CN-121994500-A - Electrostatic probe for early fault detection of heavy-duty gas turbine and use method thereof

CN121994500ACN 121994500 ACN121994500 ACN 121994500ACN-121994500-A

Abstract

The invention provides an electrostatic probe for detecting early faults of a heavy-duty gas turbine and a use method thereof, which are applied to the field of early fault diagnosis of the gas turbine, and comprise a probe, a first insulating cover, a second insulating cover, a connecting block, a BNC connector and a shielding cover, wherein the probe is arranged on the first insulating cover; the BNC connector is arranged on the outer surface of the top end of the shielding cover, an inner core of the BNC connector penetrates through the shielding cover and is arranged in the shielding cover, the bottom end of the probe is a detection end, the detection end of the probe extends out of the first insulating cover, the top end of the probe penetrates through the first insulating cover and is arranged in the shielding cover, the probe is connected with the BNC connector through a connecting block arranged at the top end, the connecting block is connected with the inner core of the BNC connector, the second insulating cover is arranged in the shielding cover and is coaxial with the shielding cover, and one end of the second insulating cover abuts against the inner top wall of the shielding cover. The early failure of the heavy gas turbine can be accurately detected by detecting abnormal charged particles in the gas circuit pipeline.

Inventors

WEI XUEFEI
LI DEPING
LI PINYI
WEN XIAOLONG

Assignees

中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司
北京科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251231

Claims (10)

1. An electrostatic probe for detecting early faults of a heavy-duty gas turbine is characterized by comprising a probe, a first insulating cover, a second insulating cover, a connecting block, a BNC connector and a shielding cover; The shielding cover contains the top end of the first insulating cover; The BNC connector is arranged on the outer surface of the top end of the shielding cover, and the inner core of the BNC connector penetrates through the shielding cover and is arranged in the shielding cover; the bottom end of the probe is a detection end, and the detection end of the probe extends out of the first insulating cover; the top end of the probe penetrates through the first insulating cover and then is arranged in the shielding cover, and the probe is connected with the BNC connector through a connecting block arranged at the top end; the connecting block is connected with the inner core of the BNC connector; The second insulating cover is arranged in the shielding cover and is coaxially arranged with the shielding cover, one end of the second insulating cover is propped against the inner top wall of the shielding cover, and the other end of the second insulating cover is propped against the top end of the probe.
2. The electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine of claim 1, wherein said first insulating housing is cylindrically configured, a cylindrical passage is provided in said first insulating housing, and said cylindrical passage in said first insulating housing is used for mounting said probe; A clamping groove is formed in the periphery of the side wall of the first insulating cover and used for installing the shielding cover; The side wall of the first insulating cover is provided with square concave parts, the square concave parts are communicated with the clamping grooves, every two square concave parts are arranged, and the two square concave parts are arranged oppositely.
3. The electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine of claim 2, wherein said shield includes a cylindrical cap, a collar, and a semicircular ring mount; The cylindrical cover is in a cylindrical shape, the convex ring and the cylindrical cover are integrally arranged and coaxially arranged, the convex ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the end part of the bottom end of the cylindrical cover, and threaded holes and rectangular holes are arranged on the convex ring; the two semicircular fixing pieces are arranged below the convex ring and used for connecting the shielding cover and the first insulating cover.
4. An electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine according to claim 3, wherein two of said semicircular ring fixtures are symmetrically disposed; Each semicircular fixing piece is arranged in a semicircular mode, a direction protruding block is arranged at the bottom of each semicircular fixing piece, and block-shaped mounting lugs are arranged at the tops of two ends of each semicircular fixing piece; When the semicircular ring fixing piece is connected with the first insulating cover and the shielding cover: the two semicircular fixing pieces are hooped on the first insulating cover, and the inner edges of the two semicircular fixing pieces are clamped into the clamping grooves; each square bump can enter a square concave part on the corresponding first insulating cover; Two block-shaped mounting lugs which are relatively attached pass through rectangular holes on the same convex ring.
5. The electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine of claim 4, wherein said probe comprises a disk, a stiffener, and a needle tube; one end of the needle tube is arranged in the first shielding cover through a disc, and the lower surface of the disc is abutted against the upper panel at the end part of the first shielding cover; the other end of the needle tube extends out of the first shielding cover; the reinforcing ribs are connected with the side wall tube body of the needle tube and the lower surface of the disc.
6. The electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine of claim 5, wherein said second insulating cover is cylindrically configured, said second insulating cover is alumina, and an inner cavity of said second insulating cover houses a connection block.
7. The electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine of claim 6, wherein said connection block is copper.
8. A method of using an electrostatic probe for early failure detection in a heavy duty gas turbine, comprising the electrostatic probe for early failure detection in a heavy duty gas turbine of claim 7, comprising: s1, uniformly arranging at least four electrostatic probes for early fault detection of a heavy gas turbine on the inner wall of a metal gas circuit pipeline, wherein each electrostatic probe for early fault detection of the heavy gas turbine is connected with an electrostatic detection terminal respectively; S2, when particles exist in the metal gas circuit pipeline, the electrostatic probes for early fault detection of the heavy gas turbine capture the particles, and time domain electrostatic signals generated by the induction of the probes in the electrostatic probes for early fault detection of the heavy gas turbine are transmitted to an electrostatic detection terminal for signal fusion enhancement processing to obtain an enhancement signal data set; And S3, respectively carrying out charge quantity fitting and speed linear fitting based on the enhanced signal data set to obtain a charge quantity linear fitting formula of the particles and a speed linear fitting formula of the particles.
9. The method of using an electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine according to claim 8, wherein the step of transmitting the time domain electrostatic signals induced by the probes in each electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine in S2 to an electrostatic detection terminal for signal fusion enhancement processing, and obtaining the enhanced signal data set includes: Averaging the electrostatic signals detected by all probes to obtain an average value of all electrostatic probe signals; Calculating standard deviation of the signal and deviation of the signal based on the average value of all electrostatic probe signals; an enhanced signal dataset is obtained based on the standard deviation of the signal and the deviation of the signal.
10. The method of using an electrostatic probe for early failure detection of a heavy duty gas turbine according to claim 9, The standard deviation of the signal is given by formula (1): ;(1) s 1 is the standard deviation of the signals, and N is the number of all electrostatic probes; For the average value of all electrostatic probe signals, An electrostatic signal detected for the ith electrostatic probe; ;(2) s 2 is the deviation of the signal, j and k are the probe numbers, For the potential of the jth probe, The potential for the kth probe; the calculation formula of the data in the enhancement signal data set is formula (3): ;(3) is the linear regression data of the probe array, i.e. the data within the enhanced signal dataset, a, b are regression coefficients determined by simulation, where a = 0.384, b = -3.034, =0.217。

