Search

CN-121994521-A - Dynamic test method for high-pressure pipeline system component based on hydraulic excitation

CN121994521ACN 121994521 ACN121994521 ACN 121994521ACN-121994521-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic test method of a high-pressure pipeline system component based on hydraulic excitation, which relates to the technical field of system vibration source detection and comprises the following steps of S1, constructing a high-pressure pipeline system adopting a modularized framework and a multiple sealing protection structure; the method comprises the steps of S2, generating a periodic flow channel by using a pulsating pressure exciter to switch and generate a pulsating pressure wave, realizing control of excitation frequency and amplitude by adjusting the rotation speed of a rotor, applying pulsating pressure excitation in a fixed frequency, fixed amplitude or sweep frequency mode to a tested part, S3, realizing cooperative regulation and control of excitation parameters and a pipeline system state by adopting a distributed control architecture, and synchronously collecting pressure response and vibration response data, and S4, analyzing part dynamic response characteristics based on the collected data, identifying characteristic response frequency and evaluating dynamic stability and structural integrity. The invention breaks through the technical bottleneck of high-frequency pulsation excitation under the high-pressure zero leakage condition, and provides an effective test means for evaluating the reliability or dynamic response characteristic of the component.

Inventors

  • GONG WUQI
  • SU YONG

Assignees

  • 西安交通大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260306

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A dynamic test method for high-pressure pipeline system components based on hydraulic excitation is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, constructing a high-pressure pipeline system, wherein the system adopts a modularized framework and a multiple sealing protection structure, a stable pressure source is provided through a high-pressure storage tank, a main path and a bypass are formed through two-path diversion, the main path is connected with a tested part, the bypass is integrated with a pulsating pressure exciter with a rotary valve type structure, and a multistage regulating pore plate is arranged to realize flow distribution and pulsating amplitude regulation, so that a stable pulsating pressure excitation environment is established under the condition of high-pressure zero leakage; s2, utilizing the pulsating pressure exciter, generating periodic channel switching through a rotary valve type structure, generating a pulsating pressure wave, and controlling the excitation frequency and amplitude by adjusting the rotating speed of a rotor, so as to apply the pulsating pressure excitation in the form of fixed frequency, fixed amplitude or sweep frequency to a measured part; S3, adopting a distributed control architecture to cooperatively regulate and control the pulsation pressure excitation parameters and the pipeline system state, and synchronously collecting pressure response and vibration response data of the tested part under pulsation excitation to realize automatic management and real-time monitoring of the test process; S4, based on the collected response data, analyzing the dynamic response characteristics of the tested component under different pulsation excitation parameters, identifying the characteristic response frequency, evaluating the dynamic stability and structural integrity of the component, and completing the reliability verification of the component under the high-pressure pulsation environment.
  2. 2. The method for dynamically testing components of a high-pressure pipeline system based on hydraulic excitation according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure pipeline system in step S1 specifically comprises: A high pressure reservoir for providing a stable pressure source for the system; The double-path shunt pipeline comprises a main path and a bypass, the main path is connected with a tested part, and the bypass is integrated with the pulsation pressure exciter; the rotor assembly is provided with a plurality of groups of cutting blades at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the number of the blades is determined according to the highest response frequency requirement of the tested part; The multi-stage adjusting pore plates are respectively arranged in the main path and the bypass and are used for realizing flow distribution, excitation amplitude adjustment and total flow adjustment of the system of the main bypass; The U-shaped damper is arranged on the upstream pipeline and used for blocking disturbance influence of upstream flow on the main pipeline; The components adopt a modularized quick-dismantling structure to cooperate with multiple sealing protection, so that zero leakage and maintainability of the system under high pressure are ensured.
  3. 3. A method of dynamic testing of components of a high pressure piping system based on hydraulic actuation according to claim 2, characterized in that said pulsating pressure actuator comprises in particular: the rotor assembly is provided with a plurality of groups of cutting blades at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the rotor assembly realizes the alternate opening and closing of the upstream and downstream flow channels through periodical rotation to generate a pulsating pressure wave; the magnetic transmission mechanism adopts an inner magnetic steel and an outer magnetic steel which are oppositely designed to be matched with a high-strength isolation sleeve to form a complete magnetic coupling loop, so that the power is transmitted in a non-contact way; the servo driving system adopts a high-precision servo motor to match with a control algorithm to realize accurate adjustment of the rotating speed of the rotor, thereby generating a pulsation pressure wave with stable frequency and adjustable amplitude.
