CN-121994093-A - Reducing charging and filling integrated blasting device and blasting method

CN121994093ACN 121994093 ACN121994093 ACN 121994093ACN-121994093-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-diameter explosive loading and filling integrated blasting device and a blasting method, which can simplify the working procedure of filling a blast hole, optimize the explosive loading structure of the blast hole and improve the utilization rate of blast hole and blasting explosive energy. The variable-diameter charging and filling integrated blasting device comprises a variable-diameter charging pipe and a compaction block. The variable-diameter charging pipe is arranged in the blast hole, a charging channel is formed in the variable-diameter charging pipe, the inner diameter of the charging channel gradually increases from top to bottom, the bottom end of the charging channel is in contact with the upper interface of blasting powder of the coupling charging section at the bottom of the inner hole of the blast hole, a charging part is formed at the top of the variable-diameter charging pipe and is positioned above the charging channel, a compaction inclined plane is formed at one side of the charging part, facing the muzzle of the blast hole, a charging hole is formed in the compaction inclined plane, and the charging hole is communicated with the top end of the charging channel after penetrating through the charging part. The compaction block is arranged on the compaction inclined plane in a sliding way.

Inventors

HOU DEFENG
WANG SHIWEN
LIU ZHENYUAN
MEI BIN
ZUO TING
ZHAI JINBAO

Assignees

新疆天池能源有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260325

Claims (10)

1. A variable diameter charge and packing integrated blasting device, comprising: the variable-diameter charging tube (6) is arranged in the blast hole (16), a charging channel is formed in the variable-diameter charging tube (6), the inner diameter of the charging channel gradually increases from top to bottom, the bottom end of the charging channel is in contact with the upper interface of blasting powder of the inner hole bottom coupling charging section (12) of the blast hole (16), a charging part (3) is formed at the top of the variable-diameter charging tube (6), the charging part (3) is positioned above the charging channel, a pressing inclined surface (17) is formed at one side of the charging part (3) facing the blast hole (16), a charging hole (5) is formed on the pressing inclined surface (17), the charging hole (5) is communicated with the top end of the charging channel after penetrating through the charging part (3), and, The packing block (4) is arranged on the packing inclined plane in a sliding manner, when the packing block (4) slides along the packing inclined plane to the bottom of the blast hole (16) and is pressed on the packing inclined plane (17), the packing part (3) can be pressed on the inner side wall of the blast hole (16), the packing block (4) is pressed on the inner side wall of the blast hole (16) under the reaction force of the packing inclined plane (17), and the part, which is in contact with the packing part (3), of the packing block (4) can be spliced into a blocking cylinder, and the blocking cylinder is used for blocking the blast hole (16).
2. A variable diameter charge and loading integrated blasting device according to claim 1, further comprising an outer sleeve (1); the outer sleeve (1) is sleeved outside the variable-diameter charging tube (6), and the bottom end of the outer sleeve (1) is in sealing connection with the bottom end of the variable-diameter charging tube (6), so that a containing cavity with an open top is formed between the outer side wall of the variable-diameter charging tube (6) and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1).
3. A variable diameter charge and loading integrated blasting device according to claim 2, wherein the top end of the outer sleeve (1) extends to the bottom end of the loading portion (3); The filling part (3) forms a funnel part (2) corresponding to the opening position of the accommodating cavity, the outer diameter of the funnel part (2) gradually becomes smaller from top to bottom, the funnel part (2) is positioned above the filling channel, and the filling hole (5) penetrates through the funnel part (2).
4. The variable-diameter explosive loading and filling integrated blasting device according to claim 2, wherein a sliding inclined surface (18) is formed on one side of the compaction block (4) corresponding to the compaction inclined surface (17), and the compaction block (4) is slidably arranged on the compaction inclined surface (17) through the sliding inclined surface (18).
5. A variable diameter charge and loading integrated blasting device according to claim 4, wherein the sliding ramp (18) is adapted to the compaction ramp (17) such that the sliding ramp (18) is fully attachable to the compaction ramp (17).
6. The variable-diameter explosive loading and filling integrated blasting device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of drag reduction strips (9) are arranged on the sliding inclined surface (18), the drag reduction strips (9) protrude out of the sliding inclined surface (18), and the extending direction of the drag reduction strips (9) is parallel to the sliding direction of the compaction block (4).
7. The variable-diameter explosive and packing integrated blasting device according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the drag reduction strips (9) are arranged at intervals, and a gap between two adjacent drag reduction strips (9) can enable detonator leg wires (11) of the explosive to pass through.
8. The variable-diameter explosive loading and packing integrated blasting device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of elastic strips (8) are arranged on the outer side surface of the compaction block (4), and the elastic strips (8) extend along the circumference of the blast hole (16).
9. A blasting method using the variable diameter charge and loading integrated blasting apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, the blasting method comprising: Loading blasting powder into a hole bottom coupling loading section (12) in a blast hole (16); the variable-diameter explosive loading and filling integrated blasting device is placed in the blast hole (16), so that the bottom end of the explosive loading channel is in contact with the upper interface of the explosive loading section (12) at the bottom of the inner hole of the blast hole (16); Explosive is filled into the explosive charging channel through the explosive charging hole (5); Sliding a compaction block (4) along the compaction inclined plane (17) towards the bottom of the blast hole (16) and compacting the compaction inclined plane (17) so as to enable a filling part (3) to be compacted on the inner side wall of the blast hole (16), and enabling the compaction block (4) to be compacted on the inner side wall of the blast hole (16) under the reaction force of the filling part (3), so that the part, which is in contact with the filling part (3), of the compaction block (4) is spliced into a blocking cylinder, and the blast hole (16) is blocked by the blocking cylinder; Detonating the blasting powder.
10. The blasting method according to claim 9, wherein the variable diameter charge and loading integrated blasting device is the variable diameter charge and loading integrated blasting device according to any one of claims 2 to 8; after the explosive is filled into the explosive charging channel through the explosive charging hole (5), the explosion method further comprises the step of filling Newtonian fluid (14) into the accommodating cavity before the compaction block (4) slides along the compaction inclined plane (17) to the bottom of the blast hole (16) and is compacted on the compaction inclined plane (17).

