CN-121994298-A - Tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction system and application method thereof

CN121994298ACN 121994298 ACN121994298 ACN 121994298ACN-121994298-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock data monitoring and forecasting, in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological forecasting system and an application method thereof. The technical scheme includes that the tunnel face monitoring system comprises a geological data acquisition module, a surrounding rock deformation monitoring module, a data analysis and processing module and an advanced geological prediction module, wherein the geological data acquisition module is used for acquiring geological information in front of a tunnel face and comprises a geological radar sensor and a seismic wave transmitting and receiving device, and the surrounding rock deformation monitoring module is used for monitoring deformation of surrounding rocks of a tunnel in real time and comprises distributed optical fiber sensors arranged along the periphery of the tunnel and a high-precision displacement meter arranged at a key position. According to the invention, through non-encapsulated measurement and multi-source data fusion, the accuracy and range of surrounding rock parameter measurement are obviously improved, the reliability and timeliness of advanced geological forecast are enhanced, and effective technical support is provided for safety control and efficiency optimization of tunnel construction.

Inventors

LIU XUEJUN
WANG CAIJIN
HOU XIANMING
Ha Yuelong
YIN QI
LI YANJUN

Assignees

新疆建筑科学研究院（有限责任公司）

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251225

Claims (10)

1. Tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological forecast system, its characterized in that includes: The geological data acquisition module is used for acquiring geological information in front of the tunnel face and comprises a geological radar sensor and a seismic wave transmitting and receiving device; The surrounding rock deformation monitoring module is used for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock of the tunnel in real time and comprises distributed optical fiber sensors arranged along the periphery of the tunnel and high-precision displacement meters arranged at key positions; the data analysis and processing module is used for analyzing and processing the data acquired by the geological data acquisition module and the surrounding rock deformation monitoring module so as to establish a surrounding rock deformation model and predict deformation trend, and the module is integrated with a machine learning algorithm and a finite element numerical simulation function; And the advanced geological forecast module is used for carrying out advanced early warning on the poor geological condition in front of the face based on the output result of the data analysis and processing module and generating a geological condition report.
2. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological forecast system according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting frequency of geological radar sensors in the geological data acquisition module is adjustable, and the adjusting range is 1MHz to 2MHz.
3. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction system according to claim 1, wherein in the surrounding rock deformation monitoring module, the measurement precision of the distributed optical fiber sensor is 3 mu epsilon, and the measurement precision of the high-precision displacement meter is 4mm.
4. The tunnel surrounding deformation characterization and advanced geological forecast system of claim 1, wherein the machine learning algorithm integrated in the data analysis and processing module includes convolutional neural networks and cyclic neural networks.
5. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction system according to claim 1, wherein the advanced geological prediction module has an advanced prediction distance of 30 meters to 50 meters in front of the face, and the position prediction error of the poor geological body is within 7 meters.
6. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological forecast system according to claim 1, further comprising a data storage module for storing geological data, surrounding rock deformation data, analysis and processing results and forecast reports, wherein the storage capacity of the data storage module is not less than 8GB, and the data storage module has data backup and recovery functions.
7. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological forecast system according to claim 1, further comprising a display and interaction module, wherein the display and interaction module adopts a touch display screen and is used for intuitively displaying system data and forecast results.
8. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological forecast system according to claim 1, wherein data transmission is carried out among the modules of the system through a wireless communication technology, the transmission rate of wireless communication is not lower than 9Mbps, and the communication distance in a tunnel environment is not lower than 10 meters.
9. A tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction method applied to the system of any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the following steps: Preparing a sample, collecting tunnel surrounding rock, processing the tunnel surrounding rock into a disc-shaped sample, and cleaning and saturating the surface of the sample; parameter measurement, namely placing the pretreated sample in a non-packaging type measuring unit, applying multi-gradient flow through a flow control system, synchronously measuring inlet and outlet pressure difference and surrounding rock strain, calculating the initial permeability of the surrounding rock based on Darcy's law, and combining numerical simulation correction to obtain real permeability and anisotropic parameters; Data fusion analysis, namely fusing the geological structure information acquired by a geological data acquisition module with the surrounding rock parameters obtained in the parameter measurement step, and matching a permeability-stress-deformation coupling model through a machine learning algorithm to generate a surrounding rock deformation trend curve; and (3) advanced forecasting and application, outputting bad geological early warning and supporting suggestions in a preset range in front of the face based on the result of the data fusion analysis step, and dynamically adjusting the forecasting result and the construction scheme according to real-time data in the construction process.
10. The method for tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic study and advanced geological forecast according to claim 9, wherein in the parameter measurement step, the non-packaging type measurement unit adopts a stainless steel gland and a peripheral sealing gasket to fix a sample, and the gasket width is as follows Thickness of sample Is approximately equal to 1; The permeability and anisotropy parameters are determined by a computational model comprising the following formula: The initial permeability calculation formula is: Wherein, the In order for the permeability to be a function of, As a function of the viscosity of the fluid, For the thickness of the sample, As a function of the flow-pressure slope, Is the flow area; anisotropic parameter through inlet flow And outlet flow rate Ratio of (2) to vertical permeability And radial permeability Is determined by a functional relationship between the ratios of (a): Wherein D is the sample diameter.