  4. 4. The method for dynamically testing components of a high-pressure pipeline system based on hydraulic excitation according to claim 2, wherein the multi-seal protection structure specifically comprises: the static sealing structure is used for sealing the flange connection parts of the high-pressure storage tank and the pipeline; The dynamic sealing structure is used for sealing the extension part of the rotor shaft of the pulsating pressure exciter, and adopts a magnetic transmission mode to realize power non-contact transmission and isolate internal and external fluids; The modularized sealing interface is used for quickly installing and replacing the tested components and meets the testing requirements of the components with different specifications.
  5. 5. The method for dynamically testing the components of the high-pressure pipeline system based on hydraulic excitation according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of S2 is as follows: starting a servo motor to drive a rotor to rotate, and periodically cutting off a runner by using a cutting blade on the rotor to generate a pulsating pressure wave in the runner; setting a target rotating speed through a servo control system, and applying pulse pressure excitation with constant frequency and amplitude to a measured part when the rotor rotates at a constant rotating speed; the rotation speed is controlled by a servo control system to change according to a set rule, and when the rotation speed of the rotor is increased or decreased linearly, the pulse pressure excitation in the form of frequency sweep is applied to the tested part.
  6. 6. The method for dynamically testing components of a high-pressure pipeline system based on hydraulic excitation according to claim 5, wherein the pulsating pressure excitation in the form of frequency sweep specifically comprises: The fast frequency sweep is used for rapidly identifying the characteristic response frequency range of the component, the slow frequency sweep is used for precisely capturing the resonance peak point of the component, and the frequency sweep rate can be adjusted in a wide range according to test requirements.
  7. 7. A method of dynamic testing of components of a high pressure piping system based on hydraulic excitation according to claim 1, the method is characterized in that in step S3, the distributed control architecture includes: The upper computer is used as a central control unit, and a visual man-machine interface is provided through special control software to realize the rotation speed adjustment, valve opening control and data acquisition setting of the remote control pulsation pressure exciter; the lower computer is used as a field execution unit and used for receiving and executing the control instruction issued by the upper computer in real time and synchronously collecting the state feedback of the field device; And the high-speed data interface module is used for realizing two-way communication between the upper computer and the lower computer and real-time transmission of measurement data and control instructions.
  8. 8. The method for dynamically testing components of a high-pressure pipeline system based on hydraulic excitation according to claim 7, wherein the synchronous acquisition specifically comprises: Arranging pressure sensors at an inlet and an outlet of a measured part, and monitoring the transmission characteristic of pulsating pressure; Arranging vibration sensors at key positions of a shell of a tested part, and evaluating dynamic response characteristics of the part; arranging pressure sensors at the inlet and the outlet of the pulsating pressure exciter, and monitoring the working state of the exciter; And the data of each sensor is synchronously collected by the lower computer and uploaded to the upper computer, so that the whole process recording and real-time analysis of the test data are realized.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the analyzing the dynamic response characteristics of the tested component under different pulsation excitation parameters in step S4 comprises: establishing an inlet and outlet pressure transfer function of a measured component, calculating a pressure decay ratio and phase lag, and evaluating the transfer characteristic of the component to the pulsating pressure; Analyzing acceleration signals acquired by the vibration sensor, and identifying the natural frequency and damping ratio of the component through frequency spectrum analysis; and (3) comparing response data under different pulsation excitation parameters, and establishing a component dynamic response database to provide basis for component structure optimization.
  10. 10. The method for dynamic testing of components of a high-pressure pipeline system based on hydraulic excitation according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the reliability is verified: adopting a two-stage evaluation strategy; The first stage is a sweep frequency excitation identification stage, wherein the sweep frequency excitation is used for rapidly traversing a target frequency range, and identifying characteristic response frequencies and resonance peak points of the component; The second stage is a continuous excitation evaluation stage, constant-frequency continuous excitation is implemented under the identified characteristic response frequency, the excitation duration is gradually prolonged, the excitation amplitude is gradually increased within the range of 30-150% of the rated amplitude, the dynamic stability and the structural integrity of the component are evaluated in a progressive loading mode, and the endurance limit and the failure mode of the component are determined.