Description

Reducing charging and filling integrated blasting device and blasting method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a variable-diameter charging and filling integrated blasting device and a blasting method. Background Along with the continuous increase of the construction demands of rock mass engineering in China, engineering blasting technology is rapidly developed in projects such as water conservancy, traffic, surface mines and the like. Aiming at the deep hole loosening blasting construction of the strip mine, the traditional method generally comprises the steps of directly filling industrial explosive and initiating explosive into a blast hole according to the requirements after drilling is constructed according to the design requirements, then filling with rock scraps or broken stone, and finally networking and initiating the blast hole according to the design requirements. By analyzing the traditional blasting construction mode, the method mainly has the following defects: 1. The procedures of filling and filling in the holes are mutually independent, and materials such as broken stone and rock scraps are required to be plugged into the blast holes through manual work or a filling vehicle after the filling is finished, so that the whole blasting construction efficiency is low, and the labor intensity is high; 2. the explosive loading height in the hole is usually lower, the filling section is longer, the explosive energy is excessively concentrated at the lower part of the blast hole, so that the explosive energy in the hole is unevenly distributed, the rock mass at the upper part of the blast hole is easily caused to be more, and the overall blasting quality is influenced; 3. Under the traditional blast hole charging structure, the rock debris or broken stone filling length can reach 21% -27% of the total length of the blast hole, so that the actual charging utilization rate of the blast hole is generally lower than 80%, and the blast hole utilization rate is lower; 4. In the deep hole loosening blasting process, in order to effectively overcome the large rock mass clamping effect at the bottom of the blast hole, large explosive amount or explosion energy is needed, the free compensation space of the rock mass is gradually increased along the blast hole, the rock mass clamping effect at the upper part of the blast hole is gradually reduced, the corresponding explosive amount or explosion energy of the required broken rock mass is gradually reduced, but in the traditional blasting construction, a full-aperture coupling charging structure is usually adopted for a through hole, the method easily causes excessive crushing of the surrounding rock mass, explosive energy waste is caused, the explosive energy utilization rate in the hole is lower, and the overall blasting construction cost is increased. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provides a variable-diameter charging and filling integrated blasting device and a blasting method, which can simplify the working procedure of filling a blast hole, optimize the charging structure of the blast hole and improve the utilization rate of blast hole and blasting charge energy. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable diameter charge and loading integrated blasting apparatus, including a variable diameter charge tube and a compaction block. The variable-diameter charging pipe is arranged in the blast hole, a charging channel is formed in the variable-diameter charging pipe, the inner diameter of the charging channel gradually increases from top to bottom, the bottom end of the charging channel is in contact with the upper interface of blasting powder of the coupling charging section at the bottom of the inner hole of the blast hole, a charging part is formed at the top of the variable-diameter charging pipe and is positioned above the charging channel, a compaction inclined plane is formed at one side of the charging part, facing the muzzle of the blast hole, a charging hole is formed in the compaction inclined plane, and the charging hole is communicated with the top end of the charging channel after penetrating through the charging part. The packing block is arranged on the packing inclined plane in a sliding way, when the packing block slides to the bottom of the blast hole along the packing inclined plane and is packed on the packing inclined plane, the packing part can be packed on the inner side wall of the blast hole under the reaction force of the packing inclined plane, the parts of the packing block and the packing part, which are contacted with each other, can be spliced into a blocking cylinder, and the blocking cylinder is used for blocking the blast hole. In some embodiments, the variable diameter charging and filling integrated blasting device further comprises an outer sleeve, wherein t