an Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 coating.
4. The solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a shell, a high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate, a high-temperature sealing gasket, a fixing clamp, a high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundle, a gas collecting box, a gas outlet, a gas inlet and a pressure stabilizer, wherein the gas outlet and the gas inlet are connected with the gas collecting box; The high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate and the high-temperature sealing gasket are both arranged on the inner side of the shell, the high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate is positioned at the end part of the system, the high-temperature sealing gasket is positioned at the side part of the system, and the high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate and the high-temperature sealing gasket form a three-dimensional sealing structure; The high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles are arranged on the inner side of the three-dimensional sealing structure and are fixed through the fixing clamps, the high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles are connected with the gas collecting box, cold fluid enters the gas collecting box from the gas inlet, the gas collecting box is used for uniformly distributing the cold fluid into the plurality of high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles for heat exchange, and the heat fluid after heat exchange flows out from the high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles and is collected by the gas collecting box and then is output from the gas outlet; the voltage stabilizer is connected with the gas collection box.
5. The solid waste based high temperature heat storage system of claim 4, further comprising an intelligent temperature control module; The intelligent temperature control module comprises a vacuum pump, a valve group, an air inlet valve, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a control module; the system comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a vacuum pump, a valve group, an air inlet valve, a gas flow control valve, a heat insulation filler and a heat insulation filler, wherein the first temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and used for monitoring the temperature of the air inlet and acquiring a first monitoring value; The vacuum pump, the valve group, the air inlet valve, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are all connected with the control module, and the control module is used for dynamically adjusting the pore vacuum degree of the heat insulation filler according to the first monitoring value of the first temperature sensor and the second monitoring value of the second temperature sensor.
6. The solid waste based high temperature heat storage system of claim 5 wherein the void vacuum is less than 10Pa.
7. The solid waste based high temperature heat storage system of claim 6, wherein when the first or second monitored value is 200 ℃ or higher, the heat insulation filler is evacuated by the vacuum pump.
8. The solid waste based high temperature heat storage system of claim 7, wherein inert gas is injected into the thermally insulating filler through the gas inlet valve when the first or second monitored value is less than 100 ℃.
9. The solid waste based high temperature heat storage system of claim 8, wherein the inert gas is Ar or N 2 .
10. A method for controlling heat loss of a solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system, characterized by being applied to the solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: Acquiring a first monitoring value of a first temperature sensor and a second monitoring value of a second temperature sensor; acquiring a control parameter according to the first monitoring value and the second monitoring value; The opening degree of the valve group is adjusted in real time according to the control parameters to control the air quantity entering the high-temperature heat storage system; when the high-temperature heat storage system reaches a preset temperature, closing the valve group to ensure that the high-temperature heat storage system enters air for heat preservation; and after the preset time, introducing air into the high-temperature heat storage system, and cooling the high-temperature heat storage system to realize the periodic adjustment of the working temperature of the high-temperature heat storage system.

Description

Solid waste base high-temperature heat storage system and heat loss control method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature heat storage, and particularly relates to a solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system and a heat loss control method. Background In the prior art, as in the chinese patent application with publication number CN117601229a and the chinese patent application with publication number CN117800673a, methods for preparing heat insulation materials and energy storage concrete by using solid waste have been developed to some extent, that is, by using solid waste materials and adding various additives, the performance and energy saving effect of the materials are improved. However, the application of these techniques in high temperature heat storage systems remains limited, especially in terms of heat loss control and heat energy utilization efficiency. For example, conventional insulation materials and structures often fail to effectively cope with heat radiation and convection losses in high temperature environments, resulting in low thermal efficiency of the heat storage system. In addition, the temperature regulation effect of the phase change material is often limited in practical application, and the temperature fluctuation cannot be smoothly output, so that the stability and the efficiency of the system are affected. In view of the above, there is a need for a solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system and a heat loss control method based on a gradient composite structure, so as to significantly reduce heat loss and further improve heat energy utilization efficiency. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a novel technical scheme of a solid waste base high-temperature heat storage system and a heat loss control method. According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a solid waste-based high temperature heat storage system comprising a heat insulation filler for wrapping a tube bundle, the heat insulation filler employing a gradient heat insulation layer; The gradient heat insulation layer is wrapped on the outer side of the tube bundle, and the gradient heat insulation layer sequentially comprises a solid waste-based PCM layer, a solid waste gas gel layer and a modified ceramic layer from inside to outside, wherein the solid waste-based PCM layer is composite molten salt, the solid waste gas gel layer adopts a CaSO lattice framework, naOH, caCO 3 and urea are taken as pore formers to form a nano porous structure, and the porosity of the solid waste gas gel layer is gradually increased from the inner side to the outer side to 80%; Thermal convection is inhibited by adjusting the pore vacuum of the insulating filler. Optionally, the solid waste-based PCM layer uses steel slag as a primary heat-conducting phase change material and slag as a secondary phase change material. Optionally, the modified ceramic layer has a radial concave-convex surface structure and is modified by adopting an Al 2O3 or SiO 2 coating. Optionally, the solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system further comprises a shell, a high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate, a high-temperature sealing gasket, a fixing clamp, a high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundle, a gas collecting box, an exhaust port, an air inlet and a pressure stabilizer, wherein the exhaust port and the air inlet are connected with the gas collecting box; The high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate and the high-temperature sealing gasket are both arranged on the inner side of the shell, the high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate is positioned at the end part of the system, the high-temperature sealing gasket is positioned at the side part of the system, and the high-temperature sealing heat insulation plate and the high-temperature sealing gasket form a three-dimensional sealing structure; The high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles are arranged on the inner side of the three-dimensional sealing structure and are fixed through the fixing clamps, the high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles are connected with the gas collecting box, cold fluid enters the gas collecting box from the gas inlet, the gas collecting box is used for uniformly distributing the cold fluid into the plurality of high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles for heat exchange, and the heat fluid after heat exchange flows out from the high-temperature pressure-bearing tube bundles and is collected by the gas collecting box and then is output from the gas outlet; the voltage stabilizer is connected with the gas collection box. Optionally, the solid waste-based high-temperature heat storage system further comprises an intelligent temperature control module; The intelligent temperature control module comprises a vacuum pump, a valve group, an air inlet valve, a fir