Description

Dynamic test method for high-pressure pipeline system component based on hydraulic excitation Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of system vibration source detection, in particular to a dynamic test method for a high-pressure pipeline system component based on hydraulic excitation. Background In the industrial fields of aerospace, ships, petrochemical, nuclear power and the like, the reliability of a high-pressure fluid conveying system is directly related to the safe operation of equipment. The pipeline components in the systems bear the conveying task of high-pressure liquid or toxic medium for a long time, and the actual operation conditions often accompany complex pressure pulsation, such as pressure fluctuation of a plunger pump outlet, turbulence pulsation generated by throttling of a regulating valve, transient impact caused by water hammer effect and the like. The combined action of the high pressure and the pulsating pressure can lead to vibration fatigue, connection loosening and even structural failure of the parts, so that the dynamic characteristics of the parts must be fully verified in the product design stage; in the prior art, the dynamic test method mainly comprises a piston type pressure exciter, a rotary disc type pressure exciter, an inertial pressure exciter and the like. However, these methods have obvious technical bottlenecks that the frequency response range of the piston type exciter is narrow and the pressure fluctuation is remarkable, the turntable type exciter is difficult to meet the high-pressure sealing requirement, and the inertial type exciter has a complex structure and poor controllability. More importantly, the existing method cannot establish a stable and controllable pulsating pressure excitation environment under the high-pressure zero-leakage condition, so that obvious differences exist between the test working condition and the actual running state, and the measured dynamic characteristics of the components are difficult to truly reflect the actual performances; In addition, the existing test system is mostly single-component test, lacks the capability of evaluating the dynamic characteristics of the multi-component cascade system, relies on manual interpretation data, and cannot realize intelligent diagnosis and prediction. Therefore, a dynamic test method which can realize accurate and controllable pulsation excitation under a high-pressure zero-leakage environment, supports complex working condition simulation and has intelligent evaluation capability is urgently needed, and an effective means is provided for the reliability verification of high-pressure pipeline system components; therefore, the invention provides a dynamic test method for the high-pressure pipeline system component based on hydraulic excitation. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provides a dynamic test method for high-pressure pipeline system components based on hydraulic excitation, and solves the problems that a stable and controllable pulsating pressure excitation environment is established under the condition of high-pressure zero leakage, the evaluation capability of the dynamic characteristics of a multi-component cascade system is lacking, meanwhile, manual interpretation data is relied on, and intelligent diagnosis and prediction cannot be realized. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a dynamic test method for high-pressure pipeline system components based on hydraulic excitation specifically comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a high-pressure pipeline system, wherein the system adopts a modularized framework and a multiple sealing protection structure, a stable pressure source is provided through a high-pressure storage tank, a main path and a bypass are formed through two-path diversion, the main path is connected with a tested part, the bypass is integrated with a pulsating pressure exciter with a rotary valve type structure, and a multistage regulating pore plate is arranged to realize flow distribution and pulsating amplitude regulation, so that a stable pulsating pressure excitation environment is established under the condition of high-pressure zero leakage; s2, utilizing the pulsating pressure exciter, generating periodic channel switching through a rotary valve type structure, generating a pulsating pressure wave, and controlling the excitation frequency and amplitude by adjusting the rotating speed of a rotor, so as to apply the pulsating pressure excitation in the form of fixed frequency, fixed amplitude or sweep frequency to a measured part; S3, adopting a distributed control architecture to cooperatively regulate and control the pulsation pressure excitation parameters and the pipeline system state, and synchronously collecting pressure response and vibration response data of the tested part under pulsation excitation to realize