CN-121994451-A - Low-temperature ice pool test device and method for floating ice breaking process of underwater structure

CN121994451ACN 121994451 ACN121994451 ACN 121994451ACN-121994451-A

Abstract

The invention provides a low-temperature ice pool test device and a method in an upward floating ice breaking process of an underwater structure, and relates to the technical field of ice pool tests, wherein the test method comprises the following steps of firstly, preparing a model ice cover similar to physical and mechanical properties of natural sea ice; the method comprises the steps of installing a test system, installing a special-shaped structure model on the test system, controlling a vertical lifting unit to drive the special-shaped structure model to float upwards to strike an ice cover of the model, monitoring and dynamically adjusting the horizontal posture of the special-shaped structure model in real time through a self-compensating structure in the floating process of the special-shaped structure model, and synchronously collecting mechanical response data and visual image data of the ice cover damage of the special-shaped structure model in the ice breaking process. The invention can truly and accurately simulate the upward floating ice breaking process of the abnormal structure, keep stable structural posture in the process, and synchronously acquire high-precision mechanical and visual data.

Inventors

YANG DAI
WEI JIANHUI
WANG WENQUN
FU XIN
LIU GUOCANG
HUANG YAN
TIAN YUFENG
SUN JIANQIAO

Assignees

中国船舶集团有限公司第七一九研究所
天津大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260211

Claims (9)

1. The low-temperature ice water pool test device for the floating ice breaking process of the underwater structure comprises a vertical lifting unit (3) and a supporting arm (4), and is characterized by further comprising a self-compensating structure (5), wherein the vertical lifting unit (3) is connected with the self-compensating structure (5) through the supporting arm (4), a special-shaped structure model (7) is arranged on the self-compensating structure (5), the self-compensating structure (5) comprises a box frame structure, the box frame structure is fixedly connected with the supporting arm (4), a plurality of telescopic driving pieces (12) are arranged in the box frame structure, the working ends of the telescopic driving pieces (12) are connected with a cover plate (11), an inclination angle sensor (10) is arranged at the bottom of the cover plate (11), the special-shaped structure model (7) is fixedly connected with the cover plate (11), and the self-compensating structure (5) and the special-shaped structure model (7) on the self-compensating structure are driven by the vertical lifting unit (3) to reciprocate along the vertical direction, so that the special-shaped structure model (7) can be reset up and reset down.
2. The low-temperature ice pool test device for the floating ice breaking process of the underwater structure according to claim 1, the telescopic driving piece is characterized by comprising a telescopic electric cylinder.
3. The test method for the low-temperature ice water pool in the floating ice breaking process of the underwater structure according to claim 2, wherein a force measuring unit is arranged between the self-compensating structure (5) and the abnormal-shaped structure model (7), and mechanical response data of the abnormal-shaped structure model (7) in the ice breaking process are synchronously collected through the force measuring unit.
4. A method of testing a pool of ice in a submerged structure according to claim 3, wherein the load cell comprises a plurality of load cells (6), the plurality of load cells (6) being evenly distributed under the model (7) of the profiled structure.
5. The low-temperature ice pool test method for the floating ice breaking process of the underwater structure according to claim 4, wherein the imaging device (8) is arranged above the abnormal structure model (7) and above the ice layer of the ice pool, and visual image data of the ice cover damage are synchronously acquired through the imaging device (8).
6. A method for testing a low-temperature ice pool test device based on an ice floating and breaking process of an underwater structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Step one, preparing a model ice cover (9) with physical and mechanical properties similar to those of natural sea ice; step two, fixedly mounting a special-shaped structure model (7) to be tested on the cover plate (11); Controlling the vertical lifting unit (3) to drive the supporting arm (4) to drive the abnormal structure model (7) to move upwards so as to strike the model ice cover (9); Monitoring the inclination angle of the cover plate (11) through the inclination angle sensor (10) in the floating process of the special-shaped structure model (7), and controlling the telescopic driving piece (12) to perform cooperative telescopic action based on the monitored inclination angle signal so as to dynamically adjust the posture of the cover plate (11), so that the special-shaped structure model (7) keeps a set horizontal posture; And fifthly, synchronously collecting mechanical response data and visual image data of ice cover damage of the abnormal structure model (7) in the ice breaking process.
7. The test method for the low-temperature ice pool in the floating ice breaking process of the underwater structure according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, the preparation of the model ice cover (9) specifically comprises the steps of preparing urea aqueous solution, reducing the water temperature to be close to a freezing point through a cold air unit, performing atomization spraying seeding to induce the growth of ice crystals, and regulating and controlling the bending strength of the model ice cover (9) through controlling the temperature returning process.
8. The test method for the low-temperature ice pool in the floating ice breaking process of the underwater structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that in the third step, a force transducer (6) is firstly installed and fixed on a self-compensating structure (5), then a special-shaped structure model (7) is fixed on the force transducer (6) to ensure that the gravity center position of the model structure is consistent with the gravity center of a base, connection firmness between the special-shaped structure model (7) and the force transducer (6) is checked to ensure accurate load signal transmission, operation parameters of a servo motor (1) including the floating speed are set, and initial test data including ice cover thickness, model structure position and environmental temperature parameters are recorded.
9. The test method for the low-temperature ice pool test in the floating ice breaking process of the underwater structure according to claim 8, wherein in the fourth step, the inclination angle of the special-shaped structure model (7) in the ice breaking process is dynamically controlled within 0.5 degrees through the adjustment of the self-compensating structure (5).

