CN-121994122-A - Mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method and system based on SAR (synthetic aperture radar) images

CN121994122ACN 121994122 ACN121994122 ACN 121994122ACN-121994122-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method and system based on SAR images, and relates to the technical field of mining area monitoring, wherein the method comprises the steps of extracting a line-of-sight deformation sequence from a time sequence deformation phase set, identifying deformation acceleration points and convergence inflection points in the line-of-sight deformation sequence, and dividing a mining period based on the deformation acceleration points and the convergence inflection points to obtain a plurality of subintervals; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a differential interference deformation map of each subinterval by carrying out differential interference on SAR images at the initial and final of each subinterval, deducing a three-dimensional deformation pre-estimated value of the earth surface corresponding to the subinterval based on mining geological parameters of a target mining area, coupling the differential interference deformation map with the three-dimensional deformation pre-estimated value to obtain a three-dimensional deformation initial field, and accurately describing deformation evolution rules of various stages of acceleration, stability, convergence and the like, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and time sequence continuity of three-dimensional deformation monitoring of the mining area and completely presenting dynamic change characteristics of the earth surface deformation in the whole mining process.

Inventors

WANG WEITING
ZHANG JIAWEI
MA JUN
WEI XIANGPING
ZHANG JIERU
LIU YANLIANG
YANG KEMING
LI YAXING

Assignees

淮北矿业股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251228

Claims (10)

