CN-121994379-A - Hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device which comprises an insulating plate, wherein the insulating plate comprises a piezoelectric film layer, an insulating layer and an electrode layer, the electrode layer is arranged between the piezoelectric film layer and the insulating layer, and the piezoelectric film layer is arranged between the two electrode layers. The pressure distribution detection device for the hydrogen fuel cell stack, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the insulating plate is combined with the piezoelectric film, the stress distribution on the insulating plate at the two ends of the stack is rapidly detected and output by using the existing structure without disassembly and assembly in a manner of a sensing probe plug-in structure or wireless transmission and the like, the piezoelectric film is distributed in a dispersed and isolated manner, the detection structure is simple, the manufacture and the maintenance are easy, the sensitivity is high, the measurement precision is high, and the linearity and the stability are good. The invention also discloses a method for detecting the pressure distribution of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

Inventors

• WANG YAN
• PAN CHENBING
• CHEN DAHUA
• PAN LISHENG
• SHEN XINLONG
• CHENG PENG

Assignees

• 安徽瑞氢动力科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20241104

Claims (9)

1. 1. The hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device is characterized by comprising an insulating plate, wherein the insulating plate comprises a piezoelectric film layer, an insulating layer and an electrode layer, the electrode layer is arranged between the piezoelectric film layer and the insulating layer, and the piezoelectric film layer is arranged between the two electrode layers.
2. 2. The hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detecting device according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive layer is provided between the electrode layer and the piezoelectric thin film layer and the insulating layer.
3. 3. The hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode layer is connected to a signal acquisition wire, and the signal acquisition wire is sequentially connected to a signal amplifier, a voltage-pressure fitting module, and a computer.
4. 4. A hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the piezoelectric film layer is distributed on the surface of the electrode layer, and the piezoelectric film layer has a shape of a dispersed circle, square or rectangle.
5. 5. A hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the piezoelectric film layer is 55 to 500 μm, and the area of the piezoelectric film layer is 5 to 40cm 2 .
6. 6. A hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrode layer is made of copper foil, aluminum foil or conductive cloth material.
7. 7. A hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrode layer is made of a metal-plated material by a vacuum sputtering process.
8. 8. A hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection method, characterized by employing the hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprising the steps of: s1, assembling the insulating plate and a plurality of parts to form a fuel cell stack; s2, press fitting the fuel cell stack; S3, collecting voltage signals of the electrode layers, and converting the voltage signals into pressure signals.
9. 9. The hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device according to claim 8, wherein the step S1 includes: S101, assembling a lower end plate, an insulating plate and a lower current collecting plate, wherein the insulating plate is positioned between the lower end plate and the lower current collecting plate; S102, assembling a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode on the assembly in the step S101, wherein the membrane electrode is positioned between the two bipolar plates; S103, assembling an upper current collecting plate, an insulating plate and an upper end plate on the assembly in the step S102, wherein the insulating plate is positioned between the upper end plate and the upper current collecting plate.

Description

Hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device and detection method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane electrodes of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly relates to a hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device and a detection method. Background Hydrogen fuel cell automobiles have become one of the important development directions in the field of new energy automobiles. The assembly of a hydrogen fuel cell stack is a very important feature in the design and manufacturing process, and because of the specificity of the fuel used, proper assembly of the fuel cell stack is critical, not only in terms of the structural arrangement of its components, but also in terms of the tightness of the fuel. The assembly of the galvanic pile affects the performance, and the internal stress distribution in the assembly process directly affects the quality of the performance and the durability of each raw material. When designing and assembling a PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell), the excessive or insufficient assembling load will affect the performance of the PEMFC, even damage the cell, and the stack needs enough contact pressure to make the components in the stack cling together, so as to prevent leakage of reactants and reduce contact resistance between layers. The required assembly force is equal to the force sufficient to compress the layers of the stack without impeding flow. The assembly pressure affects the interface characteristics between the component parts. If the assembly force is insufficient or uneven, there will be caused a problem of stack sealing, which may cause an increase in contact resistance between the bipolar plate and the GDL (gas diffusion layer), deterioration of the cell performance, more serious leakage of fuel caused by gaps between the bipolar plate and the GDL, and increased operational risk, while too high pressure may cause excessive deformation of the membrane electrode, which may prevent diffusion of fuel in the GDL, thereby lowering diffusion efficiency of the reaction gas, and water generated by the electrochemical reaction may not be easily discharged in time, which may cause blockage of gas diffusion channels, and if the membrane electrode structure is damaged in this process, the stack may not work normally even more serious. Too high or too low an assembly pressure may deteriorate the performance of the PEMFC, so that rational design and assembly of the PEMFC is important for improving the overall performance thereof. The most important goal of fuel cell design and assembly is to achieve a reasonable, uniform pressure distribution. At present, the pressure distribution detection of the hydrogen fuel cell stack utilizes the conversion function principle between the color density and the pressure of pressure sensitive paper to estimate the internal pressure distribution of the fuel cell stack, and the mode has the following defects: On one hand, the pressure-sensitive paper has limited pressure range which can be distinguished by naked eyes, has more reading errors, and has higher cost if a special reading instrument is purchased, and on the other hand, the pressure-sensitive paper needs to be read after being piled and taken out after being pressed, so that the steps are complex, and time and labor are wasted. It is desirable to provide an improved hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection apparatus and detection method, particularly with respect to how to improve the accuracy of the hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection structure. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device, aiming at improving the accuracy of a hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection structure. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the hydrogen fuel cell stack pressure distribution detection device comprises an insulating plate, wherein the insulating plate comprises a piezoelectric film layer, an insulating layer and an electrode layer, the electrode layer is arranged between the piezoelectric film layer and the insulating layer, and the piezoelectric film layer is positioned between the two electrode layers. And adhesive layers are arranged between the electrode layers and the piezoelectric film layers and between the electrode layers and the insulating layers. The electrode layer is connected with a signal acquisition wire, and the signal acquisition wire is sequentially connected with a signal amplifier, a voltage-pressure fitting module and a computer. The piezoelectric film layer is distributed on the surface of the electrode layer, and the shape of the piezoelectric film layer is dispersed round, square or rectangular. The thickness of the