Description

Low-temperature ice pool test device and method for floating ice breaking process of underwater structure Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ice water tank tests, in particular to a low-temperature ice water tank test device and method for an upward floating ice breaking process of an underwater structure. Background With the gradual extension of the navigation period of global climate warming and arctic waterways, the polar territorial strategy and resource development value are continuously increased. In this context, polar regions are becoming a strategic focus of various countries in resource development, shipping and military deployment. The potential vessel is required to have reliable floating ice breaking capability in the tasks of polar scientific investigation, resource exploration, military application and the like, and the process involves the complex mechanical problem of ice-structure strong coupling interaction. The ice layer is used as a quasi-brittle and heterogeneous material, and when the ice layer is subjected to the local load of the submersible structure, the ice layer often shows typical crack occurrence, expansion, bifurcation and final fracture evolution characteristics, and the submersible structure needs to maintain the stability and structural strength margin under the complex ice load. At present, related research at home and abroad mainly focuses on influence analysis of sea ice physical parameters, prediction of structural response under the action of ice load and establishment of a numerical simulation model. The structure floating process is simulated by the ice water tank test device, and the typical ice damage mode and the structure load change process are obtained. However, the research on crack propagation evolution mechanisms in the process of floating ice breaking on different structures, load space-time distribution characteristics and an ice breaking structure optimization design method is still insufficient at present. Aiming at the problems of uncontrollable gesture, large influence of disturbance on data precision, high difficulty in testing abnormal structures and the like in the current ice water tank floating and breaking test technology, development of a low-temperature ice water tank test device and method in the process of floating and breaking an underwater structure is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems of uncontrollable gesture, large influence of disturbance on data precision, high difficulty in testing a special-shaped structure and the like in the current ice water tank floating ice breaking test technology, and further provides a low-temperature ice water tank test device and a low-temperature ice water tank test method in the underwater structure floating ice breaking process. The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: The invention provides a low-temperature ice water pool test device in an ice breaking process of an underwater structure, which comprises a vertical lifting unit and a supporting arm, and further comprises a self-compensating structure, wherein the vertical lifting unit is connected with the self-compensating structure through the supporting arm, a special-shaped structure model is arranged on the self-compensating structure, the self-compensating structure comprises a box-shaped frame structure, the box-shaped frame structure is fixedly connected with the supporting arm, a plurality of telescopic driving pieces are arranged in the box-shaped frame structure, the working ends of the telescopic driving pieces are connected with a cover plate, an inclination sensor is arranged at the bottom of the cover plate, and the special-shaped structure model is fixedly connected with the cover plate. And the vertical lifting unit drives the self-compensating machine structure and the abnormal structure model on the self-compensating machine structure to reciprocate along the vertical direction, so that the upward floating ice breaking and the submerged reset of the abnormal structure model are realized. Further, the telescopic driving member includes a telescopic electric cylinder. Furthermore, a force measuring unit is arranged between the self-compensating structure and the abnormal-shaped structure model, and mechanical response data of the abnormal-shaped structure model in the ice breaking process are synchronously collected through the force measuring unit. Further, the force measuring unit comprises a plurality of force measuring sensors, and the force measuring sensors are uniformly distributed below the abnormal structure model. Further, the imaging equipment is arranged above the abnormal structure model and above the ice layer of the ice water tank, and visual image data damaged by the ice cover are synchronously acquired through the imaging equipment. The invention also provides a test method of the low-temperature ice water p