1. The mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method based on SAR images is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, acquiring a multi-temporal SAR image of a target mining area, and performing phase difference elimination on the multi-temporal SAR image to obtain a time sequence deformation phase set; s2, extracting a line of sight from the time sequence deformation phase set, identifying deformation acceleration points and convergence inflection points in the line of sight deformation sequence, and dividing the mining period based on the deformation acceleration points and the convergence inflection points to obtain a plurality of subintervals; s3, carrying out differential interference on SAR images at the initial and the tail of each subinterval to obtain a differential interference deformation map of the subinterval, and simultaneously deducing an earth surface three-dimensional deformation estimated value corresponding to the subinterval based on mining geological parameters of a target mining area; S4, coupling the differential interference deformation graph and the three-dimensional deformation pre-estimated value to obtain a three-dimensional deformation initial field, introducing directional constraint into the three-dimensional deformation initial field, and obtaining an optimized three-dimensional deformation component of the subinterval; S5, connecting all the sub-period optimized three-dimensional deformation components according to the corresponding time sequence to obtain a time sequence preliminary deformation sequence, and compensating deformation value jump between adjacent sub-periods in the time sequence preliminary deformation sequence to obtain a corrected time sequence deformation sequence; And S6, performing gridding reconstruction on the corrected time sequence deformation sequence to generate a three-dimensional deformation field with continuous mining full period time and space.
2. The method for three-dimensional deformation monitoring of mining area based on SAR image as set forth in claim 1, wherein the steps of obtaining multi-temporal SAR image of target mining area, and performing phase difference elimination on the multi-temporal SAR image to obtain time sequence deformation phase set, include: Identifying deformation phase signals related to mining activities and interference phase signals related to non-mining factors from the multi-temporal SAR image; Based on the diffusion characteristic that the interference phase signal is different from the deformation phase signal in space-time dimension, stripping the interference phase signal and extracting the deformation phase signal; And arranging the deformation phase signals according to the corresponding SAR image acquisition time sequence to construct a time sequence deformation phase set.
3. The method for three-dimensional deformation monitoring of mining area based on SAR image according to claim 1, wherein extracting the line of sight from the time-series deformation phase set, identifying deformation acceleration points and convergence inflection points in the line of sight to the deformation sequence, and dividing the mining period based on the deformation acceleration points and the convergence inflection points to obtain a plurality of subintervals, comprises: deriving deformation of the radar sight line direction from the time sequence deformation phase set, and arranging the deformation according to the time sequence to obtain the sight line deformation sequence; the method comprises the steps of monitoring deformation rate change of a video line to a deformation sequence, marking a time point when the rate of the deformation rapidly rises as a deformation acceleration point, and simultaneously probing a time point when the deformation growth trend stops and begins to slow down as a convergence inflection point; And cutting the total mining duration by taking the moment corresponding to the deformation acceleration point and the convergence inflection point as a boundary to obtain a plurality of subintervals.
4. The method for three-dimensional deformation monitoring of mining area based on SAR image as set forth in claim 1, wherein said performing differential interference on the SAR image at the beginning and end of each sub-period to obtain a differential interference deformation map of the sub-period comprises: for each sub-period, selecting an SAR image at the starting moment as a reference image, and selecting an SAR image at the ending moment as an image to be detected; performing differential interference processing on the reference image and the image to be detected to obtain a differential interference phase field of a subinterval; Based on the spatial distribution and the continuity characteristic of the phase values in the differential interference phase field, carrying out mining area related phase identification on the differential interference phase field to obtain a target phase; and performing deformation conversion on the target phase along the radar sight direction to obtain a differential interference deformation graph.
5. The method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of mining area based on SAR image as set forth in claim 2, wherein the estimating of the three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface corresponding to the subinterval based on the mining geological parameter of the target mining area comprises: acquiring rock stratum mechanical parameters and a mining propulsion plan of a target mining area; Performing displacement trend deduction on mining action situations defined by rock stratum mechanical parameters, mining propulsion plans, time spans of subintervals and mining azimuth information together to obtain earth surface displacement trends of the subintervals; And according to the component proportion of the earth surface displacement trend in the vertical, east-west and north-south directions, performing three-dimensional component construction on the earth surface displacement trend to obtain an earth surface three-dimensional deformation estimated value.
6. The method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of a mining area based on SAR images as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of coupling the differential interference deformation map with the three-dimensional deformation pre-estimated value to obtain a three-dimensional deformation initial field comprises the steps of: extracting line-of-sight deformation distribution from the differential interference deformation graph, and extracting three-dimensional deformation vector distribution from the three-dimensional deformation predicted value; and performing spatial registration on the line of sight deformation distribution and the three-dimensional deformation vector distribution to obtain registered deformation data, and performing weight distribution on the registered deformation data to obtain a three-dimensional deformation initial field.
7. The SAR image-based mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein introducing directional constraint into the three-dimensional deformation initial field to obtain sub-period optimized three-dimensional deformation component, comprises: Acquiring the mining advancing direction and the geological structure trend corresponding to the subinterval; And based on the exploitation advancing direction and the geologic structure trend, performing directional constraint introduction on the three-dimensional deformation initial field to obtain an optimized three-dimensional deformation component.
8. The method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of mining area based on SAR image as set forth in claim 1, wherein the steps of connecting all the sub-period-optimized three-dimensional deformation components according to their corresponding time sequences to obtain a time sequence preliminary deformation sequence, compensating the deformation value jump of adjacent sub-period time in the time sequence preliminary deformation sequence to obtain a corrected time sequence deformation sequence, and comprising: according to the sequence of each sub-period in the exploitation period, performing time sequencing on the three-dimensional deformation components after optimizing the sub-period, and performing head-to-tail connection on the three-dimensional deformation components subjected to the time sequencing to obtain a time sequence primary deformation sequence; In the time sequence preliminary deformation sequence, identifying the space distribution difference of three-dimensional deformation values at the boundary of adjacent subintervals, and positioning a deformation value jump region based on the space distribution difference; And performing deformation value compensation on the deformation value jump region based on the continuity of the mining activity and the gradual change characteristic of the surface deformation to obtain a corrected time sequence deformation sequence.
9. The SAR image-based mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the gridding reconstruction of the corrected time-series deformation sequence to generate a mining full-period spatiotemporal continuous three-dimensional deformation field comprises: based on the geographic boundary of the target mining area, performing space grid division on the monitoring area to obtain a space grid frame; giving the deformation value in the corrected time sequence deformation sequence to the corresponding grid node in the space grid frame according to the corresponding time and space position, and obtaining an initial grid field with the space-time deformation value; and performing smooth transition processing on deformation value differences between adjacent grid nodes in the initial grid field based on the continuity requirement of the three-dimensional deformation field in time and space dimensions to obtain the three-dimensional deformation field with continuous mining full period time and space.
10. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring system for a mining area based on SAR images, for implementing the three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a mining area based on SAR images according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the system comprises: The interference phase eliminating module is used for acquiring a multi-time-phase SAR image of the target mining area, and carrying out phase difference elimination on the multi-time-phase SAR image to obtain a time sequence deformation phase set; The mining period segmentation module is used for extracting a line-of-sight deformation sequence from the time sequence deformation phase set, identifying deformation acceleration points and convergence inflection points in the line-of-sight deformation sequence, and segmenting the mining period based on the deformation acceleration points and the convergence inflection points to obtain a plurality of subintervals; The deformation prediction module is used for carrying out differential interference on SAR images at the initial and final of each subinterval to obtain a differential interference deformation map of the subinterval, and simultaneously deducing a three-dimensional deformation predicted value of the earth surface corresponding to the subinterval based on mining geological parameters of a target mining area; The three-dimensional deformation field coupling module is used for coupling the differential interference deformation graph and the three-dimensional deformation predicted value to obtain a three-dimensional deformation initial field, introducing directional constraint to the three-dimensional deformation initial field and obtaining an optimized three-dimensional deformation component of the subinterval; the time sequence deformation field correction module is used for connecting all the sub-period optimized three-dimensional deformation components according to the corresponding time sequence to obtain a time sequence preliminary deformation sequence, and compensating deformation value jump between adjacent sub-periods in the time sequence preliminary deformation sequence to obtain a corrected time sequence deformation sequence; And the space-time continuous field reconstruction output module is used for performing gridding reconstruction on the corrected time sequence deformation sequence to generate a three-dimensional deformation field with the mining full period and the space-time continuous.