Description

Electrostatic probe for early fault detection of heavy-duty gas turbine and use method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of early fault diagnosis of gas turbines, in particular to an electrostatic probe for early fault detection of a heavy-duty gas turbine and a use method thereof. Background A gas turbine is a heat engine that converts chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy. When the gas turbine works, air is sucked from the air inlet, and then compressed into high-pressure air by the air compressor. The high pressure air is fed into the combustion chamber and mixed with fuel to burn into extremely high temperature fuel gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the turbine to push the turbine to do work, and power is output outwards. And the high-temperature gas after acting is discharged from the exhaust port. The heavy gas turbine can efficiently and cleanly generate electricity, is mainly applied to the fields of machinery, power generation, ships and the like, and is a foundation stone in modern energy and industrial systems. In the early stage of gas turbine failure, abnormal falling-off caused by mutual friction and collision among mechanical structures is increased. These dislodged particles tend to become electrically charged and exit the gas line as the high velocity gas flows. The electrostatic field for detecting the tiny particles in the gas path pipeline can be used for reflecting the falling-off condition of the particles, and is a novel method for detecting the faults of the heavy-duty gas turbine. Heavy duty gas turbines operate in extremely high temperature, high pressure environments. If the failure is found in time in the early stage of the failure, the possibility of the interlinking damage is caused, so that the unit is scrapped and even casualties occur. The publication CN120067791a proposes a method for gas turbine fault diagnosis by collecting vibration data. But may not be accurately diagnosed at the early stages of failure by vibration alone. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an electrostatic probe for detecting early faults of a heavy gas turbine and a use method thereof, which are used for detecting abnormal particle electric fields which fall off due to mutual friction and collision between mechanical structures in a gas circuit of the gas turbine, and the problems of early faults detection of the gas turbine are solved by identifying abnormal charged particles. The installation scheme of the electrostatic probe in the gas path pipeline is provided. The probe design aspect solves the problems of low sensitivity, difficult bearing of high temperature, high flow rate gas and the like of the conventional pipeline probe, and specifically comprises the following steps: an electrostatic probe for early fault detection of a heavy gas turbine comprises a probe, a first insulating cover, a second insulating cover, a connecting block, a BNC connector and a shielding cover; The shielding cover contains the top end of the first insulating cover; The BNC connector is arranged on the outer surface of the top end of the shielding cover, and the inner core of the BNC connector penetrates through the shielding cover and is arranged in the shielding cover; the bottom end of the probe is a detection end, and the detection end of the probe extends out of the first insulating cover; the top end of the probe penetrates through the first insulating cover and then is arranged in the shielding cover, and the probe is connected with the BNC connector through a connecting block arranged at the top end; the connecting block is connected with the inner core of the BNC connector; The second insulating cover is arranged in the shielding cover and is coaxially arranged with the shielding cover, one end of the second insulating cover is propped against the inner top wall of the shielding cover, and the other end of the second insulating cover is propped against the top end of the probe. Optionally, the first insulating cover is in a columnar shape, a columnar channel is arranged in the first insulating cover, and the columnar channel in the first insulating cover is used for installing the probe; A clamping groove is formed in the periphery of the side wall of the first insulating cover and used for installing the shielding cover; The side wall of the first insulating cover is provided with square concave parts, the square concave parts are communicated with the clamping grooves, every two square concave parts are arranged, and the two square concave parts are arranged oppositely. Optionally, the shielding cover comprises a cylindrical cover, a convex ring and a semicircular ring fixing piece; The cylindrical cover is in a cylindrical shape, the convex ring and the cylindrical cover are integrally arranged and coaxially arranged, the convex ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the end part of the bottom end of the cylind