Description

Tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction system and application method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock data monitoring and forecasting, in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological forecasting system and an application method thereof. Background In the engineering construction of a deep buried long large tunnel, the stability of surrounding rock is directly related to construction safety and success and failure of engineering. The deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock are closely related to the geological conditions in which the surrounding rock is subjected, in particular the permeability, the anisotropy and the heterogeneity of the rock mass. Therefore, the physical and mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock, particularly the permeability characteristics of the surrounding rock are accurately mastered, and reliable advanced geological forecast is realized on the basis, so that the key point of effectively controlling construction risks and optimizing support design is realized. Rock matrix permeability is an important parameter affecting groundwater migration, surrounding rock stress distribution and deformation evolution. However, the range of permeability values for a rock mass in nature can span over 12 orders of magnitude, which presents a great challenge for its accurate measurement. Currently, existing single permeability measurement systems typically only operate in the range of 4 to 5 orders of magnitude and generally face a tradeoff between measurement range and resolution. Further, various conventional measurement techniques have inherent limitations. Packaged measurement systems, represented by core displacement devices and gas permeameters, typically employ a core holder to press an elastic sleeve against a sample to form a one-dimensional flow path. However, this encapsulation has the obvious disadvantage that on the one hand, the rock sample inevitably undergoes peripheral damage during coring and on the other hand, the interface between the encapsulation and the rock sample is extremely prone to forming preferential flow paths. These factors can severely interfere, especially with permeability inferences for low matrix permeability rocks, leading to distortion of measurement results. In addition, although the gas permeameter has the advantages of high measurement speed, fluid chemical inertness and the like, the data interpretation process is extremely complex, various factors such as residual saturation, gas compressibility, slipping effect and the like need to be comprehensively considered, and obvious uncertainty and calculation difficulty are introduced. The probe permeameter does not require complex sample preparation and can make non-encapsulated measurements, but its theoretical model builds on the assumption of a hemispherical pressure field. In practical engineering, this assumption is often difficult to hold against non-planar surfaces and rock masses with significant anisotropy, resulting in large deviations in the measurement results. In summary, in the existing measurement technology, due to the packaging interface effect, the limitation of the theoretical model and the complex interpretation of the data, it is difficult to quickly and accurately obtain the original physical and mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock, especially the surrounding rock with low permeability and strong anisotropy, in the complex engineering environment of the deep buried tunnel. Therefore, the application provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction system and an application method thereof. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems that in the background technology, the prior measurement technology is difficult to quickly and accurately acquire surrounding rock in a complex engineering environment of a deep buried tunnel due to the packaging interface effect, the theoretical model limitation or the complex data interpretation, and provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction system and an application method thereof. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation characteristic research and advanced geological prediction system, comprising: The geological data acquisition module is used for acquiring geological information in front of the tunnel face and comprises a geological radar sensor and a seismic wave transmitting and receiving device; The surrounding rock deformation monitoring module is used for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock of the tunnel in real time and comprises distributed optical fiber sensors arranged along the periphery of the tunnel and high-precision displacement meters arranged at key positio