Description

Mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method and system based on SAR (synthetic aperture radar) images Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of mining area monitoring, in particular to a mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method and system based on SAR images. Background The surface deformation caused by mining of mining areas has obvious dynamic stage characteristics, and can present differential changes such as acceleration, stability, convergence and the like along with the mining process, and the deformation mechanism, the change rate and the spatial distribution rule of each stage have essential differences. The existing SAR-based mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method does not carry out processing aiming at the characteristic, does not extract the visual line deformation sequence from the time sequence deformation phase set obtained by multi-time-phase SAR image processing, does not identify deformation acceleration points and convergence inflection points by monitoring deformation rate changes, and can only uniformly process the whole mining period. In the mode, deformation signals of different stages are mutually overlapped and interfered, effective deformation information of each stage cannot be accurately separated, subsequent deformation inversion can be carried out only based on mixed full-period data, targeted adaptation of deformation rules of each stage is lacking, and finally monitoring results cannot truly reflect actual conditions of surface deformation. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a mining area three-dimensional deformation monitoring method and system based on SAR images, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the above purpose, the method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of mining area based on SAR image provided by the invention comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring a multi-temporal SAR image of a target mining area, and performing phase difference elimination on the multi-temporal SAR image to obtain a time sequence deformation phase set; s2, extracting a line of sight from the time sequence deformation phase set, identifying deformation acceleration points and convergence inflection points in the line of sight deformation sequence, and dividing the mining period based on the deformation acceleration points and the convergence inflection points to obtain a plurality of subintervals; s3, carrying out differential interference on SAR images at the initial and the tail of each subinterval to obtain a differential interference deformation map of the subinterval, and simultaneously deducing an earth surface three-dimensional deformation estimated value corresponding to the subinterval based on mining geological parameters of a target mining area; S4, coupling the differential interference deformation graph and the three-dimensional deformation pre-estimated value to obtain a three-dimensional deformation initial field, introducing directional constraint into the three-dimensional deformation initial field, and obtaining an optimized three-dimensional deformation component of the subinterval; S5, connecting all the sub-period optimized three-dimensional deformation components according to the corresponding time sequence to obtain a time sequence preliminary deformation sequence, and compensating deformation value jump between adjacent sub-periods in the time sequence preliminary deformation sequence to obtain a corrected time sequence deformation sequence; And S6, performing gridding reconstruction on the corrected time sequence deformation sequence to generate a three-dimensional deformation field with continuous mining full period time and space. Preferably, the acquiring the multi-temporal SAR image of the target mining area, and performing phase difference elimination on the multi-temporal SAR image to obtain a time-series deformation phase set, includes: Identifying deformation phase signals related to mining activities and interference phase signals related to non-mining factors from the multi-temporal SAR image; Based on the diffusion characteristic that the interference phase signal is different from the deformation phase signal in space-time dimension, stripping the interference phase signal and extracting the deformation phase signal; And arranging the deformation phase signals according to the corresponding SAR image acquisition time sequence to construct a time sequence deformation phase set. Preferably, the extracting the line of sight from the time-series deformation phase set, identifying deformation acceleration points and convergence inflection points in the line of sight to the deformation sequence, and dividing the mining period based on the deformation acceleration points and the convergence inflection points to obtain a plurality of subintervals, including: deriving deformation of the radar